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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anatomical Position
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Individual is standing erect w/ feet pointed forward, the eyes straight ahead, and the palms of the hands facing forward w/ the upper limbs at the sides.
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Superior
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Above; toward the head
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Inferior
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Below; at a lower level
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Anterior
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The front; before
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Posterior
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The back; behind
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Medial
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Toward the body's longitudinal axis
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Lateral
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Away from the body's longitudinal axis
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Cephalad
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The head
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Caudal
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The tail
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Dorsal
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The back (equivalent to posterior)
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Ventral
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The belly side (equivalent to anterior)
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Proximal
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Toward an attached base
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Distal
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Away from an attached base
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Superficial
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At, near, or relatively close to the body surface
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Deep
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Farther from the body surface
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Transverse
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Perpendicular to the vertical orientation of the body
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Sagittal
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Divides a body or organ into right and left portions
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Frontal (coronal)
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Separates anterior and posterior structures
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What is cross-section?
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Goes across the body axis (transverse)
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Ventral body cavity (coelom)
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The entire space of the body trunk anterior to the vertebral column & posterior to the sternum & the abdominal muscle wall
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Ventral body cavity subdivisions
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Thoracic cavity & Abdominopelvic cavity
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Thoracic cavity subdivisions
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Mediastinum & 2 pleural cavities
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What muscle separates the thoracic cavity & the abdominal cavity?
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Diaphragm
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What is the primary function of the integumentary system?
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Protect, regulate body temp., sensory info
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What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
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Provide support & protection for tissues, store calcium, forms blood cells
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What is the primary function of the muscular system?
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Protection and support, provides movement, generate heat
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What is the primary function of the nervous system?
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Directs immediate responses, coordinates or moderates activities, provides and interprets sensory info
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What is the primary function of the endocrine system?
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Directs long term changes in the activities of other organ systems, adjusts metabolic activity, controls many structural changes
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What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
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Distributes blood cells, water, and dissolved materials, distributes heat
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What is an organelle?
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Intercellular structures
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What is a tissue?
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Group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function
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What are the 4 major types of tissues in the body?
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Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Neural tissue
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What is the general function of epithelial tissue?
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Covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways & chambers, produce glandular secretions
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What is the general function of connective tissue?
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Fills internal spaces, provides structural support, stores energy
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What is the general function of muscle tissue?
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Contracts to produce movement
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What is the general function of neural tissue?
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Conducts electrical impulses, carries info
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What is an organ?
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Two or more tissues working in combination to perform several functions
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How is epithelial tissue classified?
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Classified and identified by the number of cell layers and by the general shape of the tissue cell
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