Lab Quiz 3

Front 1

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

Back 1

p, q, p^2, q^2, 2pq

Front 2

What conclusion can you draw about the evolution of the Anolis lizards based on these figures?

Back 2

The lizards are more closely related to lizards on the same island than lizards with the same body type. They all share one common ancestor.

Front 3

What is convergent evolution? Use evidence from the trees to explain how the Anolis lizards are an example of this concept?

Back 3

The independent evolution of similar species on the different islands is an example of this. The trees show that the lizards are branched closely together when located on the same island

Front 4

Based on what you know about the experimental islands and the lizards that were placed on these islands, explain how and why the average leg length of the population might change over time. Include the concept of natural selection in your discussion.

Back 4

The average leg length got shorter since the habitat allowed short legs to have the advantage to catch prey and not fall off branches, natural selection selected short legs.

Front 5

What are the four basic steps involved in this bacterial identification lab?

Back 5

Prepare a sample from a patient and isolate whole bacterial DNA. Make many copies of the desired piece of DNA. Sequence the DNA. Analyze the sequence and identify the bacteria.

Front 6

What is BLAST and how is it used?

Back 6

Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, program used to allow 2 sequences to be compared to see the similarity.

Front 7

Predict the direction of migration for each of the known dye samples.

Back 7

Positives will move towards the negatives.

Front 8

Which dye do you predict will move through the gel the fastest? The slowest?

Back 8

Safranin O, Alizarin Red S

Front 9

Write a brief function for each of the parts used in gel electrophoresis

Back 9

a) Agarose gel - allows dyes to move

b) Electrophoresis buffer - keep stable pH

c) Wells in the gel - hold dye

d) Electric current - move dye

Front 10

One important safety precaution that must be followed

Back 10

Don't touch it when on

Front 11

Which dye traveled the farthest?

Back 11

Orange G, Alican Red, and M-Cresol purple all moved 1.5 cm.

Front 12

How did the results differ from your predictions regarding migration direction, which dye would travel the fastest and slowest?

Back 12

They all moved the direction we predicted, however the m-cresol moved farther than I thought.

Front 13

Why didn't all dyes travel the same distance or the same direction from the wells?

Back 13

They traveled according to their charges and size, which were different

Front 14

Why did the two positively-charged dyes travel almost the same distance?

Back 14

They were about the same size.

Front 15

Of the three negatively-charged dyes, why do you think the "heaviest" was the second fastest dye

Back 15

There are a lot of carbons and 2 nitrogens that are double bonded, linear and 2 negative charges.

Front 16

List the dyes that were used in your "unknown" dye sample

Back 16

Orange G and Safranin O

Front 17

Write one reasonable explanation to support the answer

Back 17

The amount of Safranin O moved was similar to one of the unknowns

Front 18

Explain the basis for the speed rankings given to the known dye samples

Back 18

Weight in molecular build is what determines speed

Front 19

List three errors that could affect the outcome of any gel electrophoresis procedure

Back 19

Contamination, concentration too high or too low, steady voltage.

Front 20

summarize how gel electrophoresis is used to separate molecules

Back 20

Uses electrical charges to move molecules positively or negatively depending on the molecules charge.