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36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Sternum

Manubrium


Body


Xyphoid Process



Ribs

7 true ribs - 1-7


5 False


(2 floating)

Costal Cartilage

Cartilage of Hyaline that protrudes the ribs forward

Lungs Apex, Base, Hilum

Apex - top of lungs


Base- bottom


Hilum where trachea meets lungs

Lungs Lobes

Right lung has 3 lobes: Sup, Inf, Middle


Left lung has 2 lobes: Sup, Inf

Lung Fissures

Horizontal Fissure spearates Sup from Middle


Oblique seperates Sup from inferior

Lungs (Surface etc)

Lingula is just inferior to cardiac notch on right hand side


Cardiac notch is a space for heart to fit


Left lobe: Aortic and Cardiac Impressions


Right lobe: Cardiac and esophageal

Trachea

Splits into Right and Left Bronchi (primary)


Splits into Superior, inf, middle bronchi (secondary) (3 branches for right 2 in ght left)


Splits into tertiary bronchi

Trachea Cartilages

Most superior ring is cricoid cartilage


Thyroid cartilage is on top of cricoid


All inferior cartilage rings are shaped like letter C (Tracheal cartilages)


Annular ligaments between tracheal cartilages

Mediastinum 4 compartments

Anterior- b/w sternum and heart contains thymus gland


Superior- above T4-T5 junction, contains trachea and great vessels


Middle- contains heart


Posterior - contains esophagus, vagus nerves

External Intercostals

O: Lower margins of ribs I- II


I: superior borders next ribs inferior to each rib of origin


A: Elevates rib cage



Internal intercostals

O: ridge of inner surface ribs I-II


I: superior borders of nexxts ribs inferior to each rib of origin


A: depresses rib cage

Transverse thoracis

O: posterior surface of sternum


I: Inner surface of costal cartilage ribs 3-8


A: depresses costal cartilage of ribs 3-8

Subcostals

O: lateral inner surface of ribs I-II


I: medial inner surface of ribs 1 or 2 inferior to each rib of origin


A: depresses ribs

Levatores costarum

Transverse process of C7-T11


Laterally to costal angles of ribs next inferior to each rib of origin


Elevates ribs; lateral flexion of spine

Diaphragm (openings)

Caval- most superior, hole for IVC
Esophageal- hole for esophagus
Aortic- hole for aorta most inferior

Diaphragm (features)

Innervated by phrenic nerve from C3-C5


Contraction depresses floor of thoracic cavity

External Oblique

O: external surface of ribs 5-12


I: Crest of illium; pubic tubercle; xiphoid process


A: rotates/flexes trunk

Internal Oblique

O: Thoracolumbar fascia; crest of ilium


I: ribs 9/10-12; linea alba


A: rotates/flexes trunk



Transversus abdominis

O: costal cartilages of ribs 7-12


I:xiphoid process of sternum


A: compresses abdominal contents

Rectus abdominis

O: crest of pubis; pubic symphysis


I: xiphoid process


A: compresses abdominal contents; flexes trunk

Pyramidalis

O: anterior pubis


I: linea alba


A: tenses linea alba

Campers Fascia

Subcutaneous layer containing fat and vasculature

Scarpa's fascia

Deep but superficial to aponeruosis of extrnal oblique



Tendinous inscriptions

fibrous rectus sheath tightly adherent to the muscle at 3 tendinous inscriptions which divide muscle into 4 segments

Aponeuroses

Sheet tendons

Linea alba

midline crossing and interacing the aponeuroses of the 3 lateral abdominal muscles

Inguinal ligament

connects the anterior superior iliac spine and pubic tubercle with inferior border of aponeurosis of external oblique

Esophagus

Left vagus nerves runs anteriorly


Right runs posteriorly

Stomach (4 regions)

Cardia- where esophagus enters
Fundus- upper left
Body- main part
Pylorus- connecting to duodenum---> split into plyoric antrum and pyloric canal


Stomach External surface features

inscisura angularis- angle where stomach chages


sulcus intermedius- separates the antrum from the canal

Liver (lobes)

Left and Right lobes


Caudate lobe is superior and posterior to quadrate

Porta hepatis

A region in the liver wehre hepatic portal vein the hepatic artery proper and common hepatic duct meet

Gall Bladder

cystic duct comes from neck and meets the common hepatic duct which collects from the LandR hepatic ducts. The common hepatic duct drains into the common bile duct

Coronary Ciruclation

Arteries: Left and Right Coronary Arteries.


Left branches into circumflex and anterior interventricular branch Right branches into atrial branch and marginal branch




Veins: Great cardiac vein, small cardiac veins, and anterior cardiac veins

Obliterated organs from fetal developmen

DA- becomes ligamentum arteriosum


Foramen ovale- becomes fossa ovalis


umbilical vein- becomes ligamentum teres


ductus venosus- ligamentum venosum