Lab Practical

Front 1

epithelial tissue

Back 1

lining of organs, protection

Front 2

simple squamous epithelium

Back 2

layer of thin, flat cells that lines internal cavities, the heart, and blood vessels

Front 3

skeletal muscle

Back 3

muscles attached to bones - voluntary contraction, striated

Front 4

cardiac muscle

Back 4

found only in the heart, involuntary,, branching, striated cells

Front 5

smooth muscle

Back 5

internal organs, involuntary

Front 6

motor neurons

Back 6

take messages from spinal cord to muscles

Front 7

connective tissue

Back 7

connects different parts of the body together - bone, blood, cartilage, proper connective tissue

Front 8

loose fibrous connective tissue

Back 8

supports epithelium, internal organs, muscles, and nerves

Front 9

dense fibrous connective tissue

Back 9

tendons, ligaments, connects bones and muscles

Front 10

adipose tissue

Back 10

fat storage, insulation, protection

Front 11

compact bone

Back 11

central canal - contains nerve and blood vessels

Front 12

hyaline cartilage

Back 12

in nose and walls of respiratory passages

Front 13

red blood cells

Back 13

bioconcave, no nucleus, carry oxygen

Front 14

white blood cells

Back 14

larger, have a nucleus, fight infection

Front 15

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Back 15

cilia on the end of each cell

lining of trachea - protects lungs, moves mucus

Front 16

simple columnar epithelial

Back 16

tall, column like cells with nucleus at base, lines digestive tract + uterus, absorbs nutrients and protects

Front 17

simple cuboidal epithelial

Back 17

single layer of cube shaped cells found in the kidney and gland ducts, secretes mucus and protects

Front 18

chi square value

Back 18

= sum of (difference in observed and expected value)^2 /expected value

Front 19

mRNA

Back 19

messenger RNA - carries code from DNA to ribosomes

Front 20

transcription

Back 20

complementary mRNA is made from a DNA template - RNA polymerase

Front 21

codon

Back 21

set of three bases in mRNA

Front 22

anticodon

Back 22

complementary to codons

Front 23

gel electrophoresis

Back 23

separates molecules by charge and size (used in forensic science)

Front 24

ectoderm

Back 24

forms the nervous system and skin in embryos

Front 25

endoderm

Back 25

germ layer - forms lining of digestive and respiratory system

Front 26

mesoderm

Back 26

germ layer - forms cardiovascular, muscular, reproductive, and skeletal systems

Front 27

morula

Back 27

stage if zygote division - ball of cells about same since as original zygote

Front 28

blastula

Back 28

zygote division - single layered ball of cells with blastocoel in middle

Front 29

early gastrula

Back 29

blastula folds inward to form two layered gastrula - outer layer is ectoderm, inner layer is endoderm

Front 30

nondusjunction

Back 30

-homologues fail to separate during meiosis I or II

Front 31

extraembryonic membranes

Back 31

chorion, amnion, yolk sac, allantois

Front 32

chorion

Back 32

humans- forms fetal portion of placenta, absorbs nutrients from mother

chick- gas exchange

Front 33

amnion

Back 33

contains amniotic fluid

Front 34

yolk sac

Back 34

chick - surrounds yolk

mammals - first blood cell formation

Front 35

allantois

Back 35

chick - storage area for waste

human - part of umbilical cord

Front 36

induction

Back 36

induces formation of nervous system

Front 37

oral cavity

Back 37

tongue and teeth

Front 38

glottis

Back 38

opening through which air passes to the trachea

Front 39

epiglottis

Back 39

flap that covers epiglottis

Front 40

thoracic cavity

Back 40

heart and lungs

Front 41

thymus gland

Back 41

lymphatic system, white blood cells

Front 42

abdominal cavity

Back 42

liver, spleen, intestines, stomach, kidneys

Front 43

liver

Back 43

largest organ in abdomen, disposes of old blood cells and produces bile

Front 44

spleen

Back 44

long flat organ connected to stomach, purifies blood

Front 45

gallbladder

Back 45

stores and releases bile

Front 46

axial skeleton

Back 46

skill, spine, ribs

Front 47

pectoral girdle

Back 47

clavicle and scapula

Front 48

arm bones

Back 48

humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

Front 49

flexion

Back 49

movement of joints toward each other

Front 50

abduction

Back 50

movement of part away from body

Front 51

isometric contraction

Back 51

length of muscle does not change

Front 52

sarcomere

Back 52

unit of muscle

Front 53

mitosis

Back 53

1 diploid cell makes 2 diploid

Front 54

meiosis

Back 54

1 diploid makes 4 haploid

Front 55

prophase 1

Back 55

chromosomes line up, crossing over

Front 56

metaphase I

Back 56

homologous chromosomes line up at center of cell, spindle attaches

Front 57

skin

Back 57

stratified squamous epithelial cells