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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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- temperature
- ph - concentration |
What factors affect the rate enzymes react?
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What are hydra?
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- simple multicellular animals
- found in cool, clean, fresh waters of lakes, ponds, and streams |
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What is the cnidoblast of a hyrdra?
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- contains a capsule, or nematocyst which is filled with fluid and a coiled thread tube that when everted aids in capturing the prey and locomotion
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What is lichen?
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composed of alga and fungus living together in a type of symbiotic relationship (mutualism)
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with iodine solution solution, which produces a dark purple color
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How can starch be tested for?
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only when cells are dividing
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When can chromosomes be seen?
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What is chromatin?
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dispersed chromosome material
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diploid
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What is the number of chromosomes in a somatic cell called?
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nature of the hereditary material
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How is species determined?
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What is a dyad?
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pair of chromosomes
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DNA is duplicated
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What happens in Interphase 1?
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Prophase 1
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When does crossing over occur?
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same
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In mitosis what is the chromosome number in daughter cells in relation to those in the parent cell?
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Prophase
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In what phase does spindle fibers form, nucleolus disappear.
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- green plants
- animals - fungi |
What life forms rely directly or indirectly on photosynthesis?
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leaves
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What is the major photosynthetic organ of a plant?
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- NADPH
- ATP |
What product is produced in the thylakoid membrane?
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K level
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Which orbit contains electrons with the lowest energy level?
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NADPH is formed
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What is formed in light dependent reactions?
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CO2 is reduced to a simple carbohydrate
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What happens in a light independent reaction?
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elodea
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What organism is used to study the rate of photosynthesis
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absorb heat from the flood lamp
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What is the function of the heat shield?
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yellow-green
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What is the color of chlorophyll B?
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aerobic respiration
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Which of the respiration types is most efficient i converting potential energy in food into a usable form for cells?
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- CO2
- H2O - Energy |
What is produced in the completed oxidation of glucose?
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What is decarboxylation?
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process that removes CO2 from various molecules
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H2CO3
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What material is produced from respiration that can affect the pH of a cell?
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guard cells
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What cells control the opening and closing of the stomata in leaves?
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- with thin walled structures
- keep cells moist - provide exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide |
How are all respiratory systems designed?
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by means of a tracheal system
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How does the grasshopper breathe?
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using a simple lung?
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How does the garden snail breathe?
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to absorb CO2
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What is the function of KOH in a respirometer?
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respiratory pore
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How does air enter the snail?
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large multicellular organisms
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What is transport systems needed by?
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all cells
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The delivery of nutrients and elimination of waste is essential to which cells?
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Describe diffusion.
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- slow process
- important to delivering materials in cells - important process in removing waste from cells |
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food vacuole flow
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Materials enter and leave cells by what process?
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What are traceophytes?
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vascular plants
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What are tracheids?
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join to form; xylem, cellulose, pholem
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Xylem
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Where are water and minerals transported through?
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stomata
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What is the opening through which gases enter and leaves the plants called?
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auricle
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Blood is returned to the heart of a fish from the tail fin through what vessel?
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- it is more stable in; pH, temperature, and salt concentration
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Why is light thought to have originated in seas rather than fresh water?
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they lack fluids analagous to tissue fluids in animals
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What do plants lack
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it has a high concentration of salt.
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Describe estuary soil.
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decreases in size
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What happens to an animal cell exposed to a hypotonic environment?
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stored in the leaves
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What happens to excess salt in pickleweed?
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excreted from the leaves
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what happens to excess salt in alkali heath?
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they are of a tubular nature
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What kind of excretory system does man and earthworms have?
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- gene pools
- gene frequencies - rate of genetic change |
What areas do biologists study by using principles of genetics?
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- p+q=1
- p2+2pq+q2=1 |
What formula can be used to calculate the frequency of an allele?
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.25
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If 25% of individuals in a population show a recessive trait, what value should be assigned.
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What is the chi-square test?
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compares observed with expected events
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it is consider to be highly significant.
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How is a probability value of less than 1% regarded?
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- albinism
- color blindness - down's syndrome |
What are examples of inheritable diseases?
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- algae
- fungi - protozoans |
What are examples of Eukaryotes?
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nucleus
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What organelle is most noticeable under a light microscope?
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to prevent the cell from rupturing
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In spite of chemical variants of the cells among Eukaryotes the function is the same, what is the function?
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glycoralyeles
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What carbohydrates strengthen the cell membranes of animal cells and help protect them again protozoan?
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no
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Are all protozoans pathogenic to humans?
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cilia
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Amoeba move by means of what?
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blastopores
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What structures are found in yeast?
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sporangiospores
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What structures in mold germinates into new hypha?
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rotifera
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Where is mastax found?
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Describe spirogyra?
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- green algae
- carries out sexual reproduction - contains spiral shaped chloroplasts |
