Lab 7

Front 1

What are the 4 major adaptations of plant evolution

Back 1

alternation of generations, vascular tissue, seeds,flowers and fruits

Front 2

what are the 3 major reproductive adaptions in the evolution of seed plants.

Back 2

-Reduction of gametophyte(gametophyte of seed plants are microscopic,they can exist within and are dependent on the sporophyte)

- seeds became and important means of dispersal

-pollen(sperm cells) eliminated the liquid-water requirement for fertilization

Front 3

microscopic gametophytes are found in

Back 3

seed plants gymnosperms and angiosperms

Front 4

What advantages do seeds have over spores

Back 4

Seeds have a supply of stored food•

They maybe transported longdistances by wind or animals

they may remain dormant for years

Front 5

What is pollen

Back 5

the male haploid gametophyte. no longer needs water for fertilization. and travels by air or on animals

Front 6

how does pollen work?

Back 6

if a pollen grain germintes, it gives rise to a pollen tube that discharges sperm into the female gametophyte within the ovule.

Front 7

what are the five derived traits of seed plants?

Back 7

reduced gametophytes, heterospory, ovules (gymnosperm) integument is 2n megaspore is n and megasporangium is 2n, and seeds(survive better then unprotected spores and can be transported

Front 8

What is the purpose of a flower

Back 8

specialized strcture where sexual reproduction occurs

has an organ system:composed of several different organs including male and female sex organs. many evolved to attract organisms .

Front 9

what is the male and what is the female sex organs in a flower?

Back 9

Male:stamen

female:carpal

Front 10

what are the parts of the stamen

Back 10

anther and filament

Front 11

what are the parts of the carpel

Back 11

stigma(entry) style and overy. and the ovules are contained within the ovary.

Front 12

what parts of a flower besides sex organs

Back 12

petal, sepal(leaf like thing) and steam.

Front 13

what are microspore mother cells

Back 13

they are found in the anther and go through meiosis to produce haploid microspores which then go through mitosis to produce haploid pollen grains (microgametopythe). found in anther of a flower.

Front 14

What is the megaspore mother cell

Back 14

it is contain in the ovule and goes through mitosis to procuce haploid megapodes which go through mitosis to produce the embrosac (megagametophyte)

Front 15

what is a fruit?

Back 15

a fruit is a mature ovary

Front 16

what are the benefits

Back 16

protection for embryo and enhances dispersion

Front 17

What are the two types of fruits? what define them

Back 17

simple fruits(one ovary) and compound fruits(more then one ovary)

Front 18

what types of fruits have one ovary?

Back 18

dry fruits and fleshy fruits

Front 19

define dry fruits and give examples

Back 19

One seeded dry fruits

-archene(grains): ovary wall and seed coat fused

- nuts:ovary wall hard/woody but can be separated

Two or more seeded dry fruits

-ovary with several cavities-> capsule (cotton)

-ovary with one cavity-> legume

Front 20

what are the types of fleshy fruits

Back 20

-Ovary with one seed(surrounded by stone)->drupe

-overay with many seeds

all ovary tissue soft, flower tissue doesn't develop into fruit -> berry

fruit develops from tissue of flower base, ovary wall forms 'core around seeds->pome

Front 21

what are compound fruits and name the examples

Back 21

compound fruits have more then ovary

multiple - fruits form from ovaries of many flowers

aggregate- fruit formed from several ovaries in one flower.

Front 22

what part of the life cycle of a angiosperm is 3n

Back 22

the endosperm which is the part of a seed that acts as a food store for the developing plant embryo, usually containing starch with protien and other nutrients.

Front 23

what is double fertilization:

Back 23

occurs when pollen tube discharges 2 sperm into the female gametophyte

Front 24

What is the difference between dicots and monocots

Back 24

Plants with one cotyledon:monocotyledon(monocots

Plants with two cotyledons:dicotyledons(dicots)

Front 25

What is cotyledon:

Back 25

portion of the embryo that will become the first leaves.