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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consist of what 2 nervous system?
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– Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
– Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) |
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The ANS supplies and controls?
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– Smooth Muscle (GI tract and blood vessels)
– Cardiac Muscle – Glands (sweat and digestive glands) |
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Is the ANS voluntary or involuntary?
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Involuntary
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ANS motor pathway?
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2 Neurons from CNS to Effector
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Which nervous system has 2 divisions, the sympathetic and parasympathetic?
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ANS (autonomic)
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Which nervous system release either Ach or NE?
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ANS (autonomic)
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Which nervous system is excitatory (+) or inhibitory (-)?
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ANS (autonomic)
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The somatic (SNS) controls?
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Skeletal Muscle
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Is the SNS voluntary or involuntary?
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Voluntary
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SNS motor pathway?
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1 Neuron from CNS to Effector
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Which nervous system is where all release the neurotransmitter Ach?
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Somatic (SNS)
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Which nervous system is always excitatory (stimulates contraction)?
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Somatic (SNS)
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The autonomic motor pathways include 2 motor neurons?
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– Preganglionic Neuron
– Postganglionic Neurons |
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Which motor neurons of the autonomic motor pathway is from CNS synapses with postganglionic neurons in autonomic ganglion?
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Preganglionic Neuron
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Which motor neurons of the autonomic motor pathway is from cell body in autonomic ganglion to effector?
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Postganglionic Neurons
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ANS divisions?
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– Sympathetic
– Parasympathetic |
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Most organs supplied by both S&P divisions is called?
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Dual Innervation
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Sympathetic and parasympathetic have _____ (_____) effects?
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Opposite (antagonistic)
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With the heart rate sympathetic does what, and parasympathetic does what?
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– Stimulates
– Inhibits |
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Fight – Or – Flight
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Sympathetic
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Rest – and – Digest?
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Parasympathetic
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Some organs receive only _____ not _____ nerves?
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– Sympathetic
– Parasympathetic |
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What are some organs that receive only sympathetic nerves?
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– Sweat Glands
– Many Blood Vessels – Hair Muscles cell bodies |
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Cell bodies located in lateral gray horn of spinal cord segments T1 – T12 & L1 – L2?
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Sympathetic Preganglionic Neurons
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The sympathetic division is called?
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Thoracolumbar
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Neurons synapse with long postganglionic neurons in sympathetic trunk (chain) ganglia or prevertebral ganglia?
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Short Preganglionic Neuron
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1 preganglionic neuron synapses with many postganglionic neurons?
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Widespread Effect
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All effectors are controlled by postganglionic neurons except?
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Adrenal Medulla
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Adrenal medulla is controlled by a?
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Preganglionic Neuron
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2 types of sympathetic (s) ganglia?
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– Sympathetic Trunk (chain) Ganglia
– Prevertebral Ganglia |
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Which sympathetic ganglia is located on both sides of the vertebral column?
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Sympathetic Trunk (chain) Ganglia
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With the sympathetic trunk (chain) ganglia, this is the entry points formed by preganglionic sympathetic neurons located at T1 – L2 spinal cord segments?
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White Rami
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With the sympathetic trunk (chain) ganglia, this is the exit points that lead to each of the 31 pairs of spinal nerves and outnumber white rami?
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Gray Rami
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Which sympathetic (S) ganglia is located anterior to the vertebral column, near the abdominal arteries?
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Prevertebral Ganglia
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Preganglionic cell bodies located in the brain stem, as cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X and spinal cord segments S2 – S4?
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Parasympathetic Preganglionic Neurons
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Parasympathetic division is called the?
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Craniosacral
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The _____ nerve (_____) carries 80% of parasympathetic outflow?
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Vagus(X)
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Neurons synapse with short postganglionic neurons in terminal ganglia located close to or within effector?
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Long Preganglionic Neuron
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1 preganglionic neuron synapses with a few postganglionic neurons?
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Localized Effect
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All S&P preganglionic axons release?
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ACh
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All P postganglionic axons release?
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ACh
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Some S postganglionic axons (sweat glands) release?
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ACh
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ACh response?
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Short-Lived
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Almost all S postganglionic axons release?
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NE (norepinephrine)
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NE response?
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Has Longer Lasting Widespread Effects
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NE has longer lasting widespread affects enhanced by epinephrine and norepinephrine released from the?
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Adrenal Medulla
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Produces ATP during physical or emotional stress?
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Fight – or – Flight Response
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What are the 4 E situations?
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– Emergency
– Exercise – Excitement – Embarrassment |
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Which response increases heart rate, force of contraction, and blood pressure, and dilates airways increasing breathing rate?
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Fight – or – Flight Response
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Which response increases sweating and dilates pupils?
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Fight – or – Flight Response
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Which response contracts arrector pili muscles?
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Fight – or – Flight Response
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Vasodilates blood vessels to essential organs such as skeletal muscles, heart, liver and adipose tissue is what type of effect?
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Sympathetic Effect
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Increases glycogen and fat breakdown; increasing blood glucose for ATP production is what type of effect?
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Sympathetic Effect
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Vasoconstricts blood vessels to nonessential organs such as GI tract and kidneys decreasing digestion and urination is what type of effect?
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Sympathetic Effect
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Which response conserves and restores body energy?
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Rest – and – Digest Response
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With parasympathetic effects SLUDD is what?
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– Salivation
– Lacrimation – Urination – Digestion – Defecation |
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Which response decreases heart rate, airway diameter, and pupil diameter?
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Rest and Digest Response
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Which response increases glycogen production for energy storage?
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Rest and Digest Response
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The autonomic reflexes and control components include?
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– Receptor
– Sensory Neuron – Integrating Center – Motor Neurons – Effectors |
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Major control and integration center of autonomic nervous system?
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Hypothalamus
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