Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
이/가 |
Subject marker it refers to what the predicate is about |
|
|
N은/는(1) |
Topic marker, denotes that the noun is the topic of the sentence |
|
|
N이/가 아니다 |
It refers to negation of a fact |
|
|
N도 |
It means "also""too" |
|
|
이 그 저 |
이 something close to the speaker 그something close to the listener but not the speaker 저something far away from both the speaker and the listener |
|
|
N의 |
It is a possessive particle.(like the 's of English) |
|
|
N에(1) |
It is a locative particular. Used generally with 있다/없다 refers to being at that location. Puts next to the name of the location. |
|
|
N이/가 있다/없다 |
It refers to the existence or non existence of an object or a person. |
|
|
V-(스)ㅂ니다/-(스)ㅂ니까? |
It refers to the final verb suffixes in honorific formal speech in present tense. |
|
|
N(을/를) |
Object marker of the action verb. Indicates the direct object of an action verb. |
|
|
N만 |
Only, just. Marker of exclusivity. |
|
|
N에 가다/오다 (다니다) |
It indicates the destination someone is going or coming back from. 다니다 is when you do it regularly like work and school. |
|
|
N과/와/하고 N |
They are conjunctive to be used to join two or more nouns in parallel relation. 과/와 formal 하고 informal |
|
|
N에서 |
At, in N(place) dynamic locative particular indicating the location of an activity. |
|
|
N에(2) |
At, in, on(time). Indicates a time reference. |
|
|
V-아/어/여요(1) N이에/예요 |
Sentences ending used in informal polite speech level. |
|
|
N부터/까지 |
Is used for temporal expressions meaning "from time till time" |
|
|
안 V / V-지 않다 |
Both mean do not, they refer to an intentional negative. |
|
|
V-았/었/였- N이었/였 |
This are the past forms of present simple. |
|
|
V-고(1) N(이)고 |
And. Conjunctive particles connecting two or more clauses. |
|
|
AV-아/어/여 보다 |
Is an expression of a pat experience, a present attempt or a suggestion. |
|
|
으 verbs |
The ㅡ is deleted without exception, when it is followed by the vowels ㅏ/ㅓ |
|
|
N은/는(2) |
Contrast marker. Compare two different or contrastive items. |
|
|
ㅂ verb |
Turns into ㅜ/ㅗ in some cases. Usually when it is an ㅗ orㅏit becomesㅘ. If it is another vowels ㅝ is attached. |
|
|
AV-아/어/여서(1) |
And then, and there. Connects two clauses and indicates a sequence of events. |
|
|
N(으)로(1) |
To,towards, heading to. Is a direction particle. |
|
|
AV-(으)러 가다/오다 |
To go(to come) to do... . Expresses the purpose of going somewhere(I went to the park to walk my dog) |
|
|
AV-(으)ㄹ 거예요(1) |
I will. Is an expression of probable future or plan. |
|
|
AV-고(2) |
And then. Is a conjunctive particle connecting two or more actions and indicates a sequence of events. |
|
|
AV-기 전에, N전에 |
Before. It is attached to an action verb or a noun. It expresses a fact or a premise before something is done. |
|
|
AV-(으)ㄴ 후에, N- 후에 |
After. It expresses a fact or a result after something is done. |
|
|
N- 동안 |
During. Denotes the length of the time during which a certain action or behavior begins and lasts until it ends. |
|
|
AV-(으)세요/ (으)십시오 |
Polite forms to express a command. They are attached only to action verb steams. |
|
|
N(이)랑 |
And, together with. Joins two or more nouns. |
|
|
Av-고 있다(1) |
Be doing, be doing something. It is the present progressive form. Denotes an action in progress(like the -ing of English) |
|
|
N에게(서)/ 한테(서) |
To somebody. (From somebody). It indicates the recipient or the source of an action. |
|
|
AV-(으) ㄹ까요? |
Shall I/we? Is a sentence final suffix which is used to ask the listener's opinion or consent. |
|
|
V- 아/어/여서(2) N이어/여서 |
Because, as, since. They are attached to a verb or a noun to express a cause or a reason of the following clause. It is not used with 세요/ ㄹ 까요. And it doesn't change when is used in other tenses. |
|
|
AV-(으)ㄹ 수 있다/없다 |
Can't, can. Is an expression of ability or possibility of doing something. |
|
|
V-(으)ㄹ까요? (2) N일까요?p |
Do you think? Do you guess that? Are used to ask the listener opinion. |
|
|
V-(으)ㄹ 거예요(2) N일 거예요 |
I think I guess that. Are expressions of probability or conjecture |
|
|
AV-(으)ㄹ 게요 |
I will, I promise. A weak promise. Denotes the speaker's volition or determination. It is used only for statements and cannot be used for questions. |
|
|
AV- 아/어/여요(2) |
Let's!(request) please do(imperative) is a sentence final suffix suggesting both the speaker and the listener's joint actions or a formal command to the listener. |
|
|
N(으)로(2) |
By means of, with. Denotes means of transportation, tools or material. |
|
|
ㄹ verb |
When it meets ㄴ ㅂ ㅅ is omitted. When it is added to 으, 으 is omitted. |
|
|
V-거가 N(이)나 |
Or. Indicates the use of any items in a list or do one out of many possible actions. |
|
|
Av-(으) ㅂ시다 |
Let's! Is a sentences final suffix suggesting both the speaker's and the listener's joint action. |
|
|
V-(으)니까(1) N(이)니까 |
As, because. Conjunctive suffix. It denotes a reason or a cause of the following clause. |
|
|
AV-고 싶다 |
Want to, would like to. Expresses the speaker's desire or wish. |
|
|
AV-겠-(01) |
Will(intention) is a non final inflectional suffix and indicates speaker's intention or volition and future plan. |
|
|
AV-(으)ㄹ 게요 |
I will, I promise. A weak promise. Denotes the speaker's volition or determination. It is used only for statements and cannot be used for questions. |
내일 제가 음식 만들게요 |
|
V-겠-(2) N-(이)겠- |
I guess. Is a non final inflectional suffix. It denotes the speaker conjecture. |
|
|
AV-아/어/여 주다 |
To do a favor for someone. Is an auxiliary verb indicating a benefactor expression. |
|
|
V-(으)면, N(이) 면 |
If when. They are conjunctive suffixes, they denote an assumption for an uncertain fact. Or it is used in the conditional mood. Ej: when the speaker cites a generally evident fact as a condition for something. |
|
|
V-거나 N(이)나 |
Or. Indicates the use of any items in a list or do one out of many possible actions. |
주말마다 친구들과 함께 농구나 축구를 해요 |
|
못 AV / AV-지 못하다 |
Cannot. Denotes the subject's lack of ability to do something or the fact that something does not got according to one's wish or hope due to some external factor. |
이거 아파서 밥을 먹지 못했습니다
이거 아팡서 밥을 못 먹었어요 |
|
AV-(으)려고 하다 |
I intend to, I plan to. Is used to express the speakers intention and purpose of an action verb. |
주말에 집에서 책을 읽으려고 해요/합니다 |
|
N께서/께서는 |
Are the honorific counterparts of 이/가 은/는 |
아버지께서 댁에 계십니다.
있다..계시다 먹다...드시다, 잡수시다 마시다...드시다 자다...주무시다 말하다...말씀하시다 아프다...편첞으시다 죽었다...돌아가셨다
집...백 말...말씀 밥...진지 나이...연세 생일...생식 |
|
V-(으)시 N-(이)시 |
Honorific prefinal ending. Are the subjects honorific suffixes used when the subject is higher in status or age than the speakers. |
할머니께서 신문을 읽으십니다. |
|
V-아/어/여야 되다/하다 |
Must, have to. Denotes obligation or necessity. |
|
|
V-아/어/여야 되다/하다 |
Must, have to. Denotes obligation or necessity. |
약속 시간에 늦지 않아야 해요 |
|
AV-지 말다 |
Don't (imperative) is used for prohibition. |
도서관에서 음식을 먹지 마십시오(마세요) |
|
N보다 |
Than N. Is a particle used for comparison |
|
|
V-지만, N(이)지만 |
But, however. Conjunctive suffixes that connects two clauses with contrastive or opposite meaning. |
|
|
DV-(으)ㄴ N |
Adnominal phrase. Is a noun modifying form attached to the descriptive verbs and modifies the following noun. |
|
|
AV-아/어/여도 되다( 좋다 괜찮다) |
May, permission. Expresses permission or admission. |
|
|
AV-(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ N, N인 N |
Adnominal phrase. Are known modifying forms attached to the steam of an action verb and are attached to the steam of the verb. |
Pas tense 으 ㄴ Present tense 는 Future tense 으 ㄹ |
|
AV(으)면 안 되다 |
May not(permission) means the behavior is not allowed |
|
|
V-(으) ㄴ/는데, 인데 |
Whereas, but, yet, while. Is an expression introducing a contrastive fact to the following clause. |
|
|
께 |
To somebody from somebody in honorific |
|
|
AV-아/어/여 드리다/주시다 |
To do a favor in honorific terms. |
|