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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ansel Adams |
american photographer in the 1920's-30's Photographed life in interment camps and showed how people that were being accused of not being americans were playing american game like volleyball, football and baseball |
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Characteristics of traditional sports |
little organization, specialization, rationalization, information or rules or records typically required strength skill and reflected manliness and honor Ex; boxing, gouging, horse racing, hunting and cockfighting |
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Characteristics of modern sports |
Secularism, equality, bureaucratization, specialization, rationalization, quantification, records |
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The role of gambling, drinking and tests of physical prowess |
Gambling and sport are deeply intertwined- in boxing it served as payment, it was almost the entire point of cockfighting, it was also a way to demonstrate social rank (espically in the south) In many cases, saloons were the hub from which sport was organized Tests of physical prowess was central to why many people participated in sport |
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Traditional Culture in European- leisure or labor |
European culture favored leisure, in the colonies work was favored- free time should get you ready for work or serve god |
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The rights of Englishmen according to King James |
The were allowed to participate after afternoon services allowed to engage in archery, dancing, and vaulting- not allowed to use any weapons as long as it didn't interfere with church you were good |
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What was the favorite sport in Virginia gentry |
Horse racing for high stakes, often betted more than a years salary |
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What sporting even in the colonies would you find men from all classes |
Horse racing would attract people from all walks of life |
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Patterns in colonial sports |
bloody, male dominated sports horse racing was very popular in the south almost no elements of modern sports |
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What was the sporting fraternity |
AKA the Fancy- men that were unmarried or spent a lot of time away from family Working class, most of whom were Irish participated in boxing, prize fighting, rat baiting, cockfighting |
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Where does the word Fan come from |
from the fancy |
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themes and patterns of prize fighting |
starts out being very popular, and is spread with help from the civil war by the end of the 19th century it begins to loose popularity- being replace by baseball and college athletics Promotion by the YMCA helps to spread less violent sports was illegal in most places so they were held in shady places |
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Yankee Sullivan |
bareknuckle boxer, champion until he lost to John Morrissey Sentenced to labor in Australia moves to the US and becomes champion when Hyer retires spends life as a political enforcer |
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Tom Molineaux |
Black fighter in Britain and Ireland Born as a slave and moves to England |
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Richard Kyle Fox |
Founder of the National Police Gazette |
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John "old Smoke" Morrissey |
Irish- American bareknuckle boxer and NY gang member fought Sullivan and became national champion |
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John L. Sullivan |
Heavyweight Irish champion from Boston Went on a cross-country tour and would fight anyone that challenged him Last champion under the London prize ring rules |
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Who was the first national athlete-celebrity |
John L sullivan |
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When, why, and where did baseball develop |
started in 1845 with the New York Knickerbocker club started in Manhattan- and played in the cities was a means of escape for men that were seeking work |
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what factors made baseball the national pastime and when did it become the pastime |
the civil war helped spread it in the late 1870's it really takes off |
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What was the first professional baseball team |
the Cincinnati red stockings in 1869 |
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when and why did baseball begin to decline in popularity |
in the 1960's due to increases in popularity of sports like football and basketball also the fact that it is not really a good sport for TV |
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Alexander Cartwright |
One of the fathers of baseball thought to have drawn the first diagrams of a field part of the knickerbocker rules which are the foundations of modern rules |
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John Montgomery Ward |
Major league pitcher, shortstop and manager From Bellefonte led the first players union founded the Players' league |
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Moses Fleetwood Walker |
Credited as the first black player before the color line played for the toledo blue stockings until the color line in 1889 |
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A.G Spalding |
National league Former play, turned businessman was involved in shutting down the players league, which had more fans but the NL could out fund the player league Did overseas missions to try and spread the game |
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Rational recreation |
The idea the leisure activities should be controlled, ordered and improving departure from traditional activities Amateurism was encouraged |
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Muscular Chrisianity |
Used Christian hero's as an example to get people in shape Perpetuated by the YMCA thought that sport could be used along with religion to further morals |
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What sports did the YMCA contribute to American Society |
Baseball football rowing swimming bowling and weightlifting Was especially influential in spreading basketball- which could be played year round |
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Pedestrianism |
long distance foot races walking |
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Where did american football begin? What British form of football gave birth to american football |
it originated from ruguby and association football started in prep schools in 1855- then to colleges First intercollegiate game 1869, Rutgers vs. Princeton |
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The strenuous life |
Idea from Theodore Roosevelt the idea that overcoming hardships was essential to the progress of the nation and the world in the 20th century |
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What was the first intercollegiate sport in American history |
Yale vs. Harvard rowing match in 1852 the longest running sporting even in American history |
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Who was the first african american to be the heavyweight champion |
John Arthur "jack" Johnson 1908-1915 |
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The role that Penn State played in integrating college sports |
1) played a scrimmage against Navy 2)in November 1946 the orange bowl in Miami, PSU voted not to go because Wallace Triplett and Dennis Hoggard would not have been allowed to play, the game gets called off |
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Joe Louis |
Heavy weight champion improved the progress of boxing through hard work at a time when boxing was dominated by gambing Black and regarded as the first black national hero integrated golf as well |
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Mack robinson |
Jackie's older brother Silver medalist in the 1936 olympics |
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Fitz Pollard |
First black head coach in the NFL He and Bobby marshal were the first 2 black players |
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Marshal "major" Taylor |
Black cyclist and world champion |
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What role does the super bowl in american society |
it is the most commonly shared experience in american culture It is a holiday that revolves around consumption |
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lingua france
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sport and the olympics in particular represent a common language for americans and the world |
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William James |
had the concept that sport was the moral equivalent of war thought that sport could replace wars |
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Baseballs great experiment, and why Jackie |
it was the beginnings of baseball integrating Jackie is chosen because he was a veteran, 4 sport athlete and he agreed not to respond to any of the insults that he would receive |
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What were the patterns in desegreation in college sports |
bigger schools in the deep south were slower to integrate Schools closer to the mason Dixon line integrated sooner private religious schools would take longer to desegregate |
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what even attracted the most radio listeners of all time |
the Joe Louis Max Schmling heavyweight fight of 1938 fought in yankee stadium infront of 100,000 people 2/3's of all radios were tuned in Joe Louis wins in the first round Pitted black vs white, US vs Nazi germany |
