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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is energy? What types of energy are there?
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The capacity or ability to do work
TYPES: Chemical, Mechanical, Heat, Light, Electrical or Nuclear |
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Human movement is performed by taking the chemical energy in food and transforming it into ____________ energy.
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stored
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What chemical compound is made from the breakdown of food that allows the cells of the body to work?
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ATP
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Describe the chemical compound ATP in simple terms.
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stored chemical energy linking the energy-yielding & energy-requiring functions of all cells
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What is used to manufacture ATP – how does your body produce it?
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chemical reactions; phosphagen system, anaerobic respiration, and aerobic respiration
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What are the systems for ATP production in the body?
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ATP-PC system, Lactic Acid system, Oxidative systems
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How does anaerobic metabolism differ from aerobic metabolism
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it requires no oxygen
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Describe the chemical compound phosphocreatine in simple terms.
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high energy phosphagen; stored in muscle cell
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How much energy is produced by the ATP-PC system? (A lot or a little?)
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little
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How many seconds of all out exercise will the ATP-PC system support?
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3-5 and up to 10-15 seconds
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Give some examples of activities that will use predominately the ATP-PC system.
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sprinters, football players, high jumpers
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What ways can you enhance storage of creatine phosphate in the cells? What happens if you deplete those stores?
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if you have bigger muscles then you are able to store more creatine. Regain in 3-5 minus of rest
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What fuel is used to perform anaerobic glycolysis?
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breakdown of carbs
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What is the end product of anaerobic glycolysis?
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Lactic acid
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Where does your body store glucose? Glycogen?
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muscle
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About how many minutes of high intensity work will anaerobic glycolysis support?
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3 minutes
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What is the limiting factor for anaerobic glycolysis?
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production of lactic acid
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Compare the production of lactic acid in maximal and submaximal exercise
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Lactic acid is produced when high intensity and not sufficient oxygen. Training just below lactic acid overload is optimal for intense workouts
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What happens when lactic acid builds up in the muscles from high intensity work?
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Burning sensation
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Explain the difference between anaerobic and aerobic glycolysis.
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More ATP produced in aerobic = longer amount of energy expenditure
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What role does protein metabolism play in the production of energy?
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only 5-15% MAX. Don't use protein as a major energy source b/c you want to build protein, not break it down
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Where does fat enter into aerobic metabolism?
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It is where most of the potential energy is stored enters through the krebs cycle
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How much ATP energy is produced from the aerobic metabolism of one mole/unit of fat? Is this more or less than the amount produced by the breakdown of carbohydrate?
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120 - 160 ATP
it is more than 1 mole of carb (36 ATP) |
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What does the statement “fat burns in the flame of carbohydrate” mean? What are the implications for nutrition and performance?
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burning fat is better than burning carbs
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Is it good advice to exercise at a low exercise intensity so that you “burn more fat?” Why or why not
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yes -- if you burn more fat you will lose more weight
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How can you tell if an activity is primarily aerobic or anaerobic?
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??
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Are you producing energy primarily aerobically or anaerobically at rest? What percent of your calories come from fat? What percent from carbohydrate? How much lactic acid do you produce?
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Aerobic
2/3 come from fats & 1/3 from carbs. Low lactate level |
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What determines how energy is produced during exercise?
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Intensity of exercise, state of training, and diet
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Which of the potential fuel stores in your body have the greatest potential energy?
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Aerobic
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What is the primary fuel during very low intensity exercise? What happens as you increase exercise intensity?
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Fat. As you increase exercise intensity you burn carb
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