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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cohesion |
Writers can ensure that a text 'sticks together' i.e. reference, ellipsis, etc. |
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Colloquialism |
an establishment set of informal terms used in everyday language. |
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Dialect |
The language variety of geographical regionor social background revealed by the variation in lexical and grammatical terms. |
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Assonance |
The repetition of vowel sounds for effect. |
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Alliteration |
a sequence of words starting with the same letter. e.g. 'lovely lemons', 'humourous hungry hippos' |
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Preposition |
a class of words uswed to prepositional phrases. |
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Prefix |
The extra small word you can add at the beginning of a word to change its meaning. e.g. unhappy |
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Transcript |
an naccurate written record of a conversation or monologue, including hesitations and pauses. |
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Slang |
colloquial language that is inventive and particular to individuals or groups. |
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Synonymy |
words with very similar semantic meaning. |
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Active / Passive voice |
Transitive verbs (verbs thst take an object) can be used:
Active - The dog bit him. Passive - He was bitten. |
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Suffix |
The extra word you can add to the end of the word. e.g. happyness |
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Tag Question |
a geoup of words that turn a declarative into an interrogative. e.g. 'it's cold' becomes 'it's cold, isn't it?' |
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Prosodic features |
Paralinguistic vocal elements of spoken language used to provide emphasis or other effects. |
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Subtext |
an underlying and often distinct theme in a piece of writing or conversation. |
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Pronoun |
I, You, He/She, them |
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Premodification |
comes before the headword in a noun phrase. |
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Sociolect |
a defined use of language as a result of membership of a social group.
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Accent |
The specific way words are pronounced according to geographical region. |
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Grammar |
Is used to refer to the rules by which words are changed and ordered to form sentences. |
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Phoneme |
The sound of the language. |
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Semantics |
The framework that deals with meaning and how that is generated within texts. |
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Lexis |
The word that carrys meaning, in contrast with those that are used to glue a sentence together. |
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Pragmatics |
Giving information. |
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Polysemy |
Some words have more than one meaning and this can cause ambiguity. e.g. bank - money, bank - riverbank dove - bird, dove - diving |
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Adjacency pairs |
Two utterances by different speakers that have a natural and logical link, anfd complete an idea together. |
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Morpheme |
The lowest unit of language that can convey a meaning. - you cannot break a morpheme down into anything smaller that has its own meaning. |
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Homophone |
Words which sound the same but are written differently with different meanings. e.g. meet - to meet meat - food |
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Superlative |
Adjectives inflected with 'est' or combines with 'most' are in the superlative form. |
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Imperative |
used to make commands. |
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Idiolect |
An individual style of speaking or linguistic fingerprint. |
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Parallelism |
The repetition of a pattern or structure in related words, phrases or clauses. |
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Onomatopoeia |
A word that sounds like what it is descibing. e.g. 'bang', 'crash' and 'crack'. |
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Taboo |
A word that is 'forbidden'. |
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Compound Sentence |
a sentence containing two or more main clauses connected by coordinating conjunctions or seperated by punctuation (semi-colon). |
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Conjunction |
A class of words that are used to join together words, phrases or clauses. |
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Connotation |
An associated, symbolic meaning relying on culturally shared conventions. |
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Contraction |
A form of word shortening in which letters are removed from the middle of the word. |
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Declarative |
Sentences that are used to make statements. |
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Jargon |
Particuarly specialist terminology that may exclude others. |
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Interrogative sentences |
are used to ask questions. |
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Ellipsis |
missing words in a sentence purposefully. |
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Ellision |
The missing out of sounds or parts of words in speech or writing. |
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Euphemism |
A socially acceptable word or phrase used to avoid talking about something potentially distasteful. |
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Fillers |
words used to fill up a pause to tell another person they are thinking of what to say next. e.g. 'like', 'umm' |
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Exclamative |
sentences that are used in exclamations. |
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Genre |
The category or type of a text, such as: comedy, tragedy, horror. |
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Discourse Structure |
The organisation of ideas. e.g. discourse markers 'right' or 'okay' |
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Denotation |
A strict dictionary meaning of a lexical term. |
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Noun |
a naming word. |
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Connotation |
a symbolic meaning. |
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Adjective |
a describing word. |
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Conjunction |
a class of words used to join together words, phrase or clauses. |
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Modal Auxiliary Verbs |
These suggest the attitude of the speaker/writter. should, could, would, might, may, can, will, must |
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Tautology |
unnecessary repetition of a concept. e.g. unmarried batchelor, two twins |
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Verb |
a doing word. |
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Taboo |
a word that is forbidden. e.g. swear words |
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Adverb |
word that modififies an adjective or verb. |
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Standard English |
The correct way of speaking. |