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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Motherboard/ System Board |
main circuit of the computer |
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ALU (arithmetic logic unit) |
component of the processor, performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations |
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Machine Cycle |
fetching, decoding, executing, storing |
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Fetching |
obtaining a program, application instruction, or data item from memory |
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Decoding |
translating the instruction into signals the computer can execute |
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Executing |
process of carrying out the commands |
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Storing |
writing the result to memory |
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System Clock |
quartz crystal circuit that controls the timing of all operations |
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Clock Cycle |
each tick of system clock |
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Superscalar |
execution of more than one instruction per cycle |
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Clock Speed |
number of ticks per second |
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Volatile Memory |
temporary |
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Nonvolatile Memory |
permanent |
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Dynamic RAM |
chips must be reenergized constantly |
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Static RAM |
faster and more reliable than DRAM, does not have to be reenergized as often |
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SIMM (single inline memory module) |
pins on opposite sides of the circuit board, form a single set of contacts |
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DIMM (dual inline memory module) |
pins on opposite sides that do not connect, form two sets of contacts |
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L1 Cache |
built directly on the processor chip, very small capacity |
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L2 Cache |
slower than L1, larger capacity |
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L3 Cache |
built on motherboard and separate from chip |
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CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) |
uses battery power to retain information even when computer is off |
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System Bus/ Front Side Bus |
part of the motherboard that connects the processor to main memory |
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Backside Bus |
connects processor to cache |
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Expansion Bus |
allows processor to communicate with peripheral devices |
