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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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metabolism
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The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in the body. Can be divided into two reaction types.
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catabolic reactions
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break down large chemicals and release energy
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anabolic reactions
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build up large chemicals and require energy
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Ingestion
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the acquisition of food and other raw materials.
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digestion
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The process of converting food into usable soluble form so that it can pass through membranes in the digestive tract and enter the body.
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Absorption
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The passage of nutrient molecules through the lining of the digestive tract into the body proper. Absobed molecules pass through cells lining the digestive tract by diffusion and active transport.
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Transport
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The circulation of essential compounds required to nourish the tissues and the removal of waste from tissues.
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Assimilation
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The building up of new tissues from digestive food.
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Respiration
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The consumption of O2 by the body. Cells use O2 to convert glucose--> ATP, a ready source of energy for cellular activities.
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Excretion
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The removal of waste products (CO2, H2O, and urea) produced during metabolic processes like respiration and assimilation.
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Synthesis
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The creation of complex molecules from simple ones (anabolism).
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Regulation
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The control of physiological activities.
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Homeostasis
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The body's metabolism functions to maintain its internal environment in a changing external environment. Includes regulation by hormones and nervous system.
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Irritability
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The ability to respond to a stimulus and is part of regulation.
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Growth
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An increase in size caused by a synthesis of new materials
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Photosynthesis
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The process by which plants convert CO2 + H20 --> carbohydrates. Sunlight is harnessed by chlorophyll to drive this reaction.
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Reproduction
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The generation of additional individuals of a species.
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