Kaplan Fundamental Test

Front 1

How to do a general assessment

Back 1

Inspection

Palpate

Percussion

Auscultation how

Front 2

How to do an abdominal assessment

Back 2

Inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpitationhow

Front 3

How to check temperature

Back 3

Use dorsum of fingers for temperature

Front 4

How to assess moveable structure of the kidneys

Back 4

Use bimanual palpitation ( both hands)

Place sensing hand lightly on skin surface, place active hand over sensing hand and apply pressure

Front 5

Types is percussion

Back 5

Direct-strike body surface with 1 or 2 fingers

Indirect percussion-strike finger or hand placed over body surface

Blunt-use reflex hammer to check deep tendon reflexes or use blunt to assess costovertebral angle tenderness

Front 6

What is resonance?

Back 6

Moderate to loud sounds, low pitche (clear or hollow) sound of moderate duration, found with air filled tissue ( normal lung)

Front 7

What is hyperresonance

Back 7

High pitch booming, loud low pitched sound of longer duration found with over inflated air filled tissue. (Fluid emphysema) normal in a child due to chest wall

Front 8

What is tymphany

Back 8

Loud, drum like, high- pitched or musical sound of moderately long duration found with enclosed air filled structures (bowel)

Front 9

Define dull

Back 9

Soft, muffled moderate to high pitches sound of short duration found with dense fluid filled tissue (liver)

Front 10

Define flat

Back 10

Very soft, high pitched sound of short duration found with dense tissue (bone, muscle)

Front 11

Normal pulse of newborn

Back 11

120-140

Front 12

Normal breath per min for newborn

Back 12

30-60

Front 13

Normal bp for newborn

Back 13

65/41

Front 14

Normal respiration for age 1-4

Back 14

20-40

Front 15

Normal pulse for 1-4 year old

Back 15

70-110

Front 16

Normal bp for 1-4

Back 16

90/55

Front 17

Normal bp for 5-12 year old

Back 17

100/60

Front 18

Normal RR per min in 5-12 yr old

Back 18

16-22

Front 19

Normal HR in a 5-12! Year old

Back 19

60-95

Front 20

Normal adult bp

Back 20

120/80

Front 21

Normal RR in an adult

Back 21

12-20

Front 22

Normal HR

Back 22

60-100

Front 23

What’s apnea

Back 23

Stop breathing

Front 24

What’s cheyes-stroke respiration

Back 24

Breathing characterized by rhythmic waxing and waning of depth of respiration

Front 25

What’s dysnea

Back 25

Difficulty breathing

Front 26

Define hyperapnea

Back 26

Hyperventilating

Front 27

What’s hypo ventilation

Back 27

Produces acidosis due to elevation of co2

Front 28

Kussmal respiration

Back 28

Very deep and rapid respiration, hunger for air

Front 29

Orthopnea

Back 29

Difficult breathing when lying down

Front 30

Paradoxical respiration

Back 30

Opposite to normal

Front 31

Cyanosis

Back 31

Bluish discoloration of the skin

Front 32

What’s stridor

Back 32

Harsh or high pitched respiratory sound caused by obstruction of the air passages

Front 33

Taking blood pressure in the arm should only be a difference by

Back 33

5-10

Front 34

What’s hiruitism

Back 34

Excessive hair

Front 35

Alopecia is

Back 35

Loss or thinning of hair

Front 36

What’s ptosis

Back 36

Dropping of eye lids

Front 37

Define nystagmus

Back 37

Involuntary rapid eye movements

Front 38

Strabismus is

Back 38

Lazy eye. Involuntary drifting of one eye out of alignment of with the other eye

Front 39

How to examine an adult ear

Back 39

Pinna up and back

Front 40

How to examine infants and children less than 3 ears

Back 40

Pinna down and back

Front 41

Weber’s test for

Back 41

Assessed bone conduction. Activate tuning fork and immediately place on midline of skull, ask if heard louder in one ear

Front 42

Rinne test

Back 42

This is a comparison of air to bone conduction placed of mastoid process. When client no longer hears sound; positioned front of ear canal normal

Front 43

Olfactory

Back 43

Cn1- sense of smell

Front 44

Optic nerve

Back 44

Cn2- sense of vision

Front 45

Oculomotor

Back 45

Cn3 - pupils constrict and raising of eye lids

Front 46

Trochlear

Back 46

Cn4- downwards, inwards movement of eyes

Front 47

Trigeminal

Back 47

Cn5: able to clench and relax jaw, sensory of face

Front 48

Abducens

Back 48

Cn6- move eyes in all directions

Front 49

Cn7

Back 49

Facial- smile, whistle, wrinkle forehead, different taste

Front 50

Cn8

Back 50

Acoustic-hearing, balance and walking

Front 51

Cn9:

Back 51

Glossopharyngeal- able to swallow, taste and gag reflex

Front 52

CN 10

Back 52

Vagus-swallow and speak

Front 53

Spinal accessory nerve

Back 53

Cn11- flex/rotate head shrug shoulders

Front 54

Hypoglossal nerve

Back 54

Cn12- move tongue side to side and stick it out

Front 55

Fears of surgery for developmental stages

Back 55

Toddler: fear separation

Preschool- fear mutilation, allow child to play with a model and encourage questions

School age- fear losing control

Adolescences- fear losing independence

Front 56

Where is popiteal pulse found

Back 56

Back of knee

Front 57

Where is temporal

Back 57

Lateral to eyes

Front 58

Posterior tibial pulse

Back 58

On the inner side of ankle

Front 59

Apical pulse found where

Back 59

On the left of the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line

Front 60

Where is brachial pulse found

Back 60

Over the groove between the biceps and triceps muscle

Front 61

Femoral pulse

Back 61

Below the inguinal ligament, midway the symphysis pubis and anterior superior illiac spine

Front 62

Radial pulse

Back 62

Side of the wrist

Front 63

Dorsalis pedis

Back 63

Along the top of the door between extension tendons of the great and first toe

Front 64

Factors that influence respiration

Back 64

Fear, anxiety, medication and disease

Front 65

What factors influence bp

Back 65

Disease, medication, anxiety, cardiac output, peripheral resistance, blood volume, blood viscosity, age, weight and exercise

Front 66

Factors that influence pulse rate and rhythm

Back 66

Medication, pathology, exercise, age, gender, temperature, bp, serum electrolyte

Front 67

Normal ph of urine

Back 67

Ph 4.6-8.0

Color should be pale to amber

Have a specific gravity: 1.010-1.030,

Red blood cells- 0-2

Front 68

What age should breast examination begin

Back 68

Begin 18-20, examine a week after period begins. If not menstruating examine at a routine time such as 1st day of month

Front 69

Steps of breast self exam

Back 69

Arms at sides, arms above head and hands on hips

Front 70

Menopause begins

Back 70

45-60 years

Front 71

Menstruation begins

Back 71

Age 10-15

Front 72

Physical assessment

Back 72

Inspection-looking, listening and smelling

Palpation- use of touch

Percussion: tapping fingers or hands against parts of the body

Auscultation- smell

Front 73

Name the levels of disease prevention

Back 73

Primary- health promotion

Secondary- early diagnosis and prompt treatment

Tertiary- restoration and rehabilitation to minimize effects of the disease

Front 74

Lead poisoning symptoms

Back 74

nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, decreased activity, hematologic blood, kidney and central nervous system effects

Front 75

Lead poison sources

Back 75

Plaster, paint, gasoline, soil, pipes, pottery

Front 76

Dtap vaccines

Back 76

Given at 2, 4, 6, 18 months and at age 4-6

Dtap includes ( tb, pertussis, diptheria)

Front 77

When is hep b given

Back 77

Birth, 1-4 months, 6-18 months

Front 78

Describe when hpv is given

Back 78

3 dose series starting at age 11-12

Front 79

When is rotavirus given

Back 79

2, 4, 6 months

Front 80

When to give pollio vaccine

Back 80

2 months, 4 months, 6-18 months, 4-6 years

Front 81

Haemphilus influenzas type b given

Back 81

2 months, 4 months and 12-15 months

Front 82

What are smokers at risk for

Back 82

Copd, coronary heart disease, hypertension, head and neck cancer, peripheral vascular disease, laryngeal cancer, lung cancer

Front 83

How to help client stop smoking

Back 83

Behavior modification

Nicotine patches or replacement

Support groups

Front 84

Purpose of Weber test

Back 84

Assesses bone conduction

Vibrating tuning fork placed in middle of forehead

Normal finding after using Weber is heat sound equally in both ears

Front 85

What is the Rinne test for

Back 85

Compares bone conduction with air conduction

When client no longer hears sound fork is positioned in front of ear canal

Front 86

How to assess balance

Back 86

Use Romberg test

Front 87

How to check ear for tympanic membrane for an adult or child

Back 87

Adult: pull pinna up and back for an adult

Child: pull pinna down and back for infant under 3 to straighten ear canal

Front 88

Stage 1 hypertension

Back 88

130 to 139 or 80 to 89

Front 89

Stage 2

Back 89

140/ 90

Front 90

Elevated hypertension

Back 90

Systolic 120 o129

Front 91

Normal hypertension

Back 91

Systolic less than 120/less 80

Front 92

What is fistula

Back 92

Abnormal tube like passage between two body cavities or between one body cavity and the body surface

Front 93

Assessment questions to ask a smoker

Back 93

Pack years = number of pack smoked times number of packs per day

Front 94

Which blood type is universal donar

Back 94

O

Front 95

Which blood type is universal recipient

Back 95

AB

Front 96

Low Fowler

Back 96

15-30 degrees

Front 97

Semi Fowlers

Back 97

30-45 degrees

Front 98

Fowler’s

Back 98

45-60

Front 99

High fowler

Back 99

60-90

Front 100

What scale is used to test level of consciousness

Back 100

Glosgow coma scale,

<7 means coma

15= alert and oriented

Front 101

Normal bmi

Back 101

18.5-24.9

Front 102

Obesity

Back 102

30-30.9

Front 103

Overweight

Back 103

25-29.9

Front 104

Underweight

Back 104

Less than 18.5

Front 105

What does RACE mean for fire

Back 105

R= rescue or move client from immediate danger

A=activate alarm

C=contain the fire by closing the doors

E=extinguish the fire

Front 106

What is absence of menstral cycle

Back 106

Amenorrhea

Front 107

Painful menstrual cycle is

Back 107

Dysmenorrhea