Kaplan Egans Fundamentals Of Respiratory Care Nith Edition Chapter 1 To 7

Front 1

Who is called the " Father of Medicine" historically?

Back 1

Hippocrates

Front 2

Where are most RCP's employed?

Back 2

Acute Care Facilities

Front 3

According to Egan, what are the expected roles of a Respiratory Therapist?

Back 3

RT's apply scientific principles to prevent, identify, and treat acute or chronic dysfunction of the cardiopulmonary system.

Front 4

What type of solutions are used in "Bland" aerosol therapy?

Back 4

sterile water or saline

Front 5

What is a "Mode" of mechanical ventilation?

Back 5

a setting

Front 6

Which "Mode" was used on ealrly vents?

Back 6

assist control

Front 7

According to Egans, what is the difinition of "Evidence Based Medicine"?

Back 7

an approach to determining optimal clinical management based on several practices.
1. Rigorous and systemic review of available evidence.

2. Critical analysis of evidence to determine what management conclusions are most sound and applicable.

3.diciplined approach to incorporate literature with personal practice and experience.

Front 8

Medical Director of Respiratory Care

Back 8

Professionally responsible for the clinical function of the department and provides oversight for care that is delivered.
Ussually a Pulmonologist or Anesthesiologist.

Front 9

What are the functions of NBRC organization?

Back 9

National Board for Respiratory Care.
Credentialing body for Respiratory Therapists.
Administers Certification examinations .

Front 10

What are the functions of CoARC organization?

Back 10

Committee on Accredetation for Respiratory care.
Creates guidelines for respirartory care educational programs.
Accredits todays respiratory care educational programs.

Front 11

What are the functions of AARC organization?

Back 11

American Association for Respiratory Care.
Profesional organization for RTs.
Mission is to encourage and to promote professional excellence, advance the science of respiratory care and serve as an advocate for patients, families, the public, and the respiratory therapist.
Sponsors educational activities, seminars, publications, and websites.

Front 12

What are the functions of ACCP organization?

Back 12

American College of Chest Physicians.
One of the 4 organizations that sponsors CoARC.
Identified the elements of an acceptable respiratory care protocol.

Front 13

What is "Licensure"?

Back 13

The process in which a government agency gives an individual permission to practice an occupation. Typically a license is granted only after the applicant has demonstrated the minimum competency necessary to protect public safety or welfare.
Licensure regulations are based on a practice act that defines what activities the professional can perform.

Front 14

What are the functions of HIPAA organization?

Back 14

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996.
Sets standards regarding the way sensitive health care information is communicated and revealed in the transmission of medical records in the written and verbal communication of imformation in the hospital.

Front 15

What factors limit the effectiveness of patient focused care models?

Back 15

decentralizing equipment and extensive crosstraining.

Front 16

Who should monitor the correctness of respiratory care plans?

Back 16

institutional monitoring practices.
Centralized government monitoring bodies (TJC The Joint Commision).

Front 17

Define and explain the use of Respiratory Care Protocol.

Back 17

Guidelines for delivering appropriate respiratory care, treatments, and services.
They are used to improve allocation of respiratory care services.

Front 18

What element make up a Respiratory Care Plan?

Back 18

carefully structured assesment tool and care plan form.

Front 19

What is a Peer Review Organization and what does it do?

Back 19

Developed by the federal government to evaluate the quality and appropriateness of care given to medicare beneficiaries.
They evaluate care provided to individual patients in real time to asses and ensure compliance with federal guidelines.

Front 20

What is the primary pupose for Quality Assurance?

Back 20

Required by the TJC to provide a system for controlling quality.
An evaluation of services provided and results achieved as compared to accepted standards.

Front 21

What are the nine steps for a Quality Assurance Plan?

Back 21

1. Identify problems.
2. Determine the cause of the problems.
3. Rank problems.
4. Develop strategies for resolving problems.
5. Develop appropriate measurement techniques.
6. Implement problem-resolution strategies.
7. Analyze and compile results of the intervention.
8. Report results to appropriate personnel.
9. Evaluate intervention outcome.

Front 22

What are the specific methods to monitor the quality of respiratory care protocols?

Back 22

Conducting care plan audits in real time and ensuring practitioner training by using case study exercises.

Front 23

How can the correctness of respiratory care plans be monitored and who may conduct them?

Back 23

Monitoring can be accomplished by using a care plan audit system.
Care plan auditors must therapists who are experienced in providing respiratory care and patient assesment.
The auditors will write a care plan for a selected patient and compare it with the care plan written by the therapist evaluator to determine correctness.

Front 24

What body position is typical for people with difficulty breathing?

Back 24

upright, arms flexed, and thorax leaning forward.
Tripodding.

Front 25

What is Ambulation?

Back 25

Walking.
Helps maintain normal body function.
Ambulation should begin as soon as the patient is physiologically stable and free from severe pain.

Front 26

What factors explains why voltage can seriously damage one person and have no effect to another person?

Back 26

The degree of resistance offered by the skin varies from person to person based on the chemistry of the persons skin, the cleanliness of the skin, and the amount of moisture on the surface.
It is never wise to touch a potentially hot wire even though your skin is dry.

Front 27

What represent s the greatest danger to you or your patients when electrical shorts occur?

Back 27

The Current represents the greatest danger.

Front 28

The harmful effects of current depend on what factors?

Back 28

1. The amount of current flowing through the body.
2. The path it takes.
3. The duration the current is applied.

Front 29

What are the safety risk associated with electrical shock?

Back 29

Ventrical fibrilation.
Diaphragm dysfunction.
Death.
Damage to vital organs.

Front 30

What factors influence verbal communication?

Back 30

- internal factors.
- sensory/ emotional factors.
- environmental factors.
- verbal expressions.
- nonverbal expressions.

Front 31

What are the internal factors which influence verbal communication?

Back 31

previous experiences, attitudes, values, culture, heritage, religous beliefs, self concepts, listening habits, preoccupation, feelings, and illness.

Front 32

What are the sensory/emotional factors which influence verbal communication?

Back 32

Fear, stress, anxiety, pain, mental acuity, hypoxia, brain damage, sight/hearing/speech impairment.

Front 33

What are the environmental factors which influence verbal communication?

Back 33

lighting, noise, privacy, distance, temperature.

Front 34

What are the verbal expressions which influence verbal communication?

Back 34

language barrier, jargon, choice of words/questions, feedback, voice tone.

Front 35

What are the nonverbal expressions which influence verbal communication?

Back 35

body movement, facial expressions, dress, professionalism, warmth, interest.

Front 36

What factors are barriers of effective communication?

Back 36

- use of symbols/words that have different meanings.
- different value systems.
- emphasis on status.
- conflict of interest.
- lack of acceptance of differences in point of views, feelings, values, or purposes.
- feelings of personal insecurity.

Front 37

Which web-based resource includes data bases, journals, books, and searching software?

Back 37

Ovid
- is an extensive collection of web-based info resources, including data-bases, journals, books and searching software.

Front 38

When doing google searches, how can the search criteria be narrowed?

Back 38

Google search criteria can be narrowed by the use of:
-specific terms.
-site search.
-the define function.
-the refine function.
-quotation marks.

Front 39

What core functions make-up an electronic health record?

Back 39

Core functions of an electronic health record would include:
-medical records.
-results reporting.
-computerized physician order entry.
-clinical decision support.
-electronic communication channels between healthcare providers and patients.
-patient entered data.

Front 40

What general types of medications are deliverable as an aerosol by an RT?

Back 40

Aerosol meds that can be delivered by an RT:
-Bronchodilators.
-Mucolytics.
-Antibiotics.
-Anti-inflamatory.

Front 41

What is the mission statement of the AARC?

Back 41

The mission statement of the AARC:

To encourage and promote professional excellence, advance the science and practice of Respiratory Care and serve as an advocate for patients, families, public, the profession, and the respiratory therapist.

Front 42

Which organization is responsible for accrediting RT education programs in the US and what groups make-up this organization?

Back 42

CoARC-
is responsible for accrediting RT educational programs in the US, it is made up of:
-CAAHEP: comission on accreditation of health education programs.
-CHEA: council for higher education accreditation.

Front 43

What is The NBRC responsible for?

Back 43

National Board for Respiratory Care.
Credentialing body for Respiratory Therapists.
Administers Certification examinations .

Front 44

What are the responsibilities of a departments medical director?

Back 44

The medical director is responible for he clinical function of the department, provide oversight of the clinical care that is delivered and develop and approve department clinical policies and procedures.

Front 45

What credentials can be earned in the respiratory care profession?

Back 45

The 2 credentials that can be earned in Respiratory therapy are
-CRT: certified respiratory therapist
-RRT: registered respiratory therapist

Front 46

What does HIPAA stand for and what are its reponsibilities?

Back 46

HIPAA- Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. This act sets standards regarding how sensitive healthcare information is communicated and revealed in the transmission of medical records and in the written and verbal communication of information in the hospital.

Front 47

What method has been devised to improve the allocation of respiratory care services in hospitals?

Back 47

Respiratory care protocols are devised in an effort to improve the allocation of respiratory care services in the hospital

Front 48

What does licensure ensure?

Back 48

Licensure ensures that applicant has demonstrated the minimum competency necessary to protect the public health, safety, or welfare.

Front 49

What elements make-up a respiratory protocol?

Back 49

Key elements of a respiratory care protocol
- strong and comitted medical direction.
- capable therapist
- active quality monitoring
- collaborative environment among RTs, MDs, and RNs
- responsiveness of all participants to address and correct problems

Front 50

What activities make-up quality assurance?

Back 50

Qualified and commited medical director, along with capable RTs, and can be enhanced by well-constructed respiratory care protocols.

Front 51

How can a therapists improve sending communication?

Back 51

The RT can improve sending communication by
- Share info rather than telling.
- Seek to relate to people rather than controlthem
- value disagreement as much as agreement
- Use effective nonverbal communication techniques

Front 52

What events are considered primary sources of conflict in an organization?

Back 52

Primary sources of conflict in an organization
- Poor communication
- Structural problems
- Personal Behavior
- Role conflict

Front 53

When an RT is performing a physical exam of a patient's thorax, where in the problem-oriented medical record should this information be placed?

Back 53

A RT assessment of the thorax should be placed in the progress notes in SOAP format.
Subjective
Objective
Assesment
Plan

Front 54

What info should be reported in the subjective section of a SOAP note?

Back 54

The subjective section on a SOAP note contains info obtained from the patient, their relatives or a similar source.

Front 55

What is PubMed?

Back 55

PubMed is the national library of medicine's free search engine for health information that searches several databases.

Front 56

What is a fire wall and how is it used?

Back 56

Firewalls filter the exchange of data between the internet and local networks by verifying users' identification, passwords, and registered internet addresses and restricting certain types of communication.

Front 57

What was the clinical role of inhalation therapists in the 1940s?

Back 57

Inhalation therapists role in the 1940s. They were just oxygen technicians or oxygen orderlies who could haul cylinders of oxygen and related equipment around the hospital and set up O2 tents, masks and nasal catheters.

Front 58

What was the stimulus for the rebirth of intellectualism in europe in the 12th century?

Back 58

An intellectual rebirth in Europe began in the 12th century, when Medieval universities were formed, and contact with the Arabs in Spain and Sicily reintroduced ancient Greek and Roman texts.

Front 59

What medical device played a prominent role during the polio epidemics of the 1930s and 1940s?

Back 59

A commercial version of the Iron Lung was used extensively during the polio epidemics.

Front 60

What was the purpose of the Boothby, Lovelace and Bulbulian (BLB) mask during world war II?

Back 60

The BLB mask was used to deliver 80-100% oxygen to pilots.

Front 61

What was the name of the first professional association for respiratory therapy?

Back 61

Founded in 1947 in Chicago, the Inhalation Therapy Association (ITA) was the first professional association for the field of respiratory care.

Front 62

Who was the first chairman of the Joint Review Committee for Inhalation therapy in 1970?

Back 62

Dr. Fred Helmholtz

Front 63

What are the primary traits that are characteristics of a professional Respiratory therapist?

Back 63

Respiratory Therapists apply scientific principles to prevent, identify, and treat acute or chronic dysfunction of the cardiopulmonary system.

Front 64

What is the responsibilty of the US Food and Drug Administration?

Back 64

Medical devices are regulated under the Medical Device Amendment Act of 1976, which comes under the authority of the US Food and Drug Administration. The FDA also regulates the drugs delivered by RTs. It is the purpose of the FDA to establish safety and effectiveness standards and to ensure that these standards are met by equipment and pharmaceutical manufacturers.

Front 65

What are the advantages of therapist driven protocols?

Back 65

Advantages are better allocation of respiratory care services without an increaded frequency of resp care treatments and cost savings

Front 66

What therapies are written as therapist driven protocols?

Back 66

aerosol therapy, bronchopulmonary hygiene, oxygen therapy, hyperinflation techniques, suctioning, pulse oximetry, ABG sampling, ventilator weaning, decannulating, tracheostomy, titrating 02

Front 67

What methods are commonly used to monitor the quality of resp care protocol programs?

Back 67

instutional monitoring practices and centralized government monitoring bodies such as The Joint Comission.

Front 68

Who established peer review organizations?

Back 68

federal government

Front 69

What is the definition of evidence based medicine?

Back 69

an approach to determining optimal clinical management based on a rigirous and systematic review of available evidence, a critical analysis of available evidence, to determine what management conclusions are most sound and applicable and a diciplined approach to incorporating the literature with personal practice and experience

Front 70

What is the principle of autonomy?

Back 70

it acknowledges patients personal liberties and right to decide their own course of treatment and follow through a plan on which they freely agree

Front 71

What is the definition of intutionism?

Back 71

an ethical viewpoint that holds that there are certain self evident truths usually based on moral maxims

Front 72

what elements are included in a practice act?

Back 72

scope of professional practice, requirements and qualifications for licensure, exemptions, grounds for administrative action, creation of exam board and processes, penalties and sanctions for unauthorized practice.

Front 73

What question does the dicipline of ethics attempt to answer?

Back 73

how should we act?

Front 74

In what resp therapy protocol has the use of a handheld computer demonstrated shortening of a patients stay in an ICU?

Back 74

integration of a protocol for discontinuation of mechanical ventilator with the use of a handheld computer

Front 75

Define a macroshock hazard?

Back 75

when a high current is applied externally to the skin