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118 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Had the closest appraoch 34,00km from cloud top of Jupiter |
Pioneer 11 1974 |
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Distinct image of Jupiter |
Great Red Spot |
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What did Pioneer 11 observe? |
observed poles and measured mass of one moon |
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Space ship that observed rings and moons and atmosphere |
Voyager 1 and 2 1979 |
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Made 35 orbits before controlled collisoin with Jupiter |
Galileo 1995 |
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What did Galileo do? |
studied all the major moons and sent an atmospheic probe 150km into atmosphere |
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Jupiter is the ___ planet from the sun |
5th |
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Jupiter is the ___th brightest object |
4th |
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Jupiter is inferior or superior? |
superior |
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his means that |
brightest at opposition |
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Jupiter as large as ___" angular size |
50" |
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4 larges moons called |
Galilean Moons |
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Jupiter is ___ Earth masses |
318 |
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Jupiter is _____ mass of all other planets combined |
twice |
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large mass has significant impacts on ___ |
orbits |
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Radius of ___ Earth radii |
11.2 |
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____x Earth's volume |
1400 |
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Average density |
1300kg/m3...which is slighlty more than water |
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Composition of Jupiter |
Mostly H and He |
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What effect does massive gravity of Jupiter have on H and He? |
compresses H and He to 16000x higher density |
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T/F Jupiter radiates more heat than it recieves from teh sun |
true |
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Heat can't be _____ |
radioactivity (like earth) |
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heat can't be ____ |
fusion power (like sun) |
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Best theory: |
Very slow escape of heat generated from planet formation...aka Jupiter is STILL cooling down |
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Jupiter has the same composition as ___ |
stars |
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Although Jupiter has the same composition as stars it needs at least ___x more mass to ignite |
80x more mass to ignite |
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Most stars in our galaxy are part of ... |
binary star systems (2 stars) |
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If Jupiter were large enough to become a star, Earth... |
would have been too hot for life |
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If Jupiter were smaller, inner planets would have.... |
recieved more asteroid collisoins, harmed potential for life |
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Can you determine surface features on jupiter? |
nope |
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Jupiter is similar to the sun because |
it has differential rotation of atmosphere |
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How was the atmospheric rotation measured? |
Doppler technique |
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what produces radio pulse? |
magnetosphere |
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magnetosphere produces radio pulse with ___h___m (sidereal day) |
9h 55m |
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magnetosphere radiation ...assumed to be rotation below/above atmosphere? |
below |
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magnetosphere radiation...this is the same rotation rate as the ___ atmosphere |
polar |
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Centripetal effect __x larger than Earths |
65x |
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Equatorial radius _____km |
71,500 |
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Polar radius is ___km |
66,900km |
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What causes bulging? |
Centripetal effect at equator? |
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Pure H and He would result in ... |
even greater bulge than observed
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Therefore...it must have some kind of |
solid, rocky core of 5-10 Earth masses |
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Two distinct features of atmosphere |
alternating bands and Great Red Spot |
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What is the Great Red spot? |
Hurricane the size of Earth |
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How old is the great red spot |
300 years old |
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What is the atmospheric composition |
86% molecular hydrogen and 13.8% helium |
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_____ too strong for loss of atmosphere |
gravity |
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hydrogen and helium create colored bands of jupiter? |
false |
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what creates the coloured band so helium |
0.2% methane, ammonia, water vapour |
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Atmospheric bands...has alternating convection ____ and ____ |
belts and zones |
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belts |
darker, coulour, gas falling, high pressure |
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zones |
ligher colour, gas rising, low pressure |
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Fast _____ of Jupiter spreads weather across entire circumference, into strips |
Fast roation |
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The colour fot he band depend on... |
what gases dominate...rising atmosphere pushes lower layers up |
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Normal colour of atmosphere |
tan/yello |
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color of ammonia ice |
white/grey |
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colour of ammonia HS |
RED/ORANGE |
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color of water ice |
blue |
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color of lower levels |
deeper red |
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friction between the bands causes large scale |
storms |
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The great red spot _____ the planet at the same speed as the interiro |
circumnaviagates |
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if this was purely an atmospheric phenomenon then it should... |
rotate with the atmosphere and not with interior! |
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The Great red spot is an example of |
a jovian storm |
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Like on Earth, the friction of the cloud layers moving builds up static charge which is visible as |
lightning |
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can view lighting how? |
by satellite on dark side of Jupiter |
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The fact that the storms of Jupiter last so long suggests that ... |
there is very little structure within Jupiter |
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deeper in...pressure increases too much to maintain |
gas (1Mx Earths atmosphere by 20 000 km in) |
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Deeper in...transitions to ____ |
liquid state |
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deeper in...hydrogen becomes ___ |
metallic |
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deeper down, the inner core is |
rocky...5-20 EARTH MASSES |
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Magnetosphere is ____x larger than Earths |
100x |
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Jupiters magnetosphere is ____x stronger than Earth's field |
20,000x |
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Stronger fields = |
faster spin conduction supports dynamo |
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Jupiter has its own ____ _____ ______ equivalent |
Van Allen Belt |
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Magnetosphere has less than ____x more radiation |
1000x |
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magnetosphere is very _____ to all missions |
hazardous |
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Magnetosphere produces spectacular |
aurorae |
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How many moons does jupiter have? |
67...4 of which are Galilean |
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moon orbits are nearly |
circular |
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moons orbit in retrograde or prograde? |
prograde |
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mini galilean model of solar system..prograde orbits = high/low eccentricity |
low |
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mini galilean model of solar system...density increases/decreases with distance |
decreases |
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mini galilean model of solar system..therefore largest planets are |
further out |
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mini galilean model of solar system...inner 2 have... |
rocky mantles, terrestrial crusts, iron/iron/sulfide cores |
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mini galilean model of solar system..water-ice and other light materials further otu |
no idea what these slides are talkin bout |
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Resonance - Inner 3 moon orbital lies in a _____ ratio |
4:2:1 ratio |
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Callisto resonance close to ___ ratio |
10:1 |
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T/F all are close to tidal lock? |
True |
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Most active surface in solar system |
Io |
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Io has very active volacnoes? |
tru |
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But after 16 years of observing Io |
Galileo Orbiter found a very different surface |
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Io has ___ periodically active volcanoes |
80 |
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Io emits more/less than all Earth volcanos |
more |
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Sulfur released from volcanoes causes what colors |
yellow/orange color |
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Io source of energy/ heat |
gravitational heating |
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Is Io in a rotational tidal lcok? |
nope |
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Io...Jupiter causes large tidal bulge |
true |
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What creates second bulge |
Europa |
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Orbit of ___ causes friction as bulges oscillate around mean |
Europa |
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this friction does what to the moon? |
heats it up |
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Europa was observed by |
Voyager |
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Voyager observed |
few craters which indicates activity |
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Dark region of Europa |
rock |
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Has a network of cracks on surface that extend half way across planet
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europa
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Galileo data supports___ interior of Europa |
liquid...life? |
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Europa has potentially ___ km crust |
1km |
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Europa potentally has ___km ocean |
100km |
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Surface of Europa pulled apart and ____filled int he cracks |
liquid |
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hydrovocanism |
water acts as lava |
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Largest moon in solar system |
Ganymede |
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Dark regions of Ganymede are |
oldes, most craters |
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Light regions of Ganymede are |
youngest, least craters |
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Ganymede has evidence of tectonic movement? |
true |
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similar to Ganymede |
Callisto |
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what has more craters ganymede or callisto |
callisto |
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what has 2 large basins |
callisto |
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valhalla is ___km across |
3000km |
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what melted the surface on callisto? |
collison ...which created ripples and then froze |
