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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The lowest level of the federal court system which has a trial court with a judge, a jury and original jurisdiction |
US District Court |
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When only the federal courts have the authority to hear and decide the cases |
Exclusive Jurisdiction |
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The highest level of the federal court system, the final court of appeal, the court of the last resort |
US Supreme Court |
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The middle level of the federal court system which has only appellate jurisdiction |
US Court of Appeals |
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The authority of a court to hear a case for the first time |
Original Jurisdiction |
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When both the state and federal courts have authority to hear cases |
Concurrent Jurisdiction |
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The authority of a court to hear a case coming from a lower court |
Appellate Jurisdiction |
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The first court to have appellate jurisdiction over a case that is appealed from a General District Court |
Virginia Circuit Court |
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When judges base their own decisions on similar cases that were previously decided |
Precedent |
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The power of the judicial branch to review laws and execute actions to determine whether they are constitutional |
Judicial Review |
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A person convicted of a crime in the US District Court has the right to |
Appeal in the US Court of Appeals |
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A person is arrested and case is turned over to a grand jury. If the grand jury indicts the person, the person will be tried in the |
US District Court |
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When a higher court returns a case to a lower court to be retried |
Remand |
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The people who examine the evidence presented at a trial and decide the verdict |
Jury |
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The verdict in a criminal case |
Guilty or Not guilty |
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A lesser crime punishable by less than a year in prison and less than $1000 fine |
Misdemeanor |
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When the defendant is presented with the charges and asked to enter a plea |
Arraignment |
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After the witness testifies for one side, the other side is allowed to |
Cross-examine the witness |
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When the defendant has been found not guilty and is free to go |
Acquittal |
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A case in which the court settles a disagreement between two parties |
Civil Case |
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The person being sued in a civil case |
Defendant |
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The person suing someone else in a civil suit |
Palintaiff |
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The branch of government that has the power to declare Virginia laws unconstitutional. |
State Judicial Branch |
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The right to a lawyer |
Due process |
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People accused of crimes do not have the right to |
Refuse to appear in court |
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A person who has been arrested for serious crime such as murder may be jailed until the trial is held and not be |
not be allowed to post bail |
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The case where the Supreme Court claimed the power of Judicial review |
Marbury v. Madison |
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A person has been arrested and questioned by the police before being informed on his right. This is a violation of the Supreme Court ruling in |
Miranda v. Arizona |
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The amendment which Due Process protections were extended to citizens to protect the from state and local governments |
14th Amendment |
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Amendment that gives us protection from self-incrimination and provides due process which protects us from the federal government |
5th Amendment |
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Article of the Constitution that lists the jurisdiction of the federal courts |
Article III |
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If a person stole a luxury car from Leesburg, was arrested and was found guilty, what court system has jurisdiction and what type of case is this? |
State; Criminal Case |
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If a person has argument with his neighbor about broken fence, what court system has jurisdiction and what type of case is this? |
State; Civil Case |
