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74 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
--- Competitive ---
1) Graph?
2) What is the same?
3) What is different?
2) Vmax
3) Km
--- Uncompetitive ---
1) Graph?
2) What is the same?
3) What is different?
2) nothing
3) Km Vmax
--- Pure Non-Competitive ---
1) Graph?
2) What is the same?
3) What is different?
2) Km
3) Vmax
Pure
Non-Competitive
Uncompetitive
mixed
Competitive
--- Mixed Competition ---
1) Graph?
2) What is the same?
3) What is different?
2) none
3) Vmax Km
Uncompetitive
What units are Kcat in?
AKA...
reciprocal time --- s-1
turnover number
How is Kcat calculated?
Vmax
----------
[ET]

ET=total enzyme
Kcat is the measure of...
enzyme's catalytic efficiency @ saturation
--- Specificity Constant ---
What are the units?
How is it calculated?
sex-1 M-1

Kcat
-------
Km
The *** is more useful for comparing catalytic efficiencies under real-life cellular conditions.
specificity constant
--- Pure Non-Competitive ---
What is the formula for KI?
--- Mixed Non-Competitive ---
What is the formula for KI?
--- Uncompetitive ---
What is the formula for KI?
--- Competitive ---
What is the formula for KI?
--- General Inhibition ---
What is the formula?
--- Graphical Inhibition Estimation ---
What is it called?
What is used to chart it?
Replot Method
X-Axis = [I] mM
Y-Axis = Km/Vmax(slope) for Ki
Y-Axis = 1/Vmax for Ki'
--- Hill Equation ---
1) X-Axis = ???
2) Y-Axis = ???
3) Hill coefficient (h or **) derived from?
4) Dissociation constant (***) derived from?
1) X-Axis = log [S]
2) Y-Axis = log (V/Vmax-V) OR log(0/(1-
0)
3) nh = slope
4) -log Kd = y-intercept
*** ***: a measure of cooperativity between binding sites.
Hill Coefficient
Units for disassociation constants?
mol/L
--- Lineweaver-Burke Plot ---
1) Km?
2) Vmax?
1) -1/x
2) 1/y
--- Ethanol Metabolism ---
1) High energy at *#* kcal/gram while
2) carbs/fats contains are ***/***
3) Not created in mammals because of...
1) 7
2) 4/9
3) pryuvate decarboxylase
--- Disaccharides ---
1) galactose --- glucose
2) fructose --- glucose
3) glucose --- glucose α(1→4)
4) glucose --- glucose α,α-1,1-
1) Lactose
2) Sucrose
3) Maltose
4) Trehalose
Name two reducing sugars.
Lactose
Maltose
Name two nonreducing sugars.
Sucrose
Trehalose
--- MWC Model ---
Basis for Action of Allosteric Effectors
1) Inhibitors bind/stabilize the ***-form, *** the value of L.
2) Activators bind/stabilize the ***form, *** the value of L.
3) These enzymes will fall into either ***-Series or ***-Series.
1) T --- increasing
2) R --- decreasing
3) K --- V
1) These are classifications of the *** Model
2) ***-Series enzymes change apparent Vmax not Km.
3) ***-Series enzymes change apparent Km not Vmax.
1) MWC
2) V-Series
3) K-Series
Inhibition type?
Uncompetitive
Inhibition type?
Non-Competitive
Inhibition type?
Competitive
Inhibition type?
Mixed
*** Inhibition Is a Special Case of Mixed Inhibition
Noncompetitive
--- Hill Equation ---
What THREE things does it tell us?
1) ***(measurand)
2) ***(measurand)
3) if the plot is...
1) h = cooperativity of B.S.(# of B.S.)
2) Kh = binding constant for ligand & proteins(or Kd)
3) hyperbolic or sigmoidal
*** effects: binding of ligand influences binding of a DIFFERENT ligand at DIFFERENT site.
heterotropic
OR
allosteric
*** effects: binding of ligand alters subsequent binding of IDENTICAL ligands at DIFFERENT site.
homotropic
*** *** cooperativity: Binding of 1st ligand increase affinity for binding other different ligands. (e.g. CO2 on O2).
Heterotropic Positive
*** *** cooperativity: Binding of 1st ligand decreases affinity for binding other similar ligands. (e.g. O2 on O2).
Homotropic Negative
*** Model accounts for BOTH positive & negative homotropic cooperativity.
*** Model accounts for ONLY positive homotropic cooperativity.
KNF
MWC
--- Hill Coefficient---
1) h > 1 a LIGAND shows *** cooperativity.
2) h < 1 a LIGAND shows *** cooperativity.
3) h = 1 a LIGAND shows *** cooperativity
1) positive --- ligand increases affinities
2) negative --- ligand decreases affinities
3) no
--- Hill Equation ---
*** is the binding constant.
*** is the dissociation constant.
Kh
Kd
-- Hill Coefficients---
When the h value for an effector goes
1) lower it means it's acting as an...
2) higher it means it's acting as an...
1) positive heterotropic effector(activator)
2) negative heterotropic effector(inhibitor)
--- Hill Equation ---
1) Effector: higher h means it's a *** effector.
2) Ligand: higher h than 1 means has *** cooperativity.
1) negative effector
2) positive
1) KNF Model?
2) MWC Model?
3) *** Model is AKA the Concerted or Symmetry model.
1) Koshlad-Nemethy-Filmer Model
2) Monod-Wyman-Changeux Model
3) MWC
Enzyme w/negative homotropic cooperativity....
1) h value is *** than 1,
2) exhibits hyperbolic/sigmoidal kinetics,
3) is ***sistent with Koshland model,
4) is ***sistent with MWC model.
1) less
2) sigmoidal
3) consistent
4) inconsistent
--- MWC Model ---
An ENZYME exhibiting postive homotropic cooperativity gives h values *less/more* than 1.
more
--- MWC Model ---
1) Allosteric inhibitors *** L and increase *** curve character.
2) Allosteric activators *** L and increase *** curve character.
1) increase --- sigmoidal
2) decrease --- hyperbolic
--- Scatchard Plot ---
[Bound]\[Free] is on the ***-axis.
Y-Axis?
--- Scatchard Plot ---
1) Y-Axis?
2) X-Axis?
1) [Bound]\[Free] or [MS]\[S]
2) [Bound] or [S]
What type of curve is this?
sigmoidal curve
What type of curve is this?
hyperbolic curve
What type of plot is this?
hill plot
What type of plot is this?
scatchard plot
--- Scatchard Plot ---
Top Green?
Middle Blue?
Bottom Red?
positive cooperativity
no cooperativity
negative cooperativity
1) What equation is this?
2) Describing what?
1) Adair Equation
2) binding of a ligand to a dimeric protein.

--- Describes binding under the KNF model.
1) Type of curve?
2) Ligand Binding Model?
Two other forms?
1) Sigmoidal Curve
2) Hill
Equation multiplied by Kd???
1) Type of Curve?
2) Ligand Binding Model?
1) Sigmoidal Curve
2) Hill
--- Hexose Kinase ---
Three sugars?
glucose
fructose
mannose
1) Type of curve?
2) Ligand Binding Model?
1) Hyperbolic Curve
2) Langmuir
--- Cooperativity Index ---
1) Unit is ***
2) Formula...
1) Rx
2) 81^(1/h)
What formula is this?
Cooperativity Index
Inhibition type?
General Inhibition
1 ligand
1 binding site
--- Cooperativity Index ---
1) If h > 1 a protein shows...
2) If h < 1 a protein shows...
3) If h = 1 a proteins shows...
4) if h = 1 then Rx is...
--81^(1/h)--
1) positive cooperativity
2) negative cooperativity
3) no cooperativity
4) 81^(1/1) = 81
--- Hill Equation---
General formula?
-Mills said we should know-
--- MWC Equation ---
General formula?
-Mills said we should know-
What equation is this?
General Hill Equation
What equation is this?
General MWC Equation
--- Analysis Technique ---
1) Hyperbolic Plot uses...
Y-Axis = ???
X-Axis = ???
2) Sigmoidal Plot uses...
Y-Axis = ???
X-Axis = ???
1) Lineweaver-Burke Plot
X-Axis = 1/[S]
Y-Axis = 1/Vmax
2) Hill Plot
X-Axis = log [S]
Y-Axis = log (V/Vmax-V)
--- Adair Equation ---
Equation?
Protein w/*** ligand binding sites.
-Mills said we should know
two
--- Describes binding under the KNF model.
--- Structural Formulas ---
1) Ethanol
2) Acetaldehyde
3) Acetate/Acetic Acid
1) CH3-CH2-OH
2) CH3-CHO
3) CH3-COOH
--- Units ---
1) Kb
2) Kd
3) kcat
4) Specificity constant
1) Kb
2) Kd
3) (mM/min) or (molecules/sec)
4) M-1 s-1 (kcat/KM)
printerd
printerd
--- Replot Method ---
What is it used for?
What's the main difference used w/in the method?
Y-Axis
Ki = Km/Vmax(slope)
Ki' = 1/Vmax

X-Axis = [I] mM