Journalism Ethics Test 1

Front 1

What are the values and rules of life recognized by individuals, groups or cultures seeking guidance in human conduct and what is god, bad, right, or wrong?

Back 1

Ethics

Front 2

In making ethical calls in daily journalism, reporters must rely on?

Back 2

1. Personal training when you in what is right and wrong.

2. Formal training in ethics

3. Role models such as supervisors and co-workers.

4. Experience

Front 3

Sissela Bok's Model for ethical decision making is based on what two premises?

Back 3

1. We must have empathy for the people involved in ethical decisions.

2. We must maintain social trust as a fundamental goal.

Front 4

What is Bok's 3 step analysis of ethical questions?

Back 4

1. Consult your conscience about the rightness of an action.

2. Seek expert advice for alternatives to address the ethical problem.

3. Conduct discussion with affected parties and decide a course of action. Have imaginary conversations.

Front 5

What was the philosophical principle of Plato?

Back 5

Good exists despite how society might conduct itself at the moment.

Front 6

What was the philosophical principle of Aristotle?

Back 6

Individuals have the responsibility to act with virtue, even if the price includes giving up happiness and making sacrifices.

Front 7

What was the philosophical principle of Thomas Hobbes?

Back 7

The people, not sovereign rulers possess true power. To use that power, people must be informed.

Front 8

What was the philosophical principle of John Milton?

Back 8

1. Open marketplace of ideas

2. Truth will survive while false and unsound ideas will disappear if all express ideas freely.

3. Place facts before individuals and trust them to determine the truth.

Front 9

What was the philosophical principle of Immanuel Kant?

Back 9

One should freely and rationally reason out what is good. If you think about an act rationally with the intent to be moral, then the act will be moral.

Front 10

This is the measure of value for an ethical principle. The consequences of actions are important in deciding whether that are ethical. For instance it may be ethical to harm one person for the benefit of the larger group. Ethical conduct should aim at the general well being for the greatest number of people?

Back 10

Utilitarianism

Front 11

This is trusting people's ability to make intelligent decisions and find truth if sufficient information is available in a free press operating in a free society. Implicit in this is the rejection of attempts by government or other institutions to restrict press freedom

Back 11

Libertarianism

Front 12

This is being uninfluenced by emotion or personal prejudice. You are to gather, write, and organize material so as not to suggest a preference for one set of values or another.

Back 12

Objectivity

Front 13

The goal of objectivity leads reporters to:

Back 13

1. Avoid activist involvement in the news

2. To keep their views out of writing

3. Strive to present al sides of an issue with balance and as dispassionately as possible

Front 14

This is when a journalist has a sense of mission to serve not only their organization but the needs of the public and to be accountable to the public.

Back 14

Social Responsibility

Front 15

This concept is used to goth censorship and to remove barriers to the free flow of information. This leads to the press serving as surrogates and to play a crucial role as a watchdog in democracy?

Back 15

People's Right to Know

Front 16

What are some things that written codes of ethics typically address?

Back 16

1. Responsibility of the Press

2. Accuracy

3. Impartiality and fairness

4. Confidentiality of news sources

5. Conflict of Interest

Front 17

What does an Ombudsman do in media organizations?

Back 17

Serves as a mediator/liason

Front 18

In an effort to seek truth, journalists strive for the following goals:

Back 18

1. Accuracy

2. Honest

3. Objectivity

4. Balance

5. Fairness

Front 19

This is using the correct facts and the right words and putting information in context?

Back 19

Accuracy

Front 20

What are the 6 components of an attitude needed to ensure accuracy in stories?

Back 20

1. Respect the basics. Ask the 5 w's and the h. Appropriate attribution.

2. Respect for detail

3. Recognize your weaknesses. Seek out authoritative sources

4. Exercise Healthy Skepticism

5. Take advantage of adrenaline factor

6. No cop-out If you're not sure, hold it.

Front 21

What are the key ways to avoid plagiarism?

Back 21

Citation and Attribution

Front 22

What principles of journalism does plagiarism violate and how?

Back 22

1. Accuracy-doesn't give credit

2. Honesty--stealing work of others

3. Transparency--presenting work that isn't one's own

Front 23

What's the difference in accuracy and honesty?

Back 23

1. Accuracy focuses on reporting information correctly.

2. Honesty requires that you select the information to be reported in a manner that the entire story is told without the story being slanted by the inclusion of some fats and the exclusion of others.

Front 24

A story can be this_____ but not this______

Back 24

1. Accurate

2. Honest

Front 25

What are the procedures in uncovering/addressing dishonesty?

Back 25

1. Fabrication/sin of commission

2 Intentional omission

3. Unintentional omission

4. Selective quotation

5. Assuming too much: Don't draw faulty conclusions.

6. Failure to clarify type of information reported.

7. Failure to explain holes

8. Failure to set record straight

Front 26

What does objectivity require?

Back 26

1. Presenting differing views of qualified sources

2. Avoiding partiality, bias, and favored treatment

3. Providing balance to present each side with fairness

Front 27

A journalist's personal perceptions can endanger objectivity at these points:

Back 27

1. Story selection

2. Source selection

3. Fact selection and arrangement

4. Language selection

5. Timing and context

Front 28

What are two major areas of concern regarding balance and fairness?

Back 28

1. External access concern. Do all segments of society have their view represented in a fair and balanced manner.

3. Internal story structure concern. Is story strutted in a fair and balanced manner.

Front 29

How can a journalist achieve ensured fairness in reporting?

Back 29

1. Provide equal access

2. Get all the sides. Give everyone opportunity to respond.

3. Usually equally credible information.

Front 30

Where do journalists have an opportunity to push a view if they cannot be objective reporters?

Back 30

Advocacy press

Front 31

This not found in mainstream journalism but is the expectation among communities that news will report about things relevant and helpful for the community and serve as an advocate for the community?

Back 31

Boosterism (Advocacy Journalism)

Front 32

How does the responsible practice of journalism help protect freedom of the press?

Back 32

1. Helps to avoid any questions of credibility

2. Helped to avoid any increased regulations

Front 33

Why are journalists hesitant to include enforcement provisions in codes of ethics?

Back 33

1. To protect themselves from any kind of legal actions.

2. To avoid interference from others

Front 34

What are some of the Seattle Times Plagiarism guidelines?

Back 34

Honesty/integrity: Readers expect The Times to talk straight to them.Plagiarism is deception.

Accuracy: Readers expect The Times to make every effort to presentinformation that is correct. The newspaper can’t vouch for the accuracy ofmaterial that is plagiarized.Transparency: Readers deserve to know where The Times gets theinformation it publishes. Plagiarism deprives them of that knowledge.