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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In comparison with media in most democratic societies, American news media are distinctive in what respect? A. the nearly exclusive level of private ownership of broadcast media B. a larger number of high-circulation daily newspapers C. a greater share of news programming devoted to international news D. none of the above |
Answer: A - the nearly exclusive level of private ownership of broadcast media. |
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What is Compared with PBS, European public broadcasters deliver: A. about the same amount of news programming per day. B. about the same amount of news per day, but delivered during peak viewership times. C. significantly higher amounts of daily news programs. D. significantly lower amounts of news programming per day. |
Answer: C- significantly higher amounts of daily news programs
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What is Programming decisions come from which of the following? A. market force B. professional values C. aspirations of journalists D. all of the above E. none of the above |
Answer: D- All of the Above
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News coverage of political campaigns tends to emphasize A. the so-called “character” question. B. poll results. C. the views of pundits and analysts. D. all of the above. |
Answer: D- All the above |
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Which of the following factors is considered part of the organizational process model of news? A. beats and other journalistic routines B. professional values such as autonomy C. the “appropriateness” of certain subjects for particular news outlets D. all of the above |
Answer: D- All the above
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Which of the following websites would one be least likely to visit? A. Google.com B. Politico.com C. Yahoonews.com D. Gmail.com |
Answer: B- Politico.com |
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Media pools are: A. A story produced by the DOD that is free to be printed in several newspapers and media outlets B. Small group of reporters representing several print and broadcast news organizations who work under close supervision of the DOD C. A template for wartime stories. D. Small groups of government officials in charge of producing news during times of conflict. |
Answer: B- Small group of reporters representing several print and broadcast news organizations who work under close supervision of the DOD
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As discussed in class, CNN suggested that in 2003 the Bush administration was winning the war on terrorism. The following month, the Washington Post op-ed column by Krueger and Laitin identified flaws in the State Department’s report. Specifically, the report stated that nonsignificant terror events dropped but significant attacks had increased. As a result, the State Department was forced to acknowledge the errors and prepare a corrected report. All of the following are reasons reporters failed except… A. Reporters failed to ask the appropriate questions B. Reporters did not do their research C. Reporters favored the Bush administration D. Reporters relied on official statements from the US State Department |
Answer: C- Reporters favored the Bush Administation.
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According to our class discussion, all of the following are ethical reasons that government might want to limit the press in a time of foreign conflict except… A. Security of military personnel B. Honoring the families of fallen military members C. Hush critics of the conflict D. Ensuring that important information remains confidential |
Answer: C- Hush Critics of the conflict. |
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Which of the following is the most important to presidential campaigns? A. Paid advertising by the candidates themselves B. Paid advertising by third-party groups not officially under the candidates’ control C. News coverage of the campaign by major news outlets D. Live coverage of presidential debates |
Answer: C- News coverage of the campaign by major news outlets.
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As a strategy of governance, going public is more suited to A. The President B. Congressmen C. Senators D. Local rather than state officials |
Answer: A- The President.
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When campaigns have similar resources…. A. Shifts in the polls are long-term B. Campaign messages cancel each other out over the course of a campaign C. There is no need to campaign D. There are more attack ads |
Answer: B- Campaign Messages cancel eachother out over the course of a campaign.
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Congress competes with the president on a more even footing in the case of _________ affairs, but is overshadowed on _________________ issues. A. Capital; domestic B. Domestic; Capital C. Domestic; foreign/military/national security D. Foreign/military/national security; Domestic |
Answer: C- Domestic; foreign/military/national security.
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“Fire extinguishing” strategies include which of the following? A. Exclusive interviews with local or regional journalists B. Solo appearance on a nationally-rated program C. Nationally televised “apologies” D. Photo ops with visiting dignitaries or foreign correspondents E. All of the above |
Answers: E- All of the above. |
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Which of the following is a reason that in the past, scholars found only weak, or nonexistent, effects of media on public opinion? A. The limited definition of “media effects” that was being used B. The methodological techniques that were used to study the effects were limiting C. Only minimum effects exist in media studies. D. A and B only E. A, B, and C |
Answer: D. A and B only (The limited definition of “media effects” that was being used; The methodological techniques that were used to study the effects were limiting) |
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True or false: the public holds lobbyists responsible for state of the nation |
Answer: False- The public holds the president responsible for the state of the nation.
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This term describes how, in the aftermath of major foreign policy actions undertaken by the US government, people rally behind the president. Generally, whenever the president acts as commander in chif, Americans bury their partisan differences and throw their support behind their leader. |
Answer: The Rally Effect.
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Changes in this is a better predictor of presidential popularity than changes in the actual incidence of terrorism. |
Answer: TV coverage of terrorism. |
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Name 2 types of events that boost approval ratings AND 2 types of event that hurt approval ratings. |
Answer: Boost- Peace/Prosperity AND Conflict. Hurt- Recession, defeats, scandals, prolonged wars, economic crisis.
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Name 3 predictors of an effective leader. |
Answer: 1) policy debate occurs way before election. 2) Leader must have high popularity to begin with. 3) Long timeline and no re-election threat.
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This is the delivery of information of multiple sides of an issue and it often changes policy preferences. |
Answer: Deliberative Polling.
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Iyngar argues that these two changes in journalism will make for a better democracy. |
Answer: 1) A substantive or policy-oriented electoral forum. 2) Substitute journalist’s/analysts for candidates’ voices.
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According to Iyengar, in order to investigate the democratic process, journalists must do these three things... |
Answer: 1) provide widely accessible forum. 2) provide quality news. 3) Holding public officials responsible.
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Iyngar recommends these three large-scale changes as ways to change current problems in our democracy. |
Answer: Institution Policy Standards |
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Name 3 arguments for more partisan press and 2 arguments against it. |
Answer: Arguments for this: 1) Sense of common identity and party supporters 2) Higher levels of voter turnout 3) Helps mobilize supporters 4) Finding a niche 5) More issue-oriented news 6) Must explain why they endorse a candidate Arguments against this: 1) Echo chambers 2) More cynicism |
