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512 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
niniku |
garlic |
|
|
mikan |
tangerine |
|
|
shyokuji |
meal |
|
|
kono |
this x |
|
|
sono |
that x |
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|
ano |
that x (over there) |
|
|
dono |
which x? |
|
|
konna |
this kind of x |
|
|
sonna |
that kind of x |
|
|
anna |
that (over there) kind of x |
|
|
donna |
which kind of x |
|
|
mariko san wa donna hito desu ka |
What kind of person is Mariko? |
|
|
tsugaku |
math |
|
|
rekishi |
history |
|
|
chiri |
geography |
|
|
shyakai |
social studies |
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|
rika |
science |
|
|
kagaku |
chemistry |
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|
taiiku |
phys. ed |
|
|
kokugo |
japanese studies |
|
|
kamoku |
school subject |
|
|
chuugoku |
China |
|
|
kankoku |
South Korea |
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|
ani |
my older brother |
|
|
ane |
my older sister |
|
|
oniisan |
older brother |
|
|
oneesan |
older sister |
|
|
imouto |
younger sister |
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|
otouto |
younger brother |
|
|
itoko |
cousin |
|
|
tsuma |
my wife |
|
|
okusan |
your wife |
|
|
shyujin |
my husband |
|
|
goshyujin |
your husband |
|
|
danna |
my husband |
|
|
dannasan |
your husband |
|
|
shyumi |
hobby |
|
|
kyoumi |
interest |
|
|
inaka |
countryside |
|
|
tokoro |
place |
|
|
yama no bari |
mountain climbing |
|
|
doraibu (drivu) |
a drive |
|
|
hikingu |
hiking |
|
|
sanpo |
a walk |
|
|
kengaku |
sightseeing |
|
|
ii tokoro desu ka |
Is it a good place? |
|
|
donna tokoro desu ka |
What kind of place is it? |
|
|
sanpo ni ikimasu |
going for a walk |
|
|
tokai |
the city |
|
|
eiga |
movie |
|
|
eigakan |
theater |
|
|
kaimono |
shopping |
|
|
kissaten |
coffee shop |
|
|
hakubutskan |
museum |
|
|
bijyutsu |
art |
|
|
shiro |
castle |
|
|
tanjyoubi |
birthday |
|
|
okane |
money |
|
|
ongaku |
music |
|
|
yakyuu |
baseball |
|
|
ue |
top/above |
|
|
shita (shta) |
bottom/below |
|
|
migi |
right |
|
|
hidari |
left |
|
|
~gawa |
side |
|
|
migigawa |
right side |
|
|
hidarigawa |
left side |
|
|
naka |
middle/inside |
|
|
soto |
outside |
|
|
mae |
front/before |
|
|
ushiro |
back |
|
|
ato |
after |
|
|
niwa |
garden |
|
|
shimasu shite (shte) |
to do |
|
|
hanashimasu hanashite |
to speak |
|
|
kikimasu kiite |
to hear/to ask |
|
|
kakimasu kaiite |
to write |
|
|
kaimasu katte |
to buy |
|
|
tachimasu tatte |
to stand |
|
|
tsuwarimasu tsuwatte |
to sit |
|
|
wakarimasu wakatte |
to understand |
|
|
Mariko-san to hanashimashita |
I spoke with Mariko |
|
|
okaasan ni kikimasu |
I'll ask Mom |
|
|
wakarimashita |
I understand |
|
|
michi ga wakarimasuka |
Do you know the way? (Do the roads make sense to you?) |
|
|
benkyou shimasu |
studying |
|
|
renshyuu shimasu |
practicing |
|
|
souji shimasu |
cleaning |
|
|
riouri shimasu |
cooking |
|
|
denwa |
telephone |
|
|
moshi moshi |
phone greeting for "hello" |
|
|
denwa shimashita |
I made a phone call |
|
|
John-san ni denwa shimashita |
I called John |
|
|
mo |
also |
|
|
enpitsu mo |
a pencil too |
|
|
neko mo imasu |
there is also a cat |
|
|
eki ni mo restauran ni mo ubenkyoku ni mo ikimashita |
I went to the station, the restaurant, and the post office |
|
|
kesa asagohan wo tabete, gakkou ni ikimashita |
This morning I ate breakfast and went to school |
|
|
gakkou ni itte, benkyou shimashita |
I went to school and studied |
|
|
dare |
who |
|
|
dare ga imasu ka |
Who's there? |
|
|
watashi ga imasu/ watashi ga |
I'm here. |
|
|
Brett san no tanjyoubi wa itsu desu ka |
When is Brett's birthday? |
|
|
heya wo itsu souji shimasu ka |
When will you clean the room? |
|
|
nande |
why/how |
|
|
doshite |
why/how |
|
|
naze |
why |
|
|
dou yatte |
how |
|
|
doshite gakkou ni ikimasen deshita ka |
why didn't you go to school |
|
|
gakkou ni doshite ikimasen deshita ka |
why didn't you go to school |
|
|
dou yatte wakarimashita ka |
how do you know? |
|
|
hyaku |
one-hundred |
|
|
ichi sen |
one-thousand |
|
|
hitotsu |
1 thing |
|
|
futatsu |
2 things |
|
|
mittsu |
3-things |
|
|
yottsu |
4 things |
|
|
itsutsu |
5-things |
|
|
mottsu |
6-things |
|
|
nanatsu |
7-things |
|
|
yattsu |
8-things |
|
|
kokonotsu |
9-things |
|
|
tou |
10-things |
|
|
ikutsu |
how many? |
|
|
nan nin |
how many people? |
|
|
hitori |
one person |
|
|
futari |
2-people |
|
|
san-nin |
3-people |
|
|
yo-nin |
4-people |
|
|
~nin |
person counter |
|
|
seito ga nannin imasu ka |
how many students are there? |
|
|
~mai |
sheets (of paper) |
|
|
nanmai |
how many sheets? |
|
|
kami |
paper |
|
|
kitte |
postal stamp |
|
|
tegami |
letter |
|
|
~ko |
counter for small, roundish things |
|
|
ikko |
one round thing |
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|
rokko |
six round things |
|
|
hakko |
eight round things |
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|
nanko |
how many round things? |
|
|
itsu ga sanko arimasu |
there are three chairs |
|
|
watashi wa nanako mimashita |
I saw seven |
|
|
~hon |
counter for long, cylindrical things |
|
|
ippon |
one cylindrical thing |
|
|
sanbon |
3 cylindrical things |
|
|
roppon |
6 cylindrical things |
|
|
happon |
8 cylindrical things |
|
|
jyuuppon |
10 cylindrical things |
|
|
nanbon |
how many cylindrical things? |
|
|
~hiki |
counter for animals |
|
|
ippiki |
one animal |
|
|
sanbiki |
3 animals |
|
|
roppiki |
6 animals |
|
|
happiki |
eight animals |
|
|
jyuuppiki |
10 animals |
|
|
nanbiki |
how many animals? |
|
|
neko ga sanbiki imashita |
there were three cats |
|
|
nezumi |
rat/s |
|
|
~ji |
counter for hours |
|
|
~han |
half past~ |
|
|
~fun |
counter for minutes |
|
|
ima |
now |
|
|
nanji |
what time? |
|
|
yo-ji |
4 o'clock |
|
|
shichi-ji |
seven o'clock |
|
|
ku-ju |
nine o'clock |
|
|
yo-ji ni sanpo ni ikimashita |
I went for a walk at 4 |
|
|
go-ji ni bangohan wo tabemashou |
let's eat dinner at 5 |
|
|
ni-jihon desu |
it's half past two |
|
|
ippun |
one minute |
|
|
ni-fun |
two minutes |
|
|
san-fun |
3 minutes |
|
|
yon-fun |
4 minutes |
|
|
roppun |
6 minutes |
|
|
nana-fun |
7 minutes |
|
|
happun |
8 minutes |
|
|
kyuu-fun |
9 minutes |
|
|
jyuuppun |
10 minutes |
|
|
ima nan-ji desu ka |
what time is it? |
|
|
gozen |
a.m. |
|
|
gogo |
p.m. |
|
|
kara |
from |
|
|
made |
until |
|
|
gozen yo-ji sanjyuukyuu-fun |
4:39 a.m. |
|
|
gogo ku-ji jyuuppun |
9:10 p.m. |
|
|
gozen hachi-ji hon kara gogo go-ji yonjyuuppun made |
from half-past 8:00 a.m. to 5:40 p.m. |
|
|
nichi |
day |
|
|
tsuitachi |
the first of the month |
|
|
futsuka |
the secondof the month |
|
|
mikka |
the third of the month |
|
|
yokka |
the fourth of the month |
|
|
itsuka |
the fifth of the month |
|
|
muika |
the sixth of the month |
|
|
nanoka |
the seventh of the month |
|
|
youka |
the eighth of the month |
|
|
kokonoka |
the ninth of the month |
|
|
touka |
the tenth of the month |
|
|
hatsuka |
the twentiethof the month |
|
|
~nen |
counter for years |
|
|
nan nen desu ka |
what year is it? |
|
|
go hyaku nen |
500 years |
|
|
sen kyuuhyaku kyuujuu kyuu-nen |
1999 |
|
|
nisen-nen |
2000 |
|
|
nisen-nen ku-gatsu kokonoka |
September 9th, 2000 |
|
|
~sai |
counter for age |
|
|
is-sai |
one year old |
|
|
has-sai |
8 years old |
|
|
jyuu-sai |
10 years old |
|
|
hatachi |
20 years old |
|
|
nan-sai |
how many years old |
|
|
o-ikutsu |
how many years old (polite) |
|
|
~en |
counter for money |
|
|
~satsu |
counter for bills |
|
|
~dama |
counter for coins |
|
|
ikura desu ka |
how much is it/does it cost? |
|
|
hyaku-en |
100 yen |
|
|
go-sen (y)en |
5000 yen |
|
|
ichiman-en |
10,000 yen |
|
|
hyaku-en-dama |
100 yen coin |
|
|
Brett-san, kore wo mitte |
Brett, look at this |
|
|
kaimashou ka ne |
I wonder if I should buy it |
|
|
a, sore ga ii desu ne |
uh, that's good |
|
|
ee to |
um... |
|
|
nan ni shimasu ka? |
what are you going with? |
|
|
chichi ni sanbon kaimashou |
I'll buy three for my dad |
|
|
kono mise wa go-ji made desu |
The store is open until 5:00 |
|
|
demo |
but... |
|
|
shikashi |
however... |
|
|
ga |
but... |
|
|
keredomo |
but... |
|
|
keredo |
but... |
|
|
kedo |
but... |
|
|
demo, sushi ga suki desu |
but, I like sushi |
|
|
shikashi, sensei wa arimasen |
however, the teacher isn't here |
|
|
demo, eki ni ikimasen deshita |
but, I didn't go to the station |
|
|
gakko ni ikimashita ga, sensei wa imasen deshita |
I went to school but the teacher wasn't there |
|
|
shikashi, kanojo ga imasen |
however, I don't have a girlfriend |
|
|
sono hon wo yomimashita ga, suki dewa arimasen deshita |
I read that book, but I didn't like it |
|
|
aoi |
blue |
|
|
acai |
red |
|
|
shiroi |
white |
|
|
kuroi |
black |
|
|
kiiroi |
yellow |
|
|
midori |
green |
|
|
kuroi inu desu |
It's a black dog |
|
|
Inu kuroi desu |
the dog is black |
|
|
anata wa ii sensei desu |
you're a good teacher |
|
|
murasaki |
purple |
|
|
iro |
color |
|
|
chairo |
brown |
|
|
orenji-iro |
orange |
|
|
nezumiiro |
gray |
|
|
murasaki no sara desu |
It's a purple plate
|
|
|
Mihijo wa orenji-iro no neko desu |
Mihijo's an orange cat |
|
|
no |
buffer for adjective colors |
|
|
na |
buffer for adjective words |
|
|
jyouzu |
good (skilled) |
|
|
heta |
bad (unskilled) |
|
|
hen |
strange/weird |
|
|
kirei |
clean/pretty |
|
|
kantan |
simple |
|
|
suki |
likeable |
|
|
kirai |
dislikeable |
|
|
jyouzu na sensei |
a skilled teacher |
|
|
hen na hito |
a weird person |
|
|
tesuto |
test |
|
|
kantan na tesuto |
a simple test |
|
|
suki na eiga |
a good movie (personally) |
|
|
Mariko-san, suki na hito ga imasu ka |
Mariko, is there a person that you like? |
|
|
sore wa hen na tabemono desu ne |
this is strange food isn't it? |
|
|
~i |
positive adjective ending with real adjectives |
|
|
~kunai |
negative adjective ending with real adjectives |
|
|
~katta |
past positive adjective endingwith real adjectives |
|
|
~kunakatta |
past negative adjective ending with real adjectives |
|
|
kurokunai |
It's not black |
|
|
kurokatta |
It was black |
|
|
toire no kabe wa akakatta |
the walls of the bathroom were red |
|
|
ii yoi yokunai (negative) yokatta (past) yokunakatta (past negative) |
good isn't good was good wasn't good |
|
|
atsui |
hot |
|
|
moshi atsui |
hot and humid |
|
|
samui |
cold |
|
|
tsumetai |
cold to the touch |
|
|
atatakai |
warm |
|
|
tsuzushii |
cool |
|
|
nai |
non-existent |
|
|
okane ga arimasen / okane ga nai |
I have no money |
|
|
okane ga nakatta |
I didn't have money |
|
|
watashi dewa nai |
It's not me |
|
|
anata dewa nakatta |
It wasn't you |
|
|
kyou wa atsui o-tenki desu ne |
It's hot today isn't it? |
|
|
ichiban suki na kisetsu wa itsu desu ka |
when is your favorite season? |
|
|
aki ga suki desu ne |
I like the fall |
|
|
- noni |
add noni to words to make them with a feeling of lament, like "aww geez" |
|
|
samukatta |
It was cold |
|
|
atsukatta |
It was hot |
|
|
takai |
tall/expensive/high |
|
|
hikui |
low/short |
|
|
yasui |
cheap |
|
|
hiroi |
wide/spacious |
|
|
semai |
narrow/cramped |
|
|
ookii |
big |
|
|
chiisai |
small |
|
|
warui |
bad |
|
|
ii |
good |
|
|
nagai |
long |
|
|
mijikai |
short in length |
|
|
itsukushi |
beautiful |
|
|
minikui |
ugly |
|
|
shizuka |
quiet |
|
|
urusai |
noisy |
|
|
tsuyoi |
strong |
|
|
yowai |
weak |
|
|
ureshii |
happy |
|
|
kanashii |
sad |
|
|
tanoshii |
fun |
|
|
tsumaranai |
boring |
|
|
sugoi |
cool |
|
|
kitanai |
dirty |
|
|
muzukashii |
difficult |
|
|
yasashii |
easy |
|
|
kiibishii |
stern |
|
|
hayai |
fast/early |
|
|
osoi |
slow/late |
|
|
ippai |
a lot |
|
|
netsu |
fever |
|
|
agarimasu agatte |
to go up/rise |
|
|
sagarimasu sakatte |
to go down/descend |
|
|
seki |
cough |
|
|
geri |
diarrhea |
|
|
hanamitsu |
runny nose/snot |
|
|
demasu dete |
to go out/come out |
|
|
kamimasu kande |
to blow one's nose |
|
|
netsu ga arimashita ne |
your fever has gone up |
|
|
netsu ga sagarimashita ne |
your fever has gone down |
|
|
kinyoubi kara seki ga arimasu |
I've been coughing since Friday |
|
|
geri ga arimashita |
I had diarrhea |
|
|
kyou hanamizu wa ippai demashita |
I had a really runny nose today |
|
|
John-san wa hana wo kamimashita |
John blew his nose |
|
|
byounin |
sick person |
|
|
byouin |
hospital |
|
|
oishya |
doctor |
|
|
kangofu |
nurse |
|
|
kutsuri |
medicine |
|
|
chuusha |
shot/injection |
|
|
ukemasu ukete |
to receive |
|
|
Mariko-san wa kutsuri wo nomimashita |
Mariko took (literally, drank) medicine |
|
|
kyou John-san wa, chuusha wo sanbon ukemashita |
John got 3 shots today |
|
|
~do |
number of times |
|
|
ichi-do |
one time |
|
|
ichinichi ni san-do |
3 times a day |
|
|
soshite (soshte) |
then, after that |
|
|
takusan |
a lot |
|
|
takusan no mise ga arimasu |
There are a lot of stores |
|
|
guai wa do desu ka |
How do you feel? |
|
|
guai wa warui desu |
I don't feel good |
|
|
netsu ga arimashita ka |
do you have a fever? |
|
|
Hai, kinou arimashita. Seki mo, geri mo arimashita. |
Yes, yesterday there was. I also had a cough and diarrhea |
|
|
shitte imasu |
I know |
|
|
shirimasen |
I don't know |
|
|
Sono hito wa shirimasen |
I don't know that person |
|
|
wafuku |
Japanese clothing |
|
|
youfuku |
Western clothing |
|
|
kimasu kite |
to wear, upper body |
|
|
hakimasu haite |
to wear, lower body |
|
|
dresu |
dress |
|
|
suitsu |
suit |
|
|
waishatsu |
dress shirt (white shirt) |
|
|
sei-ta |
sweater |
|
|
shitagi/pantsu |
underwear |
|
|
bura |
bra |
|
|
kutsu |
shoe |
|
|
Iyaringu |
earring |
|
|
nekutai |
neck tie |
|
|
mafuraa |
muffler/scarf |
|
|
boshi |
hat |
|
|
kaburimasu |
to wear on one's head |
|
|
hamemasu |
to fasten |
|
|
...tanoshimi ni shimasu |
I look forward to.... |
|
|
natsu yasumi wo tanoshimi ni shimasu |
I look forward to summer vacation |
|
|
fune |
boat |
|
|
hikouki |
plane |
|
|
-suffix for state |
~shyuu |
|
|
hashirimasu hashitte |
to run |
|
|
arukimasu aruite |
to walk |
|
|
oyoigimasu oyoide |
to swim |
|
|
tobimasu tonde |
to fly |
|
|
unten shimasu |
to drive |
|
|
shigoto |
work(concept) |
|
|
shigoto-ba |
workplace |
|
|
arubiaito |
part-time job |
|
|
koujyou |
factory |
|
|
jiboushyou |
office |
|
|
kai-sha |
company |
|
|
kyuuryou |
one's pay |
|
|
hatarakimasu hataraite |
to work |
|
|
kyoujo |
professor |
|
|
bengoshi |
lawyer |
|
|
serariiman |
office worker |
|
|
hishyo |
secretary |
|
|
tenin |
shopkeeper |
|
|
shachou |
president of a company |
|
|
buchou |
department head |
|
|
jugyouin |
employee |
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douiyou |
colleague |
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henshyuu |
editing |
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~bu |
~ department |
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bumon |
department |
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kachou |
section head |
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kaikei |
accounting |
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~ka |
~section |
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machimasu matte |
to wait |
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|
chotto matte kudasai |
one moment please |
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|
tanoshii shigoto desu ka |
Is it good work? |
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o-shigoto yoku desu ka |
Is your work well |
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~ notte imasu |
riding the ~ |
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~ikimasu |
I take the ~ |
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|
orite |
to exit |
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|
~ni orimasu |
to get on the ~ |
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|
drop the -masu and add -tai to form a "I want to do-" |
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|
|
koen ni ikitai |
I want to go to the park |
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Nihon ni ikitai? |
Do you want to go to Japan? |
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Eiga wa mitai? |
Do you want to see a movie? |
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For "wanted to" drop the 'i' and add the endings |
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|
yomitakatta |
I wanted to read |
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hanashitakanai |
I don't want to talk |
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Nihongo de hanashitikatta |
I wanted to speak Japanese |
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Sushi tabetai |
I want to eat sushi |
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Sushi tabemashou |
Let's eat sushi |
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|
hontou -> hontou ni |
really |
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tashika -> tashika ni |
certainly |
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zettai -> zettai ni |
definitely |
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|
jitsu |
true |
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hayaku okimashita |
I got up early |
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|
hiyou |
hail |
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|
hurrimasu/hutte |
to fall |
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haremasu/harete |
to clear up |
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kumorimasu/kumotte |
to cloud up |
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|
arashi |
storm |
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|
taihuu |
typhoon |
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tatsumaki |
tornado |
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|
jishin |
earthquake |
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|
osoimasu/osotte |
to attack |
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-masen -masen deshita |
negatives for -masu |
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|
kami ichidan, shimo ichidan, godan |
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|
ru congugations: -nai (negative) -ta (past) -nakatta (past negative) |
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|
ukeru/ukemasu |
to receive |
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deru/demasu |
to go out |
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kuukou |
airport |
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|
hikouki |
airplane |
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taminaru |
terminal |
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gate-o |
gate |
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|
passuporto |
passport |
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zeikan |
customs |
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|
miseru/misete |
to show |
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|
passuporto misete kudasi |
please show me your passport |
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|
gaikokujin |
foreigner |
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bangou |
number |
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~ban |
number suffix |
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nanban |
which number |
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|
touchyaku |
arrival |
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shyuppatsu |
departure |
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|
touchyaku tsuru (shimasu) |
to arrive |
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|
shyuppatsu tsuru (shimasu) |
to depart |
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|
annai |
guidance |
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annaijyou |
guidance place |
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|
~ga arimasu |
to need |
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|
nimotsu |
luggage |
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|
mitsukeru |
to find |
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|
iriguchi |
entrance |
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|
degushi |
exit |
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|
erubaita |
elevator |
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|
mitsuketa yo |
I found it! |
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|
nimotsuka sanko arimasu |
I have 3 pieces of luggage |
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|
kou |
this way |
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|
sou |
that way |
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|
aa |
that way over there |
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|
dou? |
which way? |
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kou shimashou |
let's do this |
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|
dou shimashouka? |
which should we do? |
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yatto |
finally |
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chyokusetsu |
directly |
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daijyoubu |
okay, fine |
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sorede |
with that/like that |
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soretomo |
or.... |
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dame |
no good, unacceptable |
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yoshi! |
okay! |
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John san wa tsukareru |
John becomes tired |
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|
tskukaremashita/tsukareta |
I'm tired |
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aa, kyou wa nagakatta |
today was long |
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(name) nimotsu wo misuketa? |
Did you find your luggage? |
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|
For "let's do" verbs, change the ending to the 'o' form so that it rhymes with mashou and add the 'u' sound |
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wakaru/wakarimasu |
to understand |
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kau |
to buy |
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shinu,shinda, shinimasu |
to die |
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asobu, asonda, asobimasu |
to play |
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|
oru |
to fold/break |
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kiru |
to wear to cut |
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neru |
to sleep to knead |
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shirimasu |
to come to know |
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|
yoyaku |
reservation |
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|
kanou |
possible |
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|
kakunin |
confirmation |
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|
youkin |
charge, fee |
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|
sekiyushou |
bill |
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|
machi |
town |
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|
checkouto wa nanji desu ka |
what time is check-out? |
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|
checkouto shitai desu ga |
I'd like to check out |
|
|
watashi no yoyaku canceru shitai desu ga |
I would like to cancel my reservation |
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|
~goushitsu |
room number suffix
|
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|
biru |
building |
|
|
~ kai |
floor suffix |
