Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
2 main diseases caused by Chlamydia trachomatis:
|
-Ocular infections
-STDs |
|
What does C. psittaci cause?
|
Psittacosis
|
|
What is Psittacosis?
|
Pneumonia
|
|
What serotypes cause STDs?
|
C. trachomatis D-K
|
|
What serotypes cause trachoma?
|
C. trachomatis A-B-Ba-C
|
|
In what countries is Trachoma mostly seen?
|
Asia/Africa
|
|
How is pneumonia caused by C. psittaci spread?
|
By infected bird poop
|
|
What distinguishes pneumonia caused by Chlamydophila pneumoniae?
|
It lasts for weeeeks - differential diagnosis in chronic lung infection should be M. tb PLUS C. pneumophila
|
|
Developmental cycle of Chlamydiae:
|
-Elementary bodies
-Reticulate bodies |
|
How can you see elementary bodies?
|
As inclusion bodies on EM
|
|
What are the characteristics of Elementary bodies?
|
-Infectious
-Nonreplicative (no metabolism) -Rigid cell envelope |
|
How do Reticulate bodies divide?
|
By binary fission within the host cell
|
|
What lets a reticulate body be classified as elementary?
|
Rigidity of the newly formed cell wall.
|
|
What do chlamydia lack?
|
The ability to make ATP
|
|
What are the 3 pathologic host responses to Chlamydial infection?
|
-Blood vessel formation
-Connective tissue formation -Lymphocytic infiltration |
|
What is the lymphocytic infiltration in Chlamydia infection called? How is it treated?
|
Pannus - by surgical removal
|
|
Why is Chlamydia so hard to treat?
|
Antibodies that bind the Elementary bodies don't work.
|
|
What is bad about vaccinating for Trachoma?
|
It makes the outcome WORSE
|
|
How is Chlamydia treated?
|
-Tetracycline
-Erythromycin -Sulfonamides |
|
What are 2 clinical manifestations of C. trachomatis infections?
|
-Eye damage
-Vesicles in UG tract |
|
How can inclusion bodies be identified?
|
By staining with iodine for glycogen
|
|
What are 3 lab diagnostic methods for Chlamydia?
|
-Immunoflourescence
-Molecular methods -Antibody titer |
|
What is the smallest free-living prokaryote?
|
Mycoplasma
|
|
Is Mycoplasma obligate intracellular?
|
NO - it is epicellular
|
|
What is the distinguishing feature of Mycoplasma?
|
no cell wall
|
|
What is the clinical presentation of M. pneumoniae?
|
Walking pneumonia (atypical)
|
|
What is seen on the PBS of a patient with Mycoplasma?
|
COLD AGGLUTININS - Anti-Mycoplasma antibodies that cross react to RBCs
|
|
What did Eaton identify Mycoplasma as?
|
A filterable agent, that used to be a defining feature of viruses, but it grew on agar so it's not a virus!
|
|
What part of the lungs does Mycoplasma typically cause pneumonia in?
|
Lower lobes, unilateral
|
|
What causes Nongonoccal, nonchlamydial urethritis and salpingitis?
|
Ureaplasma urealyticum
|
|
What are 3 things Ureaplasma urealyticum causes in women?
|
-Chorioamnionitis
-Habitial spontaneous abortion -LBW infants |
|
What Mycoplasmal species is a common inhabitant of the vagina in healthy women?
|
Mycoplasma hominis
|
|
What can M. hominis cause in women?
|
-Invasion of internal genital organs
-PID -Abscesses and salpingitis |
|
What is the gram stain of Mycoplasma?
|
Cocci that are elongated and filamentous
|
|
What is the appearance of Mycoplasma on agar like?
|
Fried egg
|
|
What do mycoplasmas require for growth?
|
Sterol
|
|
What does ureaplasma require?
|
Urea
|
|
What is a hallmark characteristic of Mycoplasma growth on agar?
|
Pitting
|
|
Why do we say Mycoplasma is epicellular?
|
It hides between crypts at the bases of microvilli to cause long chronic infections.
|
|
What is the major mycoplasma adhesin?
|
P1
|
|
How does mycoplasma escape host immunity?
|
By antigenic variation
|
|
What is the highest age attack rate for Mycoplasma pneumoniae?
|
Children ages 5-9
|