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41 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what are the two infusion systems for fluids
glass and plastic
what are the two types of glass systems? describe?
~both have a vaccum & are vented.
open: air enters through a straw &
collects in the air space in
the bottle.
CLOSED: uses vented tubing to allow air into the fluid. has a
rubber bung
-coring can occur during insertion of administration set.
what are the advantages of a glass system?
*Crystal clear; allows good visualization of contents.
*Graduations are easy to read
*Inert; has no plasticizers
what are the disadvantages of a glass system?
*Breakage and shattering of glass *Storage problems
*Coring due to rubber bung
*Cumbersome disposal
* Rigidity
* Container constructed of mixed
materials
what are the disadvantages of a plastic system?
*punctures easily.
*fluid level difficult to determine *Made of plasticizers
* Not completely inert (potential for leching)
*Environmentally unsafe
What are the advantages of a plastic system?
*Closed system
*flexible
*lightweight
* Container made of one substance.
* Better storage
disadvantages of plastic system?
*punctures easily.
*fluid level difficult to determine
*Made of plasticizers
* Not completely inert (potential for leching)
*Environmentally unsafe (PVC air polluent when burned)
spike
sharp tipped plastic tube that is inserted into infustate…connected to the flange, drop orifice, and drip chamber.
flange
guard that helps prevent touch contamination during spiking.
drop orafice
opening that determines the size and shape of the fluid drop..the size determines the drop factor.
drop chamber
pliable, enlarged clear plastic tube that contains the drip orifice (top) and is connected to the tubing (bottom).
injection port
located at various points these serve as access to tubing, usually for med admin.small (21-25 gauge needle) to ensure resealing
Hub
adaptor to connect the admin set to the IV catheter or needleless system (AKA male Luer-Lok)
scalp vein
butterfly needles are a type; made of stainless steel ( biodegradable and low phlebitis risk…steel can easily puncture causing infiltration) w/ odd numbering.usually used for short term therapy (indwelling >24hrs) single doses, iv push, or blood.
over-the-needle
needle w/ catheter sheath. needle extends beyond catheter puncture stylet is removed w. needle staying in vein. (12-22 gauge) Teflon (more phlebitis) or Vialon (becomes soft in vein)
14-19” gauge w. 1-2” long needle. .8-36” long.usually in CVC. (PICC)
through the needle
catheter placed b/t the antecubital area and the head of the clavicle.
intermediate-term therapies up to 28 days of isotonic therapy.
6” catheter..after 2 hrs becomes softer, 2 gauges bigger
midline
lumen catheters: two separate infusion channels make it possible to infusion two different infusates simultaneously..16 gauge w. 18- and 20- lumens or 18 gauge w. 20- and 20- lumens. ..also avalible as midlines
dual
The most widely used type of peripheral infusion device and pt for gauges 14-22.?
over the needle
—multiple trauma, heart surgery,transplants
14-16 gauge
:major trauma or surgery, blood administration
18 gauge
minor trauma or surgery, blood administration
20 gauge
peds, person w. small veins, admin. of platelets or plasma (avoid w/ packed RBC, whole blood, and ATB therapy)
22 gauge
used for parenternal nutrition w. dextrose greater than 10%, continuous infusion of vesicant meds, or
meds that cause necroisis if they infiltrate, therapies w. extreme variations in pH, anticipated extended
PIcc
on gravity flow..used in 80% of situations requiring rate control. max flow affected by how high bag is hung.. can’t detect infiltrations.
controller
10psi –up to 15 is safe—15-20 w. caution-16-22 dangerous
high vol. and complex therapies in high-acuity situations-more accurate vs. controllers.
positive pressure pump
collaborated in milliliters per hour; require special cassette or catridge to be used w. the machiene..very accurate, used in delivery of high potency drugs or when
accuracy is imperative.(invaluable neonate, peds, and intensive care units) Can deliver RBC w/o any damage.
volemetric pumps
Calibrated in milliliters per hour.. used primarily for enteral feedings, have a rotary disk rollers to compress tubing.
perastalic
amt of time over which a specific vol. of fluid is delivered..common 1-999ml/hour
rate
measurement that tells how much of a given solution has been infused..can monitoramt/ shift.. and home health care.
volume infused
the amt of solution hanging in the solution container. (pump alarms
when amt. is reached.)
volume to be infused
are terms that are used to describe the progressive increase or decrease of the infusion rate.
tampering or ramping
refers to an infusion governed by a 24 hour clock wi the device. must have internal backup battery to remain clock accuracy.
timed infusion
to detect only visible bubbles or micro bubbles. (nes for positive and infusion
air-in line alarm
standard alarm for infusion.
occlusion
alarm triggered by present volume limit
infusion complete
pump is operating outside parameters and problem cannot be resolved…return to bioengering dept.
malfunctional/ nonfunctional alarm
alarm indicates that all of the pump infusion parameters are not set. (prevents tampering or changing accidently---must be programmed and then started.)
not infusing
chain of infection
resivor, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susptable host
the 3 objectives of iv therapy
maintain , replace, restore
isotonic
.9 normal saline