Itm100 Chp1

Front 1

digital firm

Back 1

an organization where nearly all significant business processes and relationships with customers, suppliers and employees are digitally enanabled and key corporate assets are managed digitally

Front 2

business processes

Back 2

unique ways in which organizations coordinate and organize workactivities, information, and knowledge to produce a product or service.

Front 3

business model

Back 3

an abstraction of what an enterprise is and how the enterprise delivers aproduct or service, showing how the enterprise creates wealth.

Front 4

information technology

Back 4

all the hardware and software technologies a firm needs to achieveits business objectives.

Front 5

information systems

Back 5

a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store anddistribute information to support decision making. reduces costs and improves productivity, improves customerloyalty, creates competitive advantage, and generates growth

Front 6

information

Back 6

data that I shaped to be meaningful and useful to human beings

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data

Back 7

streams of raw facts before they are processed into a form that people can understandand use

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input

Back 8

captures or collects raw data from within an organization or from its external environment.

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processing

Back 9

converts raw input into a meaningful form

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output

Back 10

transfers the processed information tot he people who will use it or to the activities for which it will be used

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feedback

Back 11

output that returned to appropriate members of the organization to help them evaluate or correct the input or processing stage

Front 12

information systems literacy

Back 12

broad-based understanding of info systems that includes behavioural knowledge about organizations and individuals using info systems as well as technical knowledge about computers

Front 13

computer literacy

Back 13

knowledge about info technology, focusing on understanding of howcomputer-base technologies work.

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management informations systems (MIS)

Back 14

provides reports on organizational performance to helpmiddle management monitor and control the business

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senior management

Back 15

people in the topmost hierarchy of an organization who are responsible for makinglong-range decisions

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middle management

Back 16

people in the middle of the organizational hierarchy who are responsible for carryingout the plans and goals of senior management

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operational management

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people who monitor he day-to-day activities of the organization

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knowledge workers

Back 18

people such as engineers, lawyers, and architects who design products or services or analyze data and create knowledge for the organization

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data workers

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people such as secretaries or bookkeepers who process theorganization’s paperwork.

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production or service workers

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people who actually produce the products and servicesof the organization.

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business functions

Back 21

specialized tasks performed in a business organization, finance andaccounting, and human resources.

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culture

Back 22

set of fundamental assumptions about what products the organization should produce, how and where it should produce them and for whom they should be produced

Front 23

computer hardware

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physical equipment used for input, processing, and output activities in aninfo system.

Front 24

data management technology

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software governing the organization of data physical storage media

Front 25

networking technology

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physical devices and software that link various computer hardware components and transfer data from one physical location to another

Front 26

network

Back 26

links two or more computers to share data or resources

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internet

Back 27

global network of networks that uses universal standards to connect millions of different networks

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intranet

Back 28

internal corporate networks based on internet technologies

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extranets

Back 29

private intranets extended to authorize users outside the organization

Front 30

world wide web

Back 30

service or info space provided on the internet that users universally accepted standards for storing, retrieving, formatting and displaying information on the internet

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it infrastructure

Back 31

computer hardware, software, data, storage technology, networks and human resources providing a portfolio of shared IT resources for the organization

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complementary assets

Back 32

additional assets required to derive value from a primary investment

Front 33

organizational and management capital

Back 33

investments in organization and management such as new business processes management behaviour, organizational culture, or training

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sociotechnical view

Back 34

optimal organizational performance is achieved by jointly optimizing both the social and technical systems used in production

Front 35

business functions (4)

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1. human resources maintains policies, plans and procedures for the effective management of employees

2. sales performs the function of selling goods/services

3. marketing supports sales by planning, pricing, and promoting goods or services

4. accounting records, measures and reports monetary transactions

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information-functional culture

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employees use information as a means of exercising influence or power over others

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information-sharing culture

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employees across departments trust each other to use information to improve performance

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information-inquiring culture

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employees across departments search for information to understand the future and align themselves with current trends

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information-discovery culture

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employees across departments are open to new insights about crisis and radical changes and seek ways for competitive advantages

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Chief information officer (CIO)

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oversees all uses of IT and ensures the strategic alignment of IT with business goals and objectives

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Chief Knowledge officer (CKO)

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responsible for collecting, maintaining and distributing the organizations knowledge

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Chief privacy officer (CPO)

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ensures the ethical and legal use of information

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chief security officer (CSO)

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ensures safety of IT resources including data, hardware, software, and people

Front 44

Chief technology officer (CTO)

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ensures the throughout, speed, accuracy, availability and reliability of IT

Front 45

competitive advantage

Back 45

a product or service that an organizations customers place a greater value on than similar offering from a competitor

Front 46

first-mover advantage

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occurs when an organizaTion can significantly impact its market share by being first to market with a competitive advantage

Front 47

environmental scanning

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the attainment and analysis of events and trends in the environment external to an organization

Front 48

buyer power

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ability of buyers to affect the price of an item

Front 49

supplier power

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high when buyers have few choices to buy from and low when they have many choices

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threat of substitute products or services

Back 50

high when there are many alternatives to a product/service and low when there are a few alternatives

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threat of new entrants

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high when its easy for new comptitors to enter a market and low when there are significant entry barriers to entering a market

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rivalry among existing competitors

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high when competition is fierce in a market and low when competition is more complacent

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B2B marketplace

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internet-based service that brings together buyers and sellers

Front 54

private exchange

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single buyer posts its needs and then opens the bidding to any supplier who wants to bid

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reverse auction

Back 55

auction format in which increasingly lower bids are solicited from organizations willing to supply the product/service at a very low price

Front 56

Value chain analysis

Back 56

standardized set of activities that accomplish a specific task, such as processing a customers order. views an organization as a series of processes, each of which adding value to the product/service for each customer