It Essentials Midterm

Front 1

DRAM

Back 1

Dynamic RAM is a memory chip that is used as main memory. Must be constantly refreshed with pulses of electricity in order to maintain the data stored within the chip

Front 2

SRAM

Back 2

Static RAM is cache memory, much faster than DRAM and does not have to be refreshed as often

Front 3

FPM Memory

Back 3

Fast Page Mode DRAM is memory that supports paging. Paging enables faster access to the data than regular DRAM. Most 486 and Pentium system from 1995 and earlier use FPM memory.

Front 4

EDO Memory

Back 4

Extended Data Out RAM is memory that overlaps consecutive data accesses. This speeds up the access time to retrieve data from memory, because the CPU does not have to wait for one data access cycle to end before another data access cycle begins.

Front 5

SDRAM

Back 5

Synchronous DRAM operates in synchronization with the memory bus. The memory bus is the data path between the CPU and the main memory

Front 6

DDR SDRAM

Back 6

Double Data Rate SDRAM is memory that transfers data twice as fast as SDRAM. Transfers data twice per cycle.

Front 7

DDR2 SDRAM

Back 7

Double Data Rate 2 SDRAM is faster than DDR-SDRAM. It improves performance by decreasing noise and crosstalk between the signal wires.

Front 8

RDRAM

Back 8

RAMBus DRAM is a memory chip that was developed to communicate at very high rates of speed. RDRAM chips are not commonly used.

Front 9

DIP

Back 9

Dual Inline Packages is an individual memory chip. Has two rows of pins used to attach it to the motherboard

Front 10

SIMM

Back 10

Single Inline Memory Module is a small circuit board that holds several memory chips. They have 30-pin and 72-pin configurations

Front 11

DIMM

Back 11

Dual Inline Memory Module is a circuit board that holds SDRAM, DDR SDRAM, and DDR2 SDRAM chips. There are 168-pin SDRAM DIMMs, 184-pin DDR DIMMs, and 240-pin DDR2 DIMMs.

Front 12

RIMM

Back 12

RAM Bus Inline Memory Module is a circuit board that holds RDRAM chips. Typically has 184-pins

Front 13

Boot into startup mode

Back 13

F8

Front 14

NTLDR

Back 14

NTLDR runs NTDETECT.COM to get information about installed hardware.
NTLDR then uses the path specified in the BOOT.INI to find the boot partition.
NTLDR loads two files that make up the core of XP: NTOSKRNL.EXE and HAL.DLL.
NTLDR reads the Registry files, chooses a hardware profile, and loads device drivers

Front 15

SCSI Drive booting computer

Back 15

Windows will copy the NTBOOTDD.SYS file during installation when a SCSI drive is booting the system.

Front 16

Solid-ink Printer

Back 16

Use solid sticks or ink rather than toner or ink cartridges. They produce high quality images. The ink sticks are nontoxic and can be handled safely. They melt ink sticks and spray the ink through nozzles onto a drum which transfers the ink to paper. The ink is expensive and they are slow to warm, and expensive themselves.

Front 17

Drum Scanner

Back 17

Drum scanners produce a high-quality transfer of an image. Drum scanners are usually used commercially but are being replaced by lower-priced, high-quality flatbed scanners. Many drum scanners are still in use for high-end reproductions, such as archiving photographs in museums.

Front 18

Troubleshooting process

Back 18

1. Gather Data from customer
2. Verify Obvious Issues
3. Try Quick solutions first
4. Gather Data from computer
5. Evaluate problem and Implement Solution
6. Close with customer

Front 19

Printer will not print

Back 19

Delete print job from queue and print again

Front 20

Printer is printing unknown characters

Back 20

Uninstall and Reinstall the print driver

Front 21

Laser Printer prints lines or streaks on every page

Back 21

Replace the toner cartridge.