Islamic Vocabulary

Front 1

semetic speaking people of south western asia (Arabia/arabian peninsula)

Back 1

Arab

Front 2

the ruling member of the bedouin tribe, selected from one of the leading families by a council of elders called maljis

Back 2

sheikh

Front 3

nomadic peoples who came from the northern part of the peninsula, organized into tribes

Back 3

Bedouin Arabs

Front 4

a council of elders in the bedouin tribes, picked by the shieks. traditional leaders.

Back 4

maljis

Front 5

the supreme islamic god

Back 5

Allah

Front 6

a large black meteorite that the muslims worship contained in a shrine in the city of mecca. the shrine in the direction which muslims pray

Back 6

ka'aba

Front 7

a religious site as well as a commercial city, where the ka'aba is contained. central of Islamic civilization

Back 7

Mecca

Front 8

his spiritual visions unified the arab world. orphaned at age 6. prophet and founder of Islam. believed to be the last of the 4 prophets. his message was written down in the koran.

Back 8

Abraham

Front 9

a message from allah was conveyed to muhammad through this angel. this angel told muhammad to recite the name of the god who created him, symbolizing the oneness and power of god.

Back 9

gabriel

Front 10

dictations of muhammads revelations written by scribes. followers of muhammad and believers of islam use this text as a guide. written in arabic, it is the highest athority in islam.

Back 10

koran or qur'an

Front 11

followers of muhammad, practitioners of islam. people of the book. one who submits to the will of allah.

Back 11

Muslim

Front 12

means "submission" as in submission to the will of allah. The practice of those who follow muhammad and the koran and obey allahs word.

Back 12

Islam

Front 13

the rival city of yathrib, where muhammad retreated when he was objected to in mecca where he attempted to convert the people there (jews) to his beliefs. he found support in this place.

Back 13

Medina

Hint 13

not mecca, both begin with "m"

Front 14

the chapters of the koran

Back 14

suras

Front 15

the first muslim community, which began in medina. means "community" or also "brotherhood"

Back 15

the umma

Front 16

giving alms, charity, welfare tax, one of the 5 pillars of islam

Back 16

zakat

Front 17

ethical code built up of 5 necessary foundations for following the islamic religion

Back 17

the five pillars of islam

Hint 17

declaration of faith, salah, sawm, zakat, hajj

Front 18

5 pillars of islam: belief in allah and muhammad as his prophet

Back 18

declaration of faith

Hint 18

dpfwp or dsszh

Front 19

5 pillars of islam: prayer. 5 times a day and public prayer on friday at midday to worship allah

Back 19

salah, prayer

Hint 19

dpfwf or dsszh

Front 20

5 pillars of islam: fasting. observation of the holy month of ramadan. refraining from eating, drinking, smoking, conjugal relations, etc. during the ninth month

Back 20

sawm, fasting

Hint 20

dpfwf or dsszh

Front 21

the 5 pillars of islam: pilgrimage. making a trip, if possible, to mecca at least once in one's lifetime to pray, etc.

Back 21

hajj, pilgrimage

Hint 21

dpfwf or dsszh

Front 22

muslim scholars who rew up a law code called the shari'a to provide believers with a set of prescriptions to regulate their daily lives

Back 22

ulama

Front 23

a law code created by the ulama to provide believers with a set of prescriptions to regulate their daily lives. much of it was drawn from the koran or from the hadith.

Back 23

shari'a

Front 24

a collection of the sayings of the prophet that was used to supplement the revelations contained in the holy scriptures. source of guidance where there is no specific guidance in the koran. stories of muhhammad, essentially

Back 24

haddith

Front 25

shortly after muhammads death, a number of his closest followers selected this wealthy merchant from Medina who was muhammmads father in law and one of his first supporters as a caliph (literrally successor)

Back 25

Abu Bakr

Front 26

literally means successor. the temporal leader of the islamic community and sometimes considered a religious leader or imam. deputies. inlcuded abu bakr (f-i-l) and ali (s-i-l)

Back 26

caliph

Front 27

helped spread islam, a supporter of muhammad. a caliph. use the razzia or raid to struggle for authority against his enemies.

Back 27

abu bakr

Front 28

"Allah will bring to nothing the deeds of those who disbelieve and debar others from His path. As for the faithful who do good works and believe what is revealed to muhammad... he will forgive them their sins and enoble their state... as for those who are slain in the cause of allah, he will not allow their works to perish. he will vouchsafe them guidance... he will admit them to the paradise he has made known to them... when you meet non-believers in the battlefield strike off their heads.."
what is this an example of?

Back 28

the jihad or "holy war"

Front 29

religious leader. leads community prayers in the mosque.

Back 29

imam

Front 30

"to strive" or "to struggle". inlcludes struggle to defend muslim community holy war but also struggle within ones self to develop greater unerstaning and commitment to islam

Back 30

jihad

Front 31

where muslims are called to prayer

Back 31

minaret

Front 32

a branch of islam. means "majority." believe that the caliph of muhammad shoul be democratically chosen

Back 32

sunni

Front 33

another branch of islam. means "partisans." believe that the leadership of the muslim community shoul be based on a hereditary principle.

Back 33

shi'a

Front 34

the journey in which muhammad retreated to Medina, where the first islamic community or "umma" was founded. muslim dates calculated from this journey in 621 ce.

Back 34

hijrah or hajirah

Front 35

the actions of muhammad

Back 35

sunna

Front 36

calls people to prayer in a mosque.

Back 36

muezzin

Hint 36

calls from the minaret. begins with an m. minaret, m_______

Front 37

preaches friday sermons in the mosque

Back 37

khatib

Front 38

where the scholars stayed. Jews, muslims, and christians were dispatched to go throughout the empire to find as many ancient texts as possible. it was a place to study and exchange ideas in baghdad.

Back 38

the house of wisdom

Front 39

the jewel of the world. contained the house of wisodm. an architechtural achievement and the intellectual center of the islamic empire.

Back 39

baghdad

Front 40

the language that the arabs speak. the koran is written in this language.

Back 40

arabic

Hint 40

oh come on. arab. arabian. what do they speak??