Ipa

Front 1

Articulators

Back 1

structures that move or are touched for us to make speech sounds

Front 2

6 Articulators

Back 2

tongue, jaw, lips, teeth, 2 palates

Front 3

Nasal Sounds

Back 3

m, n, and ng

Front 4

Resonance

Back 4

vocal quality based on size and shape of faces

Front 5

System 1

Back 5

1. Quick inhalation with slow exhalation while we speak
2. We inhale rapidly and we slowly exhale (up to 15 seconds)
3. Inhale slowly through the trachea

Front 6

System 2

Back 6

1. Next, goes to larynx
2. We make sounds that phonate
3. Air makes vocal folds vibrate
4. Vocal folds vibrate at rate due to size

Front 7

High voice - vocal folds are ___ & ___

Back 7

longer and thinner

Front 8

Man Vocal Folds = __ - __ per sec.

Back 8

120-125

Front 9

Women's Vocal Folds = __ per sec.

Back 9

220

Front 10

Children's Vocal Folds = __ - __ per sec.

Back 10

300-400

Front 11

1. Brief ___ of air to _____.

Back 11

Inhalation, lungs

Front 12

2. Controlled _______ travels from _____ to ______.

Back 12

Exhalation, lungs, trachea

Front 13

3. Air travels through ______ _____s which _____ to make a _____.

Back 13

Vocal folds, vibrate, voice

Front 14

4. Vocal sound passes through _____ and through ____ _____ producing ______.

Back 14

Pharynx, vocal tract, resonance

Front 15

5. Oral structures ( ________ ) move into different positions to make _______.

Back 15

Articulators, phonemes

Front 16

6. For most phonemes the sound exists through _____. For m, n and ng it exists through the _____.

Back 16

Mouth, nose

Front 17

Vowels
1. Number
2. Produced w/

Back 17

1. 18
2. A more or less unobstructed vocal tract

Front 18

Voiced Sounds
1. Produced by
2. Many ____ are voiced. All ____ are voiced.

Back 18

1. Having the vocal folds vibrate
2. Consonants, vowels

Front 19

Unvoiced
1. _____ do their thing but there is no _____ or _____.

Back 19

1. Articulators, sound, voice

Front 20

Phoneme

Back 20

Smallest unit of speech sound, capable of making a different meaning

Front 21

Phone

Back 21

Any sound that can be produced by the vocal tract

Front 22

Allophone

Back 22

A non-meaningful variant form of a phoneme (ten, tenth)

Front 23

Cognates

Back 23

Same place and manner, one is voiced, one is voiceless (f/v, s/d)

Front 24

Speech

Back 24

the process of producing sounds for transmitting verbal messages

Front 25

Articulation

Back 25

Actions of speech that modify the breath stream resulting in sound

Front 27

Labio-dentals

Back 27

sounds produced with the lower lip raised to contact the upper teeth

Front 28

Alveolars

Back 28

sounds produced when the tongue contact the upper alveolar ridge

Front 29

Lingua-dentals

Back 29

sounds produced when the tongue contacts the teeth

Front 30

Palatals

Back 30

sounds produced when the back of the tongue contacts some portion of the hard palate

Front 31

Velars

Back 31

sounds produced when the back of the tongue contacts some portion of the soft palate

Front 32

Glottals

Back 32

sounds made by narrowing the glottis by partially adducting the vocal folds so some frication or turbulence is produced

Front 33

Stops

Back 33

sounds produced with complete stoppage of the airflow through the vocal tract

Front 34

Fricatives

Back 34

sounds produced by partially blocking the breath stream, thus causing turbulence or friction

Front 35

Affricatives

Back 35

sounds that begin with a stop and released as a fricative

Front 36

Nasals

Back 36

sounds produced by opening the passageway into the nasal cavity

Front 37

Glides

Back 37

sounds produced when making a gliding motion from partial constriction to more open state

Front 38

Liquids

Back 38

sounds produced when airflow travels around one or both sides of the tongue

Front 39

High to Low Sounds

Back 39

i I e 3 ae
u U o c a

Front 40

Dipthongs

Back 40

sounds produced by moving from one vowel position to another

Front 41

Stress

Back 41

Prominence of a syllable with a words, phrase, or sentence

Front 42

Stress is identified by (3)

Back 42

1. Loudness - stressed are louder
2. Length - stressed are longer, partially the vowel
3. Vowel Quality - the stressed vowel is more distinct

Front 43

Words can have _____, _____, or _____ stress.

Back 43

Primary, secondary, tertiary

Front 44

For some vowel sounds:

Back 44

A different symbol will be used for syllables with primary stress.

Front 45

3' / __

Back 45

stressed/ other is unstressed

Front 46

Carrot

Back 46

Stressed/ shwa, unstressed

Front 47

o

Back 47

unstressed/ OU stressed

Front 48

e

Back 48

unstressed/ stressed ei

Front 49

-ed
1. last sound is voiced
2. ends in t or d
3. unvoiced

Back 49

1. d
2. ed
3. t