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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what does "ARTHROPODA" mean?
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having segmented feet
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which is the largest of all phylum of animals?
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Phylum Arthropoda
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which phylum is characterized by having jointed, flexible appendages?
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Phylum Arthropoda
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what kind of skeletons to arthropods have?
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an exoskeleton made out of chitin
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what subclass are most marine arthropods included in? (ex Crabs, Shrimp, and Lobster)
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Subclass Curstacea
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how are crustaceans specialized for aquatic life?
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1. Gills
2. chitin exoskeleton |
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copepods
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most abundant zooplankton
-either holoplankton or parasitic on fish |
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amphipods
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often live on algae
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krill
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planktonic shrimp-like crustaceans
-common in polar waters -eaten by some whales |
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barnacles
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sessile filter feeders
-internal fertilization |
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how long is a barnacle's penis?
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6x the length of their body
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what are decapods?
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they are the largest group of crustaceans
-they have 10 legs |
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what are horseshoe crabs and what class are they in?
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-they are the only surviving member of Class Merostomata
-they are 'living fossils' |
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where do horseshoe crabs live?
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on soft bottoms in shallow waters on the atlantic and gulf coasts of north america & south east asia
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what are sea spiders and where are they found?
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-only superficially resemble true spiders
-they are common in cold waters but occur throughout the oceans |
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what phylum are "Bryozoans" part of?
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Phylum Ectoprocta
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what does ECTOPROCTA mean?
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moss animals
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what is the defining characteristic of Bryozoans?
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-they live cooperatively in colonies
-they feed on small phytoplankton using a specialized structure called a lophophore |
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what are arrow worms?
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they are the smallest animal Phyla
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are arrow worms really worms?
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no they are a plankton
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what phylum are arrow worms in?
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Chaetognatha
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what do arrow worms eat?
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small crustaceans
eggs/larvae of fish other arrow worms |
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what does ECHINODERMATA mean?
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'spiny skin'
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what is a 'water vascular system' and what phylum is it found in?
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-Echinoderms are the only ones who used this
-water-filled canals are used instead of blood in veins |
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do echinoderms have a head?
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no they have oral and aboral surfaces
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do echinoderms have an exoskelleton?
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no they have an internal one
-it is secreted within tissues |
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what are tubefeet?
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they are muscular extensions of canals, they usually also have suckers
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how do echinoderms reproduce?
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they can reproduce sexually & asexually (cut off a leg, the body will grow back in some species)
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What are four important classes of Echinoderms?
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1. Class Asteroidea
2. Class Ophiuroidea 3. Class Echinoidea 4. Class Holothuroidea |
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what animals are found in the Class Asteroidea?
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sea stars
-skeleton is made up of separate plates to enhance flexibility |
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what animals are found in Class Ophiuroidea?
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brittle stars
-arms are long and flexible allowing for better movement -they are more fragile so they are found under rocks, corals etc |
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what animals are found in Class Echinoidea?
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sea urchins, sand dollars, etc
-skeleton is rigid and round with movable spines -they graze on algae |
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what animals are found in Class Holothuroidea?
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sea cucumbers
-lack spines |
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what is the skeleton of a sea cucumber made out of?
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tiny calcium carbonates spicules scattered in skin to help strengthen the body
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what are hemichordates and what is their significance?
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they are a small and infrequently seen group of worms
-they are important because they link chordates (our phylum) with other groups of animals |
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what does "CHORDATA" mean?
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with a nerve cord
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what are some distinguishing characteristics of chordates?
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1. single, hollow, dorsal nerve cord (in humans = spinal cord)
2. gills or gill slits 3. notocord = flexible rod for support |
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what are tunicates?
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-all are marine, most are called sea squirts
-tunicate means gelatinous covering -they are filter feeders, often confused with sponges |
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what are lancelets and what is their significance?
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they are a fish-like cordate
-the only thing that separates this animal from vertebrates is its lack of spinal cord |
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where does the octopus expert from the video work?
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at a zoology station in Naples, Italy
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