Invert. Zoology - Exam 2

Front 1

Characteristics of Protostomes vs. Deuterostomes:

Mouth origin

Back 1

Protostomes - blastopore
Deuterostomes - never from blastopore

Front 2

Characteristics of Protostomes vs Deuterostomes:
Coelom formation

Back 2

Protostomes: Schizocoely
Deuterostomes: Enterocoely

Front 3

Characteristics of Protostomes vs Deuterostomes:

Cleavage pattern

Back 3

Protostomes: Spiral
Deuterostomes: Radial

Front 4

Characteristics of Protostomes vs. Deuterostomes:

2nd Cleavage cell fates

Back 4

Protostome: Determinate
Deuterostome: Indeterminate

Front 5

Schizocoelous

Back 5

Solid masses of mesoderm split to form coelom

Front 6

Enterocoelous

Back 6

Folds of archenteron form coelom

Front 7

Characteristics of Platyhelminthes

Back 7

Flat, acoelomate, gastrovascular cavity, cephalization with anterior brain and paired longitudinal nerve cords, protonephridial system, and hemaphodites

Front 8

Photonephridial system

Back 8

flame cell (ciliated)
solenocyte (single flagellum)

Front 9

3 Classes of Platyhelminthes and their common names:

Back 9

Class Turbellaria – freshwater, terrestrial, and marine flatworms
Class Cestoda - tapeworms
Class Trematoda - flukes

Front 10

Characteristics of Class Turbellaria

Back 10

-Freshwater, marine and terrestrial
-Active carnivores (free living)
-Variation in development of gastrovascular cavity
-Both marine and terrestrial (still prefer damp, trop. or subtropical places)

Front 11

Characteristics of Cestoda

Back 11

-Scolex
-Proglottids
-No gut
-Tegument
-Non-ciliated syncytial covering
-Parasitic

Front 12

Characteristics of Class Trematoda

Back 12

Bilobed or two-branched gut
Tegument
Parasitic - 2 + hosts in life cycle
Definitive host – home of adult fluke
Intermediate hosts – homes of larval stages

Front 13

Ectoparasites

Back 13

parasites that remain on the outside of the host

(examples include monogenea, ticks, fleas, mosquitos, etc.)

Front 14

Endoparasites

Define and provide 4 main types:

Back 14

parasite that inhabits the internal organs or tissues of an animal

1. Parasitoid
2. Parasitic castrators
3. Single host
4. Multiple host

Front 15

Parasitoid

Back 15

Completely consumes host; many wasps and flies

Example: Wasp eggs on catepillar - Kills the host

Front 16

Parasitic castrator

Back 16

Castrates host prolonging host life; barnacles on crab

Front 17

Single host (parasites)

Back 17

Only one host is involved - primary host without the use of an intermediate.

Front 18

Multiple host (parasites)

Back 18

Definitive host – home of adult stage
Intermediate hosts – home of larval stages

Front 19

Challenges for survival and reproduction by parasites?

Back 19

1) Dispersal - Some produce massive number of propagules; Alter host behavior to enhance transmission;Prolong host life span

2) Evading host defenses -Cloaking and the parasite vaccine issue; Encapsulation

3) Energy - Alter host metabolism - castrators