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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anatomy
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studies the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another
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Physiology
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concerns how the body parts work, or function, and how they carry out life sustaining activities
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devisions of anatomy
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gross or macroscopic anatomy
microscopic anatomy developmental anatomy radiographic anatomy pathological anatomy |
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gross or macroscopic anatomy
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study of large structures visible to naked eye
ex)heart,lungs, and kidneys |
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regional anatomy
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all of the structures in a particular region of the body are examined at the same time
ex) abdomen |
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systemic anatomy
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body structure is studied system by system
ex) cardiovascular system-study the heart and blood vessels of the entire body |
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surface anatomy
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study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface
ex) use to find palses and draw blood |
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microscopic anatomy
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study of structures to small for the naked eye
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cytology
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study of the cells of the body
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histology
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study of tissue(groups of cells that work together)
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developmental anatomy
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study structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span
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embryology
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type of developmental anatomy that focuses on development that occurs before birth
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pathological anatomy
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study of structural changes caused by disease
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Radiographic anatomy
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study of internal structures as viewed by x-ray images or specialized scanning procedures
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Divisions of Physiology
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cell physiology,systems physiology, pathophysiology,exercise physiology,neurophysiology, endocrinology,cardiovascular physiology,immunolgy,respiratory physiology,renal physiology,reproductive physiology
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cell physiology
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study of functions of the cells
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systems physiology
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study of the operations of organ systems
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pathophysiology
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study of functional changes associated with disease and aging
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exercise physiology
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study of changes in cell and organ functions during muscular activity
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neurophysiology
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study of functional characteristics of nerve cells
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endocrinology
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study of hormones (chemical regulaters in the blood) and how they control body functions
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cardiovascular physiology
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study of functions of the heart and blood vessels
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immunology
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study of blood defence mechanisms
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respiratory physiology
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study of functions of air passageways and lungs
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renal physiology
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study of functions of the kidneys
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reproductive physiology
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study of the functions of reproductive structures
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Principle of Complementarity of Structure and Function
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Anatomy and physiology are pretty much inseperable
-function always reflects structure -what a structure can do depends on its specific form |
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levels of structural organization
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chemical-atoms and molecules
cellular-smallest units of living tissue-groups of similar cells organ-several tissues interact organ system-organs work together to accomlish a purpose organism-living human being |
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Maintaining life
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all living organisms carry out certain vital functional activities necessary for life
-maintance of boundaries ,movement, responsiveness,digestion, metabolism,excretion, reproduction,growth |
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survival needs
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nutrients
oxygen water normal body temp. appropriate atmospheric pressure |
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maintaing boundaries
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body's internal environment must remain distinct from external environment surrounding it
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movement
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motion of the whole body,individual organs,single cells, or even organelles inside the cells
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responsiveness
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ability to detect and respond to changes in the external and internal environment
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digestion
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breaking down of ingested foodstuffs to simple molecules that can be absorbed into the blood
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metabolism
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sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the body
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growth
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refers to increase in size and complexity
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reproduction
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refers to either the formation of new cells for growth, repair, or replacement, or the production of a new individual
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excretion
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process of removing wastes from the body
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