Intro. To Theatre Final

Front 1

This was the first play in North America? Language? Where was it played?

Back 1

1. The Theatre of Neptune

2. French

3. Novia Scotia

Front 2

This play was done in Nova Scotia and caused a ban in 1694?

Back 2

Tartuffe

Front 3

This was the first play done in the colonies? Where?

Back 3

1. Ye Bear (England) and Ye Cub (Colonists)

2. Williamsburg, VA

Front 4

Actors were jailed and this play was a complaint against unfair taxation?

Back 4

Ye Bear and Ye Cub

Front 5

In the end of the 17th century plays returned in this form? These schools originated as what?

Back 5

1. Harvard and William and Mary students did plays like Tudor School Dramas

2. Seminaries

Front 6

This was the first professional actor in the colonies?

Back 6

Anthony Aston

Front 7

The first permanent theatre was built in 1716 where? What happened to it in 1745?

Back 7

1. Williamsburg

2. Burned

Front 8

The first real theatre troupe that originally played in a converted warehouse and then toured but disappeared from history in 1752?

Back 8

Murray and Kean in Philadelphia

Front 9

This lead to theatre being banned in Boston in 1750?

Back 9

The Orphan

Front 10

In 1751 this person arrived from England to establish the beginning of professional theatre in the colonies? He was from a famous British acting family but their group was shut down in 1751, so moved to America.

Back 10

William Hallam

Front 11

In Oct. 1774 the Continental Congress bans theatre due to this?

Back 11

Issues with redcoats.

Front 12

By the 1780's theatre has a revival and this was the center of it?

Back 12

Philadelphia

Front 13

The first truly American comedy by pros that had native characters and situations? It introduced this type of character that was on the surface a hick or buffoon?

Back 13

1. Royal Tyler, The Contrast

2. Stage Yankee

Front 14

This person wrote the first native tragedy that centered around a British spy in the revolutionary war? What was the name of the play?

Back 14

1. William Dunlap

2. Andre

Front 15

By the end of the 18th century American theatre flourishes and it is mostly made up of?

Back 15

1. European melodrama with American characters.

2. Romantic melodrama

Front 16

Theatre was stronger here? Why?

Back 16

1. South

2. B/c of Puritan influence and lack of leisure time in the North. South had planter class and slavery.

Front 17

Early 1800's saw the rise of this?

Back 17

Frontier Theatre

Front 18

This person established the first frontier theatre circuit tour that traveled from Albany, Pittsburgh, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Tennessee, and Missouri? It was known for this?

Back 18

1. Samuel Drake

2. Imaginative use of scenery (canvas drops including a painted proscenium).

Front 19

These were the ones who toured the South (TN, AL, MS) and become the most influential frontier theatre troupe using a boat to travel down river?

Back 19

Noah Ludlow and Solomon Smith

Front 20

This was the first type of American theatre performed by African Americans? Who led the genre?

Back 20

1. African Grove (named after garden area where plays were performed)

2. William Alexander Brown

Front 21

The African Grove troupe performed these types of plays? Main star?

Back 21

1. Richard III, Othello, Classics...

2. James Hewlett from West Indies

Front 22

This was the first play written by an African American playwright and was about an insurrection on the island of St. Vincent?

Back 22

William Alexander Brown's "King Shotaway"

Front 23

This was the type of theatre that occured on water b/c water travel was still the most common despite railroad opening in 1830?

Back 23

Showboats

Front 24

This person converted a boat into a floating theatre that traveled down river from Pittsburgh to New Orleans performing in towns along the way and the genre continued until 1925?

Back 24

William Chapman

Front 25

The last operational showboat is docked where?

Back 25

Cincinnati, OH

Front 26

This place led the South in theatre architecture?

Back 26

New Orleans

Front 27

This was the first theatre in New Orleans? Follow by this one?

Back 27

1. Orleans Theatre

2. Camp Street

Front 28

Which was the first theatre to have gas lighting (two years earlier than any theatre in New York even)?

Back 28

Camp Street

Front 29

This was named the most magnificient theatre in America at the time of its opening in 1835 and had the largest stage in the US (90x95)?

Back 29

St. Charles

Front 30

This was a stock character introduced by Thomas D. Rice in blackface in 1828 and was a song and dance act that helped lead to the popularity of minstrel shows and "Ethopian Operas"?

Back 30

Jim Crow

Front 31

These were divided into two parts: 1) performers in an arc such as Tambo and Bones, Interlocutor-MC, and Jokes and Songs. 2) Olio which was specialty acts and songs?

Back 31

Minstrel Shows

Front 32

This group even participated in Minstrel Shows?

Back 32

African American troupes

Front 33

In the 1840's western expansion explodes leading to this?

Back 33

First professional theatre group performing in California in 1849

Front 34

Theatre did this?

Back 34

Followed the gold

Front 35

This happened in 1869 leading more people out west? Who was one the most famous people that performed in these railroad troupes?

Back 35

1. Railroad opened

2. Helen Hayes

Front 36

This was the most popular play of the 1850's that led to greater desire for abolition? Author? Ran for how many performances?

Back 36

1. Uncle Tom's Cabin

2. Harriet Beecher Stowe

3. Ran for 300 performances

Front 37

As late as 1927 there were still how many companies that only performed Uncle Tom's Cabin?

Back 37

12

Front 38

This was one of the best actors of the late 1800's that made his debut in 1849 in his father's company?

Back 38

Edwin Booth (brother of John Wilkes Booth)

Front 39

Edwin Booth leased this place and did a highly acclaimed Shakespeare run including running Hamlet for 100 nights ( a record not broken until the 20th century)? In 1869 he built this?

Back 39

1. Winter Garden in NY

2. Booth's Theatre

Front 40

Edwin Booth was noted for these contributions to theatre?

Back 40

1. Stage floor level (not raked)

2. No grooves (introduced stage braces)

3. Scenery built under stage and raised on elevators to stage level

4. Full fly space

Front 41

This parodied other plays, people, or current events and featured song and dance that appealed to the masses. It also included broad comedy, spectacle and scantily clad women that later evolved into striptease in the 1920's?

Back 41

Burlesque

Front 42

This person set out to make burlesque "family friendly" introducing variety acts, sketches, short plays, and musical performances? This became known as? This was the ultimate version of it?

Back 42

1. Tony Pastor

2. Vaudeville

3. Ziegfeld's Follies

Front 43

The spelling of wright indicated this?

Back 43

Craft or Skill

Front 44

A playwright must do this?

Back 44

1. Story must be told through dialogue

2. Compression of time

3. Must rely on others to interpret work

Front 45

This created a need for more specialized theatre artists?

Back 45

The complexity of Romantic theatre

Front 46

This led to a reform from Romantic theatre?

Back 46

1. Romantic excesses

2. artificial acting styles

3. overblown production (scenery, costumes)

4. lack of unified vision

Front 47

This person was the first modern director known as this and had total control over every aspect of production?

Back 47

1. George II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen

2. Rigisseur

Front 48

George II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen is known for this?

Back 48

1. Eliminating star

2. Making productions natural and life-like

3. accurate scenery and costumes

4. introduces blocking (moving people around on stage)

5. tours extensively (esp. in France)

Front 49

What was another factor that led to the decline of Romanticism?

Examples include?

Back 49

1. Scientific advances shifted the way people looked at society, life, and the universe

2. Darwin: evolution, Marx: class struggle, Freud: why we really act that way

Front 50

This was a new movement in art and literature that focused on the study of life and character?

Back 50

Naturalism

Front 51

The role of director includes?

Back 51

1. Select script

2. Interpretive or creative?

3. Selects cast, usually auditions

4. Table work, discussion, designs presented

5. Blocking, movement patterns

6. Polishing: rhythm, pace, etc.

7. Tech and dress, costumes and scenery added

8. Show opens, director goes away

9. Stage manager responsible now

Front 52

One of the most controversial novelist of the naturalism movement that dealt with real life was?

Back 52

Emile Zola

Front 53

This person led the free theatre movement (Theatre Libre)? This was the first production?

Back 53

1. Andre Antione

2. Zola's "Jacques Damour"

Front 54

The free theatre movement coupled the literary style of naturalism with the directing style of this?

Back 54

Saxe Meiningen

Front 55

Examples of the free theatre movement and naturalism include?

Back 55

1. Frie Buhn in Berlin

2. Independent Theatre in London

3. Moscow Art Theatre in Moscow

Front 56

Ways the free theatre was significant include"

Back 56

1. Memberships to avoid governmental censorship

2. Venue for naturalism

3. serious drama that led to social change

4. was missing the playwright though

Front 57

This person was considered the father of modern theatre? He was raised rich but dad went broke?

Back 57

Henrik Ibsen

Front 58

Ibsen started at this theatre? First play? most famous? Most controverisal play?

Back 58

1. Norwegian national theatre

2. Peer Gynt

3. Doll's House

4. Ghosts

Front 59

This person develops physical theory that imitates physical mannerisms of character and "inner truth" of character arises naturally?

Back 59

Coquelin

Front 60

This person introduced emotional memory that recreates the emotion of a character and physical reality of character arises naturally. Controversial b/c of emotional memory idea?

Back 60

Stanislavski

Front 61

It is said an actor only has these two tools?

Back 61

Voice and Body

Front 62

This was known as a heightening, over the top take on life that was influenced by WWI and the Titanic disaster?

Back 62

Expressionism

Front 63

This relies on the concept of truth being an observable norm?

Back 63

Neoclassisicm

Front 64

This states truth is infinity of existence?

Back 64

Romanticism

Front 65

This states that truth is scientific method?

Back 65

Naturalizm

Front 66

These states that truth is subjective?

Back 66

Expressionism

Front 67

This seeks to express and emotion or idea. Realism is not a goal, voices and speech are altered, scenery seeks to create feeling of piece and plot is structured to enhance feeling?

Back 67

Expressionist theatre

Front 68

This playwright was the biggest expressionist in America?

Back 68

Eugene O'Neill

Front 69

An example of expressionist theatre is?

Back 69

The Hairy Ape

Front 70

This was familiar to the free theatre movement in Europe and introduced audiences to new style of American playwrights?

Back 70

Toy Theatre Movement

Front 71

Famous toy theatres included?

Back 71

1. Toy Theatre in Boston

2. Chicago Little Theatre (Williams)

3. Provincetown Player (O'Neill)

Front 72

What was the first toy theatre play to get international acclaim?

Back 72

Eugene O'Neill's "Emperor Jones"

Front 73

Toy theares (later little theatres) allow for this? led to this genre?

Back 73

1. Production of plays that weren't "crowd pleasers"

2. musical theatre

Front 74

This is considered America's truly unique contribution to theatre?

Back 74

Musical Theatre

Front 75

The first "musicals were this?

Back 75

just musical revues

Front 76

Most of the original musicals were this in origin?

Back 76

British

Front 77

The first major musical playwright was this person who was hired to Americanize,British musicals?

Back 77

Jerome Kern

Front 78

Kern and Bolton at the princess theatre developed this?

Back 78

A type of musical that advance a plot through musical numbers

Front 79

The grand daddy of musicals and the first real success in the genre was?

Back 79

Showboat

Front 80

This was an anti-art, anti-aesthetic movement lead by Duchamp, Arp, and Schwitters at the Cabaret Voltaire in Zurich?

Back 80

Dadaism

Front 81

FDR established the Works Progress Administration and this was a part of it founded in 1935 to employ actors, etc?

Back 81

The Federal Theatre Project

Front 82

This led to the end of the FTP?

Back 82

The New York regions The Living Newspaper series

Front 83

The Living Newspaper used projections, news clips, etc. to make points about controversial topics. It was developed by? Famous examples were? It addressed these?

Back 83

1. Elmer Rice

2. Ethiopia depicting Mussolini's invasion of Ethiopia, Cradle Will Rock, and One Third of a Nation.

3. Addressed farm aid, syphilis, tva, etc.

Front 84

This style was popular in the 1950's as a result of WWII?

Back 84

Theatre of the Absurd

Front 85

One of the most famous absurdist productions was?

Back 85

Waiting for Godot by Beckett (see Lucky's speech)

Front 86

What country was as the center of the theatre of the absurd movement? what were major tools? a modern example?

Back 86

1. France

2. Laughter and fantasy

3. Seinfeld

Front 87

This is mostly associated with Broadway?

Back 87

Musicals

Front 88

The US only has national theatre in this format?

Back 88

Higher Ed and some charity theatre

Front 89

The forerunners of American theatre included?

Back 89

1. Operettas (Gilbert and Sullivan with Pirates of Penzance, H.M.S. Pinafore)

2. British Musical Halls (variety shows)

3. American Vaudeville and Burlesque

Front 90

Biggest names in Musical Theatre included:

Back 90

1. Victor Herbert-Babes in Toyland (1903)

2. Kern (Showboat) solidifies genre

3. Irving Berlin (Annie Get Your Gun)

4. Cole Porter (Kiss Me Kate)

5. George Gershwin (Porgy and Bess)

6. Rogers and Hammerstein (Oklahoma, Sound of Music)

Front 91

These were the earliest types of musicals that were based on musical revues but had more plot. Remembered most for songs that derived from them such as "Someone to Watch Over Me" and "You'll Never Walk Alone"?

Back 91

Book Musicals

Front 92

These were musicals that were serious comedy with happy endings. They were romantic and focused on the common man. The first type to use music to advance plot and define character. Famous examples included Showboat, Oklahoma, South Pacific?

Back 92

Integrated Musical

Front 93

These types of musicals were born from Avant-garde theatre and centered around a theme or idea rather than a linear plot. Famous examples are Hair, Company, A Chorus Line. Famous Song: Age of AQUARIUS

Back 93

Concept Musical

Front 94

These type of musicals have little or no dialogue, use spectacle, and dominated in the 1970's and 1980's. Famous examples?

Back 94

1. Sung-Through

2. Phatom of the Opera (gimmick included chandelier), Les Miserables (massive amounts of people), Cats (costumes), Evita, Godspell, Miss Saigon (helicopter)

Front 95

This is a genre that is very popular today and takes songs and then makes a musical around them? Examples include?

Back 95

1. Jukebox Musical

2. Mama Mia, Jersey Boys, Movin Out, Rock of Ages

Front 96

Disney Has Gotten into the Broadway Game. Examples include?

Back 96

1. Beauty and the Beast (1st)

2. Lion King

3. Aida

4. Tarzan

5. Little Mermaid

6. Aladdin

7. Copycats include: Spiderman, Shrek, Etc...

Front 97

There is currently very little of this on Broadway?

Back 97

Original productions

Front 98

This was a style that believed that the truths of life could not be expressed directly but only in metaphorical and allusive manner?

Back 98

Symbolism

Front 99

This style usually focused on political and social questions in a stage world close to nightmare?

Back 99

Expressionsim

Front 100

This style was the practice of Vsevolod Meyerhold and paralleled that of the German Expressionists. Focused on theatrical art suitable for a machine age?

Back 100

Constructivism

Front 101

This was a training system and performance style for actors based on an industrial theory of work? They were to be well trained machines.

Back 101

Biomechanics.

Front 102

This person believed that theatre should educate citizens on how to bring about socially responsible change?

Back 102

Bertolt Brecht

Front 103

This type of theatre focused on the mixing of narrative and dramatic episodes, the telscoping of time and place, and the spanning of years and countries?

Back 103

Epic Theatre

Front 104

This was an avant garde tendency in stage design that favored simplified, sometimes abstract settings; nonrealism, lighting as a major design component and alternatives to the proscenium stage?

Back 104

New Stagecraft

Front 105

This is known as the arousing of feelings out of proportion to their cause--aka "easy tears"?

Back 105

Sentimentality

Front 106

This focused on the exploitation of unquestioned good and evil, the good always under threat from the evil, but triumphing in the end? This term also means "music drama"

Back 106

Melodrama

Front 107

This person was the first to demand a percentage of box office receipts instead of a flat fee, thus starting the practice of this?

Back 107

1. Irish-American Dion Boucicault

2. Royalties

Front 108

This is a term used to describe incredible historical accuracy in costumes and sets?

Back 108

Antiquarianism