Intro To The Principles Of Pharmacology (Foundations Exam 2)

Front 1

pharmacology

Back 1

the science basic to medicine that is about the effects of chemicals on living systems at all levels of organization (molecular to whole body)
- prevent, diagnose, treat
- modify (do not create) physio processes

Front 2

pharmacodynamics

Back 2

the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action
- the drug having effects on the body

Front 3

pharmacokinetics

Back 3

the absorption, distribution, biotransformation and excretion of drugs
- the body having actions on the drug

Front 4

toxicology

Back 4

an aspect of pharmacology that deals with the adverse effects of drugs and chemicals

Front 5

Three general mechanisms of drugs

Back 5

1. replacement therapy
2. chemical antagonist
3. nonspecific

Front 6

replacement therapy

Back 6

- treatment for a deficiency in some essential component of a normally functioning body -- iron, vitamins, neurotransmitter, or a hormone
examples: insulin deficiency in Diabetes Mellitus
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) decrease degradation of serotonin

Front 7

pharmacotherapeutics

Back 7

the use of drugs in the prevention and treatment of disease
- provide relief of symptoms
- alter favorably the course of the disease

Front 8

chemical antagonist

Back 8

treatment for the excess action of some normal or essential ingredient of an organism --> causes difficulties
examples: antacids to counteract heartburn produced by gastric acidity
- specific (receptors) antagonists to counteract an exogenous substance
example: opioid antagonist (naloxone) during heroin overdose

Front 9

nonspecific drugs

Back 9

drugs which act simply because of their presence
- specific part of body is altered
examples: laxatives and antacids act on the GI tract

Front 10

drug affinity for receptor

Back 10

- appropriate size, shape, charge, and atomic composition

Front 11

KADME

Back 11

Kinetics
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion

Front 12

components of drug disposition

Back 12

absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination/excretion

Front 13

disposition rates influence....

Back 13

tissue drug concentration

(elimination/excretion rate = greatest influence)

Front 14

therapeutic window

Back 14

a relative measure of dose that a drug can achieve a therapeutic effect without producing a side effect

Front 15

therapeutic window equation

Back 15

ratio of TD50 (toxic dose) to the ED50 (effective dose) for the desired effect

Front 16

desirable therapeutic window

Back 16

large
- 100 or more