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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
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Set up the first psych lab in Leipzig, Germany
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What did Structuralists believe?
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That consciousness was made up of basic elements that were combined in the different ways to produce different perceptions
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What is introspection?
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Involves reporting on one's own conscious thoughts and feelings.
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Who is Edward Titchener?
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He set up the first psych lab in the U.S.
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What do functionalists believe?
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That consciousness, and behavior in general, helped people and animals adjust to their environment
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Focus on understanding how physiological and biochemical processes might produce psychological phenomena
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Biological Approach
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Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors stem from the interaction of innate drives and society's restrictions on the expression of those drives.
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Psychodynamic Approach
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Who said the most important urges are the sexual and aggressive ones?
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Sigmund Freud
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Explain behavior primarily in terms of learned responses to predictable patterns of the environmental stimuli.
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Behaviorist Approach
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Who studied classical conditioning?
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Pavlov
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Who studied operant conditioning?
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Skinner
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The "cause" is represented by what?
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Independent variable
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The "effect" is represented by what?
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Dependent variable
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What is Blind study?
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If subjects do not know whether they're receiving the drug or placebo.
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Who does not know about the placebo in a double-blind study?
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The subjects and the experimenters
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Involves assessing the relationship between two variables
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Correlational studies
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Means that high score on one variable tend to pair with high score on the other variable.
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Positive relationship
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Means that high scores on the one variable tend to be paired with low scores on the other variable
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Negative relationship
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Describes the strength of a relationship.
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Correlation coefficient
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Involve in-depth analysis of only one person.
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Case study
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Study as it occurs in real-life settings.
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Naturalistic Observation
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Agreement among observers is a measure of what?
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Inter-judge reliability
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Concerned with how communication happens and how behavior is influenced by it.
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Behavioral Neuroscience
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Detect heat, or light, or touch and the pass information about those stimuli on to the brain.
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Sense receptors
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Pathways for communication of sense receptors.
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Neurons
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Take in information from the body tissues and sense organs, and transmit it to the spinal cord and brain.
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Sensory Neurons
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Send information in the opposite direction;
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Motor Neurons
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Communicate with other neurons.
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Interneurons ( associative neurons)
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Short, bushy fibers that take information in from outside the cell.
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Dendrites
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Long fibers that pass info. along to other nerve cells, to glands, or to muscles.
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Axons
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A fatty tissue that surrounds the axon and accelerates transmission of info.
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Myelin Sheath
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Electrically charged atoms
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Ions
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Maintained because the axon's membrane won't let positive ions into the cell unless the cell receives a signal from the dendrites.
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Resting potential
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The neuron pumps out the sodium ions and can then fire again
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Refractory Period
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Junction where the end of one neuron meets the beginning of another
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Synapse
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Helps control arousal and sleep
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Serotonin
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