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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define POM-V |
Prescription Only Medication, Veterinarian Only prescribable by a vet who has seen that animal |
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Four mechanisms of drug action |
Enzymes (50%) Ion channels Receptors Physical action |
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Drugs that act on receptors can be |
Agonists which bind and activate Antagonists which bind and block |
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Define pharmacokinetics |
What the body does to the drug E.g. distribution, metabolism Underlies dosage as it will affect whether the drug remains at effective concentration |
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Define pharmacodynamics |
What the drug does to the body (4 mechanisms) |
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Describe POM-VPS drugs |
Vet, Pharmacist or Suitably Qualified Person Does not need to have seen animal, may ask questions Medicines with long history of use where safety is well understood. Makes some treatments e.g. flea treatment cheaper |
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Who regulates drugs for animals? |
Veterinary Medicines Directorate EU 😯 |
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Describe the Cascade |
1. A drug available for that condition in that species 2. Off label use (species or condition relevant) 3. A drug licensed for human use in the UK 4. VETERINARY SPECIAL, a medicine made up on a one off basis |
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Describe ADME |
Absorption/uptake Distribution (Action/Pharmacodynamics) Metabolism Elimination/excretion |
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What's the acronym for the life of a drug/pharmacokinetics? |
ADME |
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Describe a type 1 adverse effect |
Predicted Dose / mechanism related |
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Describe a type 2 adverse effect |
Ideopathic Allergic reaction Hard to predict |
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First pass metabolism occurs when... |
Blood that has absorbed substances from the GI tract moves to the liver via the hepatic portal vein. |
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How do drugs travel in the blood? |
Typically bound to proteins e.g. albumin Bound drugs are inactive Unbound they can exit the blood and enter bodily compartments or tissues (they are active) |
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What influences absorption/uptake of a drug? |
Administration route Physiochemical properties of the drug - most drugs being small and lipid soluble for ease of administration GI system status |
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Define elimination |
When the drug is made inactive - not necessarily when it is exerted from the body |
