Intro To Hema

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is a systemic study of blood cells that aids in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of disease

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hematology

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Oxygen From to

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Lungs to cells

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Carbon dioxide

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Cells to lungs

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Nutrients

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Digestive organs to all cells

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Waste product

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all cells to organ of excretion

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Hormones

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Endocrine glands to Traget organs

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regulates blood fluid and electrolyte balance between cells and insterstitial fluid, and of body and cell temperature

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Hematology

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Protects against toxins produced by bacteria

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blood

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prevents fluid lost throught the clotting mechanism

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blood

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Compositon of blood

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Formed elements and plasma or serum

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Formed elements percentage

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45%

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Plasma percentage

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55%

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Water in plasma

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90%

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10% in plasma

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CHO vitamins hormones enzymes lipids and salts

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Total blood volume in adults

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5-6 Liters

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Blood percentage in body weight

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7-8%

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decreased blood volume

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Hypovolemia

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increased blood volume

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Hypervolemia

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liquid portion if the anti coagulated blood

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plasma

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is the fluid of the blood that remains after fibrin and formed elements have been removed

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serum

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Liwuid portionif the coagulated blood

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serum

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3 major proteins

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Albumin, Globulin and fibrinogen

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Globulin that can cross the placenta

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IgG

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Globulin that is seen in external secretion

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IgA

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The first globulin created by the baby

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IgM

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seen on surface of B cells

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IgD

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It aids in allergic reaction and paeasitic infection

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IgE

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RBC are also called

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Erythrocyte

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Size of RBC

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Normocytic 6-8 mewm

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RBC <6-8 mewm

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Microcytic

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RBC >6-8 me

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macrocytic

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Color of RBC

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Normochromic 1/3 pallor area

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Shape of RBC

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Biconcave disk

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Nucleus if RBC

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Anucleated

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RBC color <6-8 mewm

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hypochromic

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>1/3 RBc color

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hyperchromic

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Hemoglobin two composition

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Heme and Globin

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is a protein component that functions of Oxygen transport

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Hemoglobin

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loss of Oxygen carrying capacity and is often reflected in a reduced RBC count

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Anemia

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means an increased RBC count reflecting increased body RBC mass, a condition that leads to hypervoscocity

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Polycythemia

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WBC classifiction

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granulocyte and agranulocyte

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Granulocytes

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Basophil, Eosinophil and Neutrophil

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Agranulocyte classification

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monocyte and Lymphocyte

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Defenses cells; phagocytes

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granulocytes and monocytes

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cells that do not produce antibodies

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lymphocyte and plasma cells

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Granulocyte Nucleus shape

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polymorphonuclear

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Agranulocyte nucleus shape

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mononuclear

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It means decrease

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Penia

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It means increase

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Cytosis

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is adecrease in WBC count (fewer than 4500 / mewL

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Leukopenia

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is an increased in WBc count (Morethan 1500 / mewL)

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Leukocytosis

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Largest cell in circulation

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monocyte

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largest cell in bone marrow

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Megakaryocye

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cytoplasmic fragments of megakaryocytes

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Platelets

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Platelet size

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2-4 mewm

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process of stopping the bleeding,

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hemostasis

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primary function of platelet

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Hemostasis

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increasd in platelet count

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Thrombocytosis

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decreased in platelet count

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Thrombocytopenia