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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Genomic selection is a strategy that employs ________ data from throughout the entire genome to accurately predict any trait, allowing for the selection of a favorable individual. |
Genomic selection is a strategy that employs genotypic data from throughout the entire genome to accurately predict any trait, allowing for the selection of a favorable individual. |
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Understanding population _____ aids in identifying distinct stocks and designing management strategies tailored to each stock. |
Understanding population structure aids in identifying distinct stocks and designing management strategies tailored to each stock. |
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GIFT = |
GIFT = Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia |
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Genetic _______ allows populations to withstand environmental changes, resist disease outbreaks, and adapt to new conditions |
Genetic diversity allows populations to withstand environmental changes, resist disease outbreaks, and adapt to new conditions |
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_________ is a method of specimen identification using short, standardized segments of DNA |
DNA barcoding is a method of specimen identification using short, standardized segments of DNA |
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______________ is used to identify and record the location of genes and the distances between genes on a chromosome. |
Genome mapping is used to identify and record the location of genes and the distances between genes on a chromosome. |
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________ is a process in which two complementary single-stranded DNA and/or RNA molecules bond together to form double-stranded molecule |
Hybridization is a process in which two complementary single-stranded DNA and/or RNA molecules bond together to form double-stranded molecule |
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____________ is when a small group of individuals break off from larger group and form new species |
Peripatric speciation is when a small group of individuals break off from larger group and form new species |
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_____________ involves choosing parents with particular characteristics to breed together and produce offspring with more desirable characteristics |
Selective breeding involves choosing parents with particular characteristics to breed together and produce offspring with more desirable characteristics |
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Genetic diversity is essential for long-term _____ and _______ |
Genetic diversity is essential for long-term survival and adaptability |
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________ is the mating of individuals or organisms that are closely related through common ancestry |
Inbreeding is the mating of individuals or organisms that are closely related through common ancestry |
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_________speciation is when a species is spread out over a large area; individuals only mate with those in their own geographic region |
Parapatric speciation is when a species is spread out over a large area; individuals only mate with those in their own geographic region |
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Genetically engineered salmon: Splice ____ for faster growth from chinook salmon ______ and a _____ is inserted to fertilized egg |
Genetically engineered salmon: Splice gene for faster growth from chinook salmonProtein and a promoter is inserted to fertilized egg |
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_____________ is a crucial field that combines genetics and fisheries science to study fish population and improve fisheries management |
Fisheries genetics is a crucial field that combines genetics and fisheries science to study fish population and improve fisheries management |
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There is _____ onset of sexual maturity in red snapper over the decades |
There is earlier onset of sexual maturity in red snapper over the decades |
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________ genetics deals with issues of genetic variability and fitness, inbreeding, selective breeding of desired quantitative traits |
Aquaculture genetics deals with issues of genetic variability and fitness, inbreeding, selective breeding of desired quantitative traits |
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__________ is a molecule sampled from some source that gives information about its source (ex. DNA) |
Molecular marker is a molecule sampled from some source that gives information about its source (ex. DNA) |
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__________ is the use of genetic engineering to inactivate or remove one or more specific genes from an organism |
Gene knockout is the use of genetic engineering to inactivate or remove one or more specific genes from an organism |
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_______ speciation is when a new species based on an ecological niche develops spontaneously |
Sympatric speciation is when a new species based on an ecological niche develops spontaneously |
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___________ may utilize genomics and genetic techniques involving markers and satellites to determine the origin of stock and distinguish species |
Species delineation may utilize genomics and genetic techniques involving markers and satellites to determine the origin of stock and distinguish species |
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________ is a DNA sequence with a known physical location on a chromosome |
Genetic marker is a DNA sequence with a known physical location on a chromosome |
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________ genetic techniques help assess the genetic health of populations, identify unique genetic lineages, and implement strategies like captive breeding and genetic rescue to prevent extinction |
Conservation genetic techniques help assess the genetic health of populations, identify unique genetic lineages, and implement strategies like captive breeding and genetic rescue to prevent extinction |
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___________ is a technique of plant and animal identification based on DNA-based identification and rapid DNA sequencing |
Metabarcoding is a technique of plant and animal identification based on DNA-based identification and rapid DNA sequencing |
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Genetic tools can identify ______ (reduce fish fitness) and ________ (have ecological implications) |
Genetic tools can identify inbreeding (reduce fish fitness) and hybridization events (have ecological implications) |
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Genetic markers can identify ______ of individual fish and help: Set appropriate catch limitsPreventing overfishing |
Genetic markers can identify origin of individual fish and help: Set appropriate catch limitsPreventing overfishing |
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__________ is defined as the application of tools of computation and analysis to the capture and interpretation of biological data |
Bioinformatics is defined as the application of tools of computation and analysis to the capture and interpretation of biological data |
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______________ are small pieces of DNA that repeat; pattern of repetition is unique between individuals |
Microsatellites are small pieces of DNA that repeat; pattern of repetition is unique between individuals |
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_________ occurs when a group within a species separates from other members of its species and develops its own unique characteristics |
Speciation occurs when a group within a species separates from other members of its species and develops its own unique characteristics |
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_________ is a sequence of DNA to which proteins bind to initiate transcription of a single RNA transcript from the DNA downstream |
Promoter is a sequence of DNA to which proteins bind to initiate transcription of a single RNA transcript from the DNA downstream |
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__________ is the regulation of gene expression in a cell to prevent expression of a certain gene |
Gene silencing is the regulation of gene expression in a cell to prevent expression of a certain gene |
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________________ is when species separates into two groups isolated by a physical barrier |
Allopatric speciation is when species separates into two groups isolated by a physical barrier |
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_______ genetics include seafood authentication and traceability analyzed using specific molecular markers |
Seafood genetics include seafood authentication and traceability analyzed using specific molecular markers |
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The DNA barcoding system using the ___________ mitochondrial gene (___ or ____) is highly efficient for discriminating vertebrate and invertebrate species |
The DNA barcoding system using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 mitochondrial gene (cox1 or COI) is highly efficient for discriminating vertebrate and invertebrate species |
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_______ genetics includes species barcoding, assessment of stock structure, monitoring of stocking programs, analysis of genetic diversity and variation and assisting conservation management program of wild fisheries resources |
Fisheries genetics includes species barcoding, assessment of stock structure, monitoring of stocking programs, analysis of genetic diversity and variation and assisting conservation management program of wild fisheries resources |
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Refers to a reproductive technique in which one fish species is used to carry and rear offspring of another fish species. |
Surrogation |
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______ are short DNA sequences that are ligated to the ends of DNA fragments, enabling them to be sequenced using NGS platforms. |
Adapter sequences |