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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
One problem with finding an appropriate definition of crime is that...
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Many dangerous and harmful behaviors are not defined as crimes, while many less dangerous and less harmful behaviors are.
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A typical ..... definition of crime is "behavior that violates the norms of society.". |
Social |
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A typical ....... definition of crime is "An intentional violation of a criminal law or penal code, committed without defense or excuse and penalized by the state." |
Legal |
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A(n) ....... is any standard or rule regarding what human beings should or should not think, say, or do under given circumstances. |
Norm |
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If a person does not want to commit a crime but is forced to do so against his/her will, he/she is committed the crime...
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Under Duress |
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When a individual commits a crime and claims that he/she committed it under duress, on who is the burden of proof?
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The Offender |
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Any record of crimes can be considered a ... or estimate of crimes committed.
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Crime Index |
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A(n) ... is expressed as a number of crimes per unit of population.
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Crime Rate |
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What was the index crime for which women were most frequently arrested in 2009?
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Larceny Theft |
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The term ..... refers to criminal conduct--specifically, intentional or criminally negligent action or inaction that causes harm. |
Actus Reus |
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Most legal excuses for criminal responsibility are based on the belief that certain offenders lack the capacity or competence or have diminished capacity or competence to form: |
Mens Reus |
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In most American jurisdictions, the upper age limit for juvenile delinquency is _____, and the lower limit is usually ____. |
18;7 |
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Perhaps the most important problem with the M'Naughten rule is that: |
It does not address the situation of a defendant who knew the difference between right and wrong but nevertheless was unable to control his or her actions.
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People are generally considered either not responsible or less responsible for their crimes if they are: |
All of the Above |
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What is the Latin term for crimes that are "wrong in themselves"; crimes characterized by universality and timelessness? |
Mala in se |
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Which of the following is a reason why victims fail to report crimes? |
All of the Above |
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Crimes that are NOT officially recorded by the police are called: |
The dark figure of crime |
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The practice of counting only the most serious offense in a multiple-crime event is feature of the: |
Uniform Crime Report |
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The textbook lists several factors indirectly related to crime that can affect crime rates. Three are listed below. Which of the following was NOT listed in your textbook? |
Family size |
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The _____ is/are a collection of crime statistics and other law enforcement information published annually under the title Crime in the United States. |
Uniform Crime Reports |
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Which of the following crimes is NOT a uniform crime report Part I Offense? |
Fraud |
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A(n) ______ is an act that is illegal for a juvenile but would not be a crime if committed by an adult, such as truancy or running away from home. |
Status Offense |
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Perhaps the greatest and most important difference between the NIBRS and the UCR is that the NIBRS: |
Contains more data on each crime, making it possible to examine crimes in much more detail. |
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The National Crime Victimization Survey was formerly called: |
The National Crime Surveys |
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To date, most self-report crime surveys conducted in the United States have been administered to: |
School Children |
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A study by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) determined which crimes have the highest annual victim costs. Which one does NOT belong? |
Arson |
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For many crime victims, _____ is/are the most burdensome and lasting consequence of their victimization. |
Fear |
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Survey results discussed in your text suggest that there is a greater fear of being _____ than there is of being _____. |
A crime victim in general; The victim of a specific crime. |
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Which of the following statements about fear of crime is true. |
Younger people are more fearful than older people of sexual assault and burglary.
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The object of criminal justice in the United States is to prevent and control crime. T/F |
True
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In general, norms do not change from time to time or from place to place.
T/F |
False
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The major advantage of a social definition of crime, at least on the surface, is that it is narrower and less ambiguous than a legal definition of crime. T/F |
False |
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The United States Constitution forbids ex post facto laws. T/F |
True |
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Any index of crime varies with the changes in police practices, court policies, and public opinion. T/F |
True |
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Crime rates provide a more accurate indication of increases or decreases in crime indexes than do total numbers of crimes. T/F |
True |
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Clearance rates are a rough index of police performance in solving crimes. T/F |
True |
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Most people in American society have never committed a crime. T/F |
False |