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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?
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12
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What are the three cranial nerves that are special sensory only?
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I-Olfartory nerve
II-Optic nerve VIII-Vestibulocochlear nerve |
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What are the cranial nerves that are motor only?
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III- Oculomotor
IV-Trochlear VI- Abducent nerve XI-Spinal Accessory nerve XII-Hypoglossal nerve |
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What are the mixed spinal nerves?
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V Trigeminal nerve
VII Facial nerve IX Glossopharyngeal X Vagus |
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What special senses does the (VIII) Vestibulocochlear nerve do?
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Hearing and balance
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Cranial nerves are a part of what part of the autonomic nervous system?
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Parasympathetic
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Cell bodies in the brainstem send axons to muscles of pharyngeal arch origin
(muscles of mastication and face expression) |
Branchial motor BE
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Cell bodies in brainstem send axons through CN and branches to the skeletal muslces (ocular muscles, tongue, SCM, etc)
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Somatic motor GSE
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Cell bodies in brainstem send axons
(preganglionic fibers) to autonomic (parasympathetic) ganglia to synapse. Postganglionic fibers continue to innervate smooth muscles and glands (e.g., lacrimal gland, sphincter pupillae muscle) |
GVE Visceral motor
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Transmit general sensation (touch, pressure,
temperature) from the skin and mucous membrane . |
GSA General sensory fibers
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Transmit sensation from the viscera ,
they carry mainly pain and afferent fibers for reflexes. (e.g., carotid body and carotid sinus, pharynx, larynx, trachea). |
Visceral sensory fibers GVA
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Convey taste and smell (special visceral
afferent fibers), serve the special senses of vision, hearing and balance (special somatic afferent fibers) |
Special sensory fibers SA
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Which nerve carries all five components?
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Vagus nerve
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What fibers are found in the olfactory nerve CN I?
Exit the skull via? Cell bodies? |
SA
About 20 exit the foramina in the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone to the olfactory bulb Cell bodies are in the olfactory epithelium in the roof of the nasal cavity |
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What fibers are found in the optic nerve CN II?
Exit the skull via? Cell bodies? |
SA-vision
Pass through the optic canal to enter the middle cranial fossa, where the form the optic chiasm Cell bodies located in the ganglion cells in the retina |
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What fibers are found in the Vestibulocochlear nerve CN VIII?
Exit the skull via? Cell bodies? |
SA-hearing and balance
Emerges from the junction of the pons and medulla and exits cranium through the internal acoustic meatus Cell bodies in the vestibular and spiral ganglion |
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What does the vestibulocochlear nerve seperate into?
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Vestibular nerve-balance
Cochlear nerve- hearing |
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What fibers are found in the Oculomotor nerve CN III?
Exit the skull via? Cell bodies? |
GSE, GVE
Exits through superior orbital fissure and splits to inferior and superior. (inferior carries GVE) Cell bodies in midbrain(Parasympathetic synapse in ciliary ganglion) |
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What does the motor component of CN III innervate?
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Four extraocular muscles
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What does the GVE(parasympathetic) innervate from cranial nerve III?
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sphincter of pupil and ciliary muscles
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What fibers are found in the Trochlear nerve CN IV?
Exit the skull via? Cell bodies? Innervates? |
GSE
Cell bodies in midbrain Pass through superior orbital fissure Innervate superior oblique muscle |
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What fibers are found in the abducent nerve CN VI?
Exit the skull via? Cell bodies? Innervate? |
GSE
Superior Orbital Fissure Cell bodies in Pons Lateral rectus muscle |
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What fibers are found in the spinal accessory nerve CN XI?
Exit the skull via? Cell bodies? Innervates? |
BE
Jugular foramen Cell bodies in spinal cord C1-C5 External branch innervates SCM and trapezius Internal branch travels with vagus |
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What fibers are found in the hypoglossal nerve CN XII?
Exit the skull via? Cell bodies? Innervates? |
GSE
hypoglossal canal Cell bodies in medulla supplies intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue |
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What fibers hitch a ride with CN XII and what do they supply?
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GSA from C1-cranial dura matter
GSE from C1-thyrohyoid and geniohyoid muscles |
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What nerve is found in the submandibular triangle?
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Hypoglossal nerve CN XII
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What fibers are found in the trigeminal nerve CN V?
Cell bodies? Innervate? |
BE and GSA
Cell bodies in trigeminal ganglia (GSA) and Pons (BE) BE-muslces of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani GSA-skin of face and forehead, oral and nasal cavity |
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What fibers are found in the facial nerve CN VII?
Exit the skull via? Cell bodies? Innervate? |
BE-muscles of facial expression
GVE-lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual SA-taste GSA-skin close to external ear Cell bodies in pons, geniculate ganglion, pterygopalatine ganglion, submandibular ganglion Exit via internal acoustic meatus |
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What are the two divisions of the facial nerve?
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Large Motor root(BE)
Small Intermediate nerve(SA, GSA, GVE) |
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What does the facial nerve give rise to?
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Greater petrosal
Nerve to stapedius Chorda tympani nerve |
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What is the course of the facial nerve?
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travels through posterior cranial fossa, internal acoustic meatus, facial canal, stylomastoid foramen
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Name the ganglion?
Sensory ganglion of CN VII (GSA) |
Geniculate ganglion
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Name the ganglion?
associated with the CN V2 (GVE) (postgang fibers to the lacrimal gland) |
Pterygopalatine ganglion
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Name the ganglion?
associated with CN V3 (GVE-postgang fibers to sublingual and submandibular glands) |
submandibular ganglion
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BE fibers of facial nerve innervate?
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muscles of facial expression, stylohyoid, posterior belly of digastric, stapedius muscle
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GSA fibers of facial nerve innervate?
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external acoustic meatus, skin posterior to the ear
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GVE fibers of facial nerve innervate?
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Lacrimal gland (tearing)
Sublingual, submandibular, nasal and palantine glands (saliva production) |
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SA fibers of facial nerve innervate?
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anterior 2/3 of tongue-taste
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What fibers are found in the glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX?
Innervate? Exit the skull via? Cell bodies? |
BE-stylopharyngeus muscle
GVE-parotid gland SA- posterior 1/3 tongue(taste) GVA-pharynx, carotid body and sinus, middle ear, palantine tonsil Exit via Jugular foramen Cell bodies in medulla(BE), otic ganglion(GVE), superior and inferior ganglia(sensory SA and GVA) |
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What fibers are found in the Vagus nerve CN X?
Exit the skull via? Cell bodies? |
BE, GVE, SA, GVA, GSA
Exit Jugular foramen Cell bodies in medulla and superior and inferior ganglia(sensory) |
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BE fibers of Vagus innervate?
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all muscles of larynx and pharynx (except sytlopharyngeus), palate and one tongue muscle
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GVE fibers of vagus innervate?
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parasympathetic fibers to the
thoracic and abdominal viscera ( to the 2/3 of transverse colon) |
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SA from Vagus innervate?
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taste from root of tongue and epiglottis
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GVA from Vagus innervate?
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from pharynx, larynx, carotid sinus, carotid body and thoracic and abdominal viscera.
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GSA from Vagus innervate?
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general sensation from the external ear and dura in posterior cranial fossa
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what nerves pass through the jugular foramen?
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IX, X, XI
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Only nerve to travel to the thorax and not stop in the head and neck
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Vagus nerve
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name the ganglion?
parasympathetic from parotid gland, associated with V3 GVE from glossopharyngeal |
otic ganglion
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What ganglion?
parasympathetic fibers with CN III – innervation: sphincter pupillae muscle and ciliary muscles. |
Ciliary
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What ganglion?
parasympathetic fibers with CN VII – innervation: submandibular and sublingual glands |
Submandibular
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What ganglion?
parasympathetic fibers with CN VII – innervation: lacrimal gland. |
Pterygopalatine
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What ganglion?
parasympathetic fibers with CN IX – innervation: parotid gland |
Otic
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