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276 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1st defense against pain |
withdrawal
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2nd defense against pain
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reflexes, "fight or flight"
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3rd defense against pain
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voluntary responses
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6 areas to test body temperature
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oral, rectal, axillary, colostomy, tympanic, esophageal
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9 Abdominal Divisions
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R Hypochondriac, Epigastric, L Hypochondriac, R Lumbar, Umbilical, L Lumbar, R Iliac, Hypogastric, L Iliac
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abdominal regions
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RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ
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aberrant
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Deviating from the normal
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abscess
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tender, pus–filled mass
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Aching Pain
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dull, mild, generalized
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acute
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sudden onset of severe symptoms
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afebrile
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implies normal body temperature
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algia, algesia
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pain
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analgesia
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absence of sensibility to pain
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anatomy
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study of body structure
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Anemia
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deficiency in hemoglobin and quality or quantity of RBC
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anethesia
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loss of sensation through medical intervention
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angiocardiography
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x–ray of heart with contrast
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angiogram
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Xray with dye of a blood vessel
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apnea
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transient cessation of respiration
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arteriectasis
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dilation and lengthening of an artery
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arteriography
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x–ray of artery with contrast
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arteriosclerosis
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chronic diseases in which thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls
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asymptomatic
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disease w/o symptoms
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Bacteriology
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science of microorganisms and sensitivity
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Biochemistry
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science of chemical changes in living things
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biology
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study of all life forms
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blepharoplasty
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cosmetic removal of fatty eye tissue
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blepharospasm
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involuntary contraction of an eyelid muscle
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bradycardia
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low/slow blood pressure
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bradypnea
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abnormal slowness of breathing
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bronchoscopy
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airway examination with scope
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carcinoma
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malignant new growth of epithelial cells
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cardinal symptom
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major, most important
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CBC
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complete blood count of RBC, WBC, differential white, hemoglobin, hemocrit
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cele
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hernia, swelling
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cells
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smallest structural and functional body unit
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centesis
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puncture of a cavity
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central
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situated at a center
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chemotherapy method
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treatment with cancer–fighting drugs
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cholangiogram
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x–ray of gallbladder with contrast (dye)
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Cholecystectomy
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removal of gall bladder
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cholelithiasis
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presence or formation of gallstones
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chronic
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slow onset of mild, constant symptoms
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circulatory / cardiovascular system
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includes heart, blood vessels, lymph vessels & nodes. Provides oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal
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cise
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to cut
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claustrophobia
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irrational fear of closed spaces
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colitis
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inflammation of colon
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colostomy
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portion of abdominal wall brought through
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congenital
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disease or defect born with
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Continuous Pain
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refers to duration
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coronal / frontal
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plane divides into dorsal and ventral
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Cramplike Pain
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spasm
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Crisis
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sudden decline to normal
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CT / CAT scan
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3d or cross–section X–ray
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cystocele
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hernial protrusion of the bladder
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cystography
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x–ray of bladder with contrast
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cystotomy
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incision of bladder
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decrease in body temperature
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release of sweat & vasodilation
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dextro
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right
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Diagnose
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determine cause and nature of pathological condition
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diet therapy
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treatment of eating habits
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Differential Diagnosis
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distinguishes disease of similar manifestations
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digestive system
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includes mouth and teeth, esophagus, stomach, intestine with liver & pancreas accessories. Takes in food and converts it into useful substances
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disease
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abnormality of body structure or function
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distal
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away from point of origin
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diverticulosis
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presence of pouchlike herniations through colon
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dorsal / posterior
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of the back surface
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dorsal cavity
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contains cranial and spinal cavity
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Dorsal recumbent
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Supine with knees bent and soles flat
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duodenostomy
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surgical formation of a permanent opening into the duodenum
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dysmenorrea
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painful cramps during menstruation
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dyspepsia
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heartburn
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dyspnea
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labored respiration
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E.K.G.
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electrocardiogram: recording of currents produced by heart muscle
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ectasia, ectasis
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to dilate
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ectomy
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surgical removal of
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electrocardiogram
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record of electrical activity of the heart
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embryo
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pregnancy stage 1 week to second month
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embryology
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study of earliest development
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emia
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blood
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emotional disorders
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disease of mental health
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endocrine system
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thyroid, pituitary, and ovaries secrete hormones for growth, food utilization, and reproduction
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endogenous pyrogen
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tissue damage causing fever
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Erythrocystosis
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increased RBC
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erythrocytes
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RBC that transports oxygen
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esophagoscope
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endoscope for examination of the esophagus
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esthesia
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sensation
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etiology
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study of causes of diseases
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excise
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to remove by cutting
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exogenous agents
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outside causes like virus, foreign body, burn
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exogenous pyrogen
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microorganism causing fever
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external
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outside
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factors of heat production
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weather, time, food, rest, hormones
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factors responsible for manifestation of disease
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altered anatomy & disturbed physiology
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febrile, pyrexia, hyperthermia
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implies elevated body temperature
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fetus
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pregnancy stage 2nd month to delivery
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fever
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response to infection
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Fixed Pain
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stationary
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Fowler's
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Supine with torso at 80 degrees
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Gastrectomy
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removal of stomach
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gastritis
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inflammation of stomach lining
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gastroscopy
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examination of stomach with scope
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generalized
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includes many organs
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genetic / congenital abnormalities
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born with anatomic or physiologic disfunction
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gram
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x–ray, record
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gross anatomy
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macroscopic and visible to eye
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head end regions
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cranial, superior, cephalo (brain)
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hematocrit
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estimate of solid cell volume
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Hematology
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study of blood cells and blood forming organs: liver, spleen , bone, marrow
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hematuria
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blood in the urine
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hemoglobin
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oxygen carrying component of RBC
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hemolysis
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red blood cells break down and release hemoglobin
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hemorrage
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escape of blood
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herniorrhaphy
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surgical repair of hernia
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Histology
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science of blood
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homeostasis
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body process that maintains a normal state despite altering forces
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Homotopic Pain
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at point of injury
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hydronephrosis
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swollen kidneys from obstructed urine
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hyperglycemia
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abnormally increased glucose content in blood
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Hyperpyrexia
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very high fever
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hypoglycemia
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abnormally decreased glucose content in blood
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Hysterectomy
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removal of uterus
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hysteroptosis
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prolapse of uterus
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ia, iasis, osis, ism, sis
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condition of
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incision
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cut made by surgical tool
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increase in body temperature
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increased metabolism & vasoconstriction
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inflammation
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body's natural response to cell/tissue damage
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inflammation symptoms
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redness, swelling, heat, & pain all due to increase in erythrocytes
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inorganic or functional
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disease that alters function of organ w/o anatomical change
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integumentary system
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skin, hair, sweat & sebaceous glands cover, protect, regulate temperature, and sensation functions
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Intermittent Fever
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alternates between normal and abnormal
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internal
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inside
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Intractable Pain
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pain not easily relieved
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ischemia
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result of impaired circulation
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itis
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inflammation of
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ium
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metallic element
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Knee–Chest
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doggy style
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lateral
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oriented toward the side of the body
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Left side lying
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left side lying
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Leukocytes
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WBC that fights infection
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Leukocytosis
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increased WBC
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Leukopenia
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decreased WBC
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lipoma
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tumor of fatty tissue
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Lithotomy
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Supine with feet elevated
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lithotripsy
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use of high–energy shock waves to fragment and disintegrate kidney stones
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localized
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affecting one organ
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lower end regions
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caudo, inferior
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Lysis
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gradual decline to normal
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manifestation
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sign and symptom of disease
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medial
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oriented toward the midline of the body
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median / midsagittal plane
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divides into equal left/right halves
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Medical lab technologist
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assist physicians in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases by performing tests on tissue, blood and other body fluids
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melanoma
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skin tumor characterized by the malignant growth of melanocytes
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meninges
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three membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
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metabolic abnormalities
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internal (endogenous) problem Ex: gland
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morphology
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study of form and structure of organisms
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MRI
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magnetic resonance image for soft tissue and ligaments
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muscular system
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permits motion of body and some organs like heart and intestine
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myelography
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x–ray of spinal cord with contrast
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Myospasm
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muscle spasm
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neoplasm
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new growth
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nephrectomy
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removal of kidney
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Nephrectomy
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removal of kidney
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nephropexy
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surgical fixation of mobile kidney
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nephrosclerosis
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hardening of the kidney due to renovascular disease
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nervous system
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brain, spinal cord, nerves give awareness of body
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neuralgia
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pain cause by nerve damage
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neurorrhaphy
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suture of divided nerve
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Neutropenia
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decreased neutrophils in WBCount
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Neutrophilia
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increased neutrophils in WBCount
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Normal body temperature range
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96.8 to 99.9
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objective symptom
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observable: color, x–ray, BP
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oblique
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in a slanting position
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occupational therapy
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teaches use of motor skills
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oid
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resembling
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oma
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tumor
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Oophorectomy
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surgical removal of one or both ovaries
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organic or structural
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disease w/ anatomical change with or w/o functionality change
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organs
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two or more types of tissues functioning as a group
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orrhaphy
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repair by suturing
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oscopy
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examination by viewing
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osteoid
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resembling bone before calcification
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ostomy
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forming a new opening
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otomy
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incision into
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otoscope
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instrument for examining the interior of the ear
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Pain
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subjective, warning, protective mechanism
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palliative
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temporary relief, no cure
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Papanicolaou Test
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Pap Smear: cervical test screening
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paraplegia
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paralysis of the lower half of the body
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parieto–
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the wall of
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pathologist
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specialist of pathology
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pathology
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study of structural or functional changes caused by disease
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pathology department
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concerned with nature and cause of disease
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peripheral
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relating to surrounding area
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PET scan
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radioactive contrast screening for disease and cancer
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pexy
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surgical fixation
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Phantom Pain
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involving a missing limb
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phobia
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fear
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photophobia
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abnormal sensitivity to or intolerance of light
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Physical therapy
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restores functionality via mechanical measures
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physiology
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study of body function
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placing method
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where treatment occurs
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plasty
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surgical repair, revision
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plegia
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paralysis
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pnea
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breathing
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Pneumonectomy
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removal of lung
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polycythemia
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increased hemoglobin
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production of heat
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adrenal gland production in blood steam & shivering
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Prognosis
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Patient's future outcome regarding response to treatment
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Prone
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face–down
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proximal
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nearest to point of origin
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psychotherapy method
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treatment of mind
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ptosis
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prolapsed
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pyogenic
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pus creating
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Quantitative RBC
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4–6 million per cubic millimeter
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Qualtitative RBC /WBC
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size and shape
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Quantitative WBC
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5 to 10,000 / cubic millimeter
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Radiating / Referred Pain
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arises in different area than origin
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Radiation Oncologist
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determines what type of radiation is appropriate
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Radiation Physicist
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plans and calculates proper radiation dosage
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Radiation therapy
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High levels of radiation destroys cell mitosis for treatment of cancer
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Radiation Therapy Technologist
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delivers treatment designated
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radiologic technologist
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prepares and adjust x–ray equipment
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radiologist
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diagnoses via X–ray
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rectocele
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hernial protrusion of the rectum into the vagina
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regulation method
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restriction of patient abilites
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Remittent Fever
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Fluctuates but never falls
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Remittent Pain
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subsides and resurfaces. Sudden/slow onset
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reproduction system
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external and internal sex organs/ structures for production of new individuals
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respiratory system
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lungs & trachea. Absorbs oxygen and expels carbon dioxide
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Respiratory therapy
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life support specialist involved with ventilation and medicines (gasses)
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rhage, orrhea
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bleeding, flow
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rhinoplasty
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cosmetic nose molding
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sagittal plane
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divides into any left/right halves
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salpingogram
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x–ray of fallopian tube with contrast
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Salpingooophorectomy
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removal of fallopian tube and ovary
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sclerosis
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hard
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scope
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instrument for viewing
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Semi–Fowler's
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Supine with torso at 45 degrees
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Severe Pain
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intolerable agony, acute
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Sims
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Side lying with lying arm bent behind back
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sinistro
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left
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skeletal system
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206 bones that support organs and attach to muscles
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Slight Pain
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mild discomfort
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sodium
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chief cation of extracellular bodily fluids
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specific / curative treament
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direct involvement
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spermatoid
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resembling semen
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spinal tap
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cerebrospinal fluid test for menengitis & bacteria
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sputum examination
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cough expectorate
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Stage 1 Fever
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chills, up to 40 minutes, temperature rises, hypothalmus sets to higher level
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Stage 2 Fever
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new elevated normal temperature. Symptoms include flushed skin, dehydration, headache, drowsiness
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Stage 3 Fever
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temperature begins to fall, hypothalmus resets
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subjective symptom
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what the patient says
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Supine
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face–up
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supportive treatment
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measures toward general effect
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Surgical Technologist
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O.R. staff involved in pre– intra– and post– operative procedures
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Sustained Fever
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Elevated with little fluctuation
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symptomatic
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disease that produces symptoms
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symptomatic treatment
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controls or relieves symptoms
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systems
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group function of organs
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tachycardia
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high/fast blood pressure
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Technologist concerns
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Careful & correct setups. Observes, records, and reports results.
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thoracentesis
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removes fluid or air from chest through tube
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thoracostomy
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surgical formation of an opening into the chest cavity
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thoracotomy
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incision of the chest wall
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Thyroidectomy
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removal of thyroid
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tissues
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specialized cells of similar structure and function
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tracheostomy
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formation of respitory opening
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transverse / axial
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plane divides into superior and inferior
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Trendelenberg
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Supine with Feet above head
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tripsy
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surgical crushing
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uria
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pertaining to urine
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urinary system
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kidneys, bladder, ureters, and urethra filter waste
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ventral / anterior
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of the front surface
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ventral cavity
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contains thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavity
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viscero–
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of the organs |
