Intro. Pathology

Front 1

Pathology

Note:

Path/o = disease

- logy = process of study

Back 1

The study of disease

Front 2

What is the disease process of pathology?

Back 2

Any Abnormal change within the body;

bodies response to injury

Front 3

Etiology

Note:

Eti/o = cause

-logy = process of study

Back 3

Study of disease causes

Front 4

Inflammation

Back 4

Initial response of body tissue to local injury

Front 5

Hyperemia

Note:

Hyper= above, excessive

Back 5

Heat & Redness associated with inflammation

Front 6

Exudate

Back 6

Plasma in tissue producing SWELLING

Front 7

Phagocytosis

Note:

Phag/o= eat, swallow

- cytosis = condition of cells; slight increase in number.

Back 7

The process of W.B.C enzymatically digesting: infecting organisms & cellular debris

Front 8

Scar tissue

Back 8

Replacement of DEAD TISSUE with granulation tissue

Ex: Fibrous tissue, adhesions, Keloid.

Front 9

5 signs of inflammation

Back 9

1. Rubor (redness)

2. Calor (heat)

3. Tumor (swelling)

4. Dolor (pain)

5. Loss of function

Front 10

Toxins

Note:

tox/o = poison

Back 10

Produced by BACTERIA

Damages tissue,

creates inflammation

Front 11

Pus

Note: py/o, purul/o

Back 11

Yellow fluid produced by PRYOgenic bacteria

Front 12

Abscess

Back 12

Localized,

Encapsulated,

Collection of pus

Front 13

Bacteremia

Note:

Bacter = bacteria

- emia = blood condition

Back 13

Bacteria in BLOOD

(Blood poisoning, sepsis)

Front 14

Granuloma

Note:

Granul/o = granule(s)

-oma = tumor; mass; fluid collection

Back 14

Localized area of chronic inflammation, often w/ CENTRAL NECROSIS

Necrosis = dead area

Front 15

Edema

Note:

-edma = swell

Back 15

Accumulation of abnormal amounts: of fluid in the INTERCELLULAR TISSUE spaces of body cavities

Front 16

Anasarca

Note:

ana- = up; apart; backward; a new

Sarc/o = flesh (connective tissue)

Back 16

Swelling of: SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE throughout the body

(Generalized edema)

Front 17

Ischemia

Note:

Isch/o = hold back; back

-emia = blood condition

Back 17

Interference of: BLOOD SUPPLY to organ/ part of organ

Front 18

Collateral Vessels

Note:

Coll/a = glue

Back 18

Newly developed: blood supply

Front 19

Infarct

Note:

In- = in, into

Back 19

Localized area of: ISCHEMIC NECROSIS produced by occlusion of ARTERIAL SUPPLY/ VENOUS DRAINAGE.

Necrosis= death of tissue

Front 20

Gangrene

Back 20

Tissue nercrosis

Front 21

Hemorrhage

Note:

Hem/o = blood

-rrhage = burst forth (of blood)

Back 21

Rupture of blood vessel

Front 22

Hematoma

Back 22

Accumulation of:

BLOOD within body tissue

Front 23

Atrophy

Back 23

Reduction in the:

SIZE or NUMBER of cells

Front 24

Hypertrophy

Note:

Hyper- = above; excessive

-trophy = nourishment; development (condition of)

Back 24

Increase in:

CELL SIZE

Front 25

Hyperplasia

Note:

- plasia = development; formation; growth

Back 25

Increase in:

NUMBER of CELLS

Front 26

Dysplasia

Note:

dys- = bad; painful; difficult; abnormal

- plasia = development; formation; growth

Back 26

Loss of:

NORMAL CELL UNIFORMITY

Front 27

Neoplasia

Note:

Neo- = New- plasia = development; formation; growth

Back 27

"New Growth":

ABNORMAL PROLIFERATION of cells, tumor

Front 28

Oncology

Note:

-logy = process of study

Back 28

Study of NEOPLASMS

Front 29

Benign

Back 29

Closely resemble:

CELLS OF ORIGIN, remain localization

Front 30

MaligNant

Note:

Mal- bad

Back 30

Neoplasms that:

INVADE & DESTROY adjacent structures; metastasize "CANCED"

Front 31

-oma

Back 31

Suffix added to:

CELL TYPE from which tumor originates

Front 32

Carcinoma

Note:

Carcin/o = Cancerous; cancer

- oma = CELL TYPE from which tumor originates

Back 32

Malignant neoplasms originating from EPITHELIAL CELLS

Front 33

Sarcoma

Note:

Sarc/o = Flesh (connective tissue)

-oma = CELL TYPE from which tumor originates

Back 33

Malignant tumors in:

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Ex: (bone, muscle, cartilage)

Front 34

Seeding

Back 34

Diffuse:

SPREAD of cancer

Front 35

Give 2 examples of SEEDING?

Back 35

1. Lymphatic spread

2. Hematogenous spread

Front 36

Grading

Back 36

Assesses:

AGGRESSIVENESS/ degree of malignancy

Front 37

Staging

Back 37

Extensiveness of:

TUMOR & PRESENCE / Absence of malignancy

Front 38

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Back 38

Impairment of CELLULAR IMMUNITY

Front 39

What does Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) predominantly involves?

Back 39

1. Lungs

2. GI Tract

3. CNS

Front 40

Acute Illness

Back 40

Sudden Onset:

More common in children

Ex: Upper respiratory infections, trauma, heart attack

Front 41

Chronic Illness

Back 41

Long term-

Ex: Arthritis, hypertension, hearing loss, heart disease, vision loss

Front 42

Mortality Rate

Back 42

Number dying / (divided) 100,000