Integumentary System (Skin Layers)

Front 1

What are the Layers of the Skin?

Back 1

Epidermis • Dermis • Hypodermis (Subcutaneous Tissue)

Front 2

•Keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium

• Thin skin – 4 layers

• Thick skin – 5 layers

• Avascular – no blood vessels

Back 2

Epidermis

Front 3

produce keratin

Back 3

Keratinocyte

Front 4

produce Melanin

Back 4

Melanocyte

Front 5

participate in immune response against skin microbes

Back 5

Langerhans Cell(Intradermal Macrophage

Front 6

detect touch sensations

Back 6

Merkel Cell (Tactileepithelial Cell)

Front 7

90% of epidermal cells- makes up 4-5 layers

Back 7

Keratinocyte

Front 8

8% of epidermal cells- long, slender projections extend between the keratinocytes and transfer melanin to them

Back 8

Melanocyte

Front 9

constitute a small fraction of the epidermal cells

Back 9

Langerhans Cell (Intradermal Macrophage

Front 10

least numerous- located at the deepest layer- they contact the flattened process of a sensory neuron (Tactile disc / Merkel disc)

Back 10

Merkel Cell (Tactile epithelial Cell)

Front 11

Aka Stratum germinativum

Back 11

Stratum Basale

Front 12

Deepest epidermal layer

Back 12

Stratum Basale

Front 13

most adequately nourished layer • constantly dividing

Back 13

Stratum Basale

Front 14

Attach the epidermis to the dermis. Made up of intertwining collagen

Back 14

Basement membrane

Front 15

What are the Stratum Basale Cells?

Back 15

Basal cell• Merkel cell• Melanocyte

Front 16

Spiny protruding cellular processes• 8-10 layers

Back 16

Stratum Spinosum

Front 17

Start of keratin synthesis

Back 17

Stratum Spinosum

Front 18

Stratum Spinosum Cell?

Back 18

Langerhans cell

Front 19

Granular – grainy• 3-5 layers

Back 19

Stratum Granulosum

Front 20

Flatter, thicker membrane, produce more keratin and keratohyalin accumulating as granules

Back 20

Stratum Granulosum

Front 21

Dead and flattened cells, Only in thick skin (palms, soles)

Back 21

Stratum Lucidum

Front 22

Means Translucent. From keratohyalin, clear protein

Back 22

Eleidin

Front 23

Keratinized / Cornified• 15-30 layers

Back 23

Stratum Corneum

Front 24

Protection by dehydration and microbes• Sheds periodically

Back 24

Stratum Corneum

Front 25

Vascularized • nerves, lymph vessels, hair follicles and sweat glands are present

Back 25

Dermis

Front 26

2 layers of Dermis

Back 26

Papillary• Reticular

Front 27

Loose areolar connective tissue (collagen, elastin)

Back 27

Papillary

Front 28

finger-like projections, affects fingerprints

Back 28

Dermal papilla

Front 29

touch receptors

Back 29

Meissner corpuscles

Front 30

At the superficial portion off the dermis below the basement membrane

Back 30

Dermal papilla

Front 31

Strength of the connection of the epidermis to the dermis

Back 31

Dermal papilla

Front 32

Dense irregular connective tissue• deepest skin layer

Back 32

Reticular

Front 33

Appears reticulated (tight meshwork off fibers)

• Elastin

• Collagen

Back 33

Reticular

Front 34

deep pressure receptors

Back 34

Lamellar Corpuscles

Front 35

Subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia. Connect the skin to the underlying fascia of the bones and muscle

Back 35

Hypodermis

Front 36

fat storage, insulation, cushioning

Back 36

Adipose tissue

Front 37

Produced by melanocytes at stratum basale

Back 37

Melanin

Front 38

cellular vesicle with melanin, transported from s. basale to the keratinocytes

Back 38

Melanosome

Front 39

2 forms of Melanin

Back 39

Eumelanin • Pheomelanin

Front 40

Form of Melanin that is black, brown

Back 40

Eumelanin

Front 41

Form of Melanin that is red

Back 41

Pheomelanin

Front 42

UV exposure → inc melanin → ?

Back 42

darkening of the skin

Front 43

Protects the DNA of epidermal cells from UV ray damage

Back 43

Melanin

Front 44

Too much sun exposure → ?

Back 44

destruction of cell structure

Front 45

DNA damage → ?

Back 45

Skin cancer