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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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excretion
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heat, water, salts, organics
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sensation
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touch, pressure, pain
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protection
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hair, skin and nails keep bacteria, dehydration, UV rays from damaging cells
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Body Temperature Regulation
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Sweat and blood flow
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Immunity
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fends off foreign invaders by cell in skin.
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Blood Reservoir
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8-10% of all blood
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Synthesis of Vitamin D
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using sunlight to start making Vitamin D, which is a hormone used by the body.
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Keratinocytes (epidermis)
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have protein Keratin to make them waterproof (90%)
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Melanocytes
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Have pigment melanin, has branches to transfer melanin to keratinocytes (8%)
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Melanin
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Brown (Black pigment), absorbs UV light and darkens to shield nucleus.
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Langerhans cell
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works with "Helper T" cells, immune responses (1%)
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Merkel Cells
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In hairless skin at the end of a nerve (touch sensation)
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Callus
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Abnormal thickening of epidermis due to friction.
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Stratum Corneum
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25-30 rows of dead cells filled with Keratin (tough wax)
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Stratum Lucidum
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3-5 rows of thick skin material that will be keratin (palms, feet)
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Stratum Granulosum
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3-5 rows of Keritohyalin (turns to keratin)
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Stratum Spinosum
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8-10 rows (spines) where melanocytes are.
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Stratum Basale (stratum germinitivum)
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where new cells for outside are made. (cell division) All skin, hair, and nails are made from this layer.
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Epidermis
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Thin skin
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Dermis
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Deep Skin (mostly collagen and elastic fibers. Has blood vessels.
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Papillary Region
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(1/5 of Dermis) has dermial papillae (causes fingerprints)
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Reticular Region
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(4/5 of Dermis) Mostly connective (collagen) and elastic tissue.
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Autograft
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from same person (skin)
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Isograft
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from twin (skin)
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Homograft
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from cadaver (skin)
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Heterograft
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from animals (skin)
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Autologus skin transplantation
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grow skin in lab to graft
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Striae
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stretch marks
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Pacinian Corpuscles
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sensitive to pressure
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Melanin
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Pigment
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Freckles
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liverspots (clusters of melanin)
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Albinism
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Inability to produce melanin (pigment)
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Vitiligo
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partial loss of melanocytes in patches of skin.
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Carotene
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Yellow-orange pigment (Vitamin A in carrots)
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Hemoglobin
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Red pigment in blood.
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Cyanotic
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Blue skin
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Jaundice
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Yellow skin (liver disease)
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Erythema
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Red skin (blushing)
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Epidermal Ridges
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whorls on skin (thumb prints) used to grip.
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Sebaceous
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Oil glands (attached to hair)
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Sebum
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Oil produced (keeps hair from drying out, and prevents evaporation)
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Pimples and Boils
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Bacteria growth in sebaceous glands.
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Sudoriferous
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sweat glands (more watery)
-Fccrine (all over body) -Aprocrine (puberty sweat glands) |
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Ceruminous
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wax glands (ear) that makes cerumen.
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Hair (pili)
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mostly for protection (eyes, nose, head) Lose 70-100 per day.
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Shaft (Hair)
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Extends from epidermis
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Root (hair)
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below surface
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Medulla (hair)
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inner part of hair follicle
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Cortex (hair)
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major part of shaft (most of pigment)
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Cuticle (hair)
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outer layer (scales)
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Follicle (hair)
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external and internal root sheaths.
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Papilla (hair)
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end of hair shaft (blood vessels)
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Matrix (hair)
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in stratum basale (growth)
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Arrector Pili (hair)
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muscles that pull hair up (goose-bumps)
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Root Plexus (hair)
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a bundle of nerves (gives sensation to hair)
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Male (hair)
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pattern baldness - genetic
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Rogaine (Minoxidil) ;hair
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Vasodilator (opens blood vessels.
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Nails
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Hard keratinized cells (dehydrated skin cells)
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Nail body
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anything showing
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Free Edge
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Past end of finger (white)
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Nail Root
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Inside skin
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Lunula
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"little moon" skin under nail; very thick.
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Eponycium
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"cuticle" (holds nail to finger)
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Nail Matrix
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In stratum bassale (where growth takes place.
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1st Degree Burn
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"Sun Burn" is called erythema (Red Skin) - minor pain
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2nd Degree Burn
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"Blisters" (entire epidermis and some of dermis) 7-10 days to heal leaving no scar.
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3rd Degree Burn
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Full thickness; loss of all skin functions - grafting needs to be done.
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Skin Cancer
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caused by sunlight; usually in women (well known as "malignant melanomas")
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Acne
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Inflamation of sebaceous (oil gland) Hormones affect sebum, diet doesnt have anything to do with getting acne.
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