Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Refers to a lack of adequate blood flow to a region or regions of the body |
Arterial insufficiency |
|
|
Organic disruption of bloow flow to the extremities |
Peripheral vascular disease |
|
|
Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls |
Arteriosclerosis |
|
|
The most common form of arteriosclerosis, associated with damage to the endothelial lining of the vesels and the formation of lipid |
Atherosclerosis |
|
|
A peripheral manifestation of atherosclerosis characterized by intermittent claudication, rest pain, and trophic changes |
Arteriosclerosis obliterans |
|
|
Arteriosclerosis Obliterams characteristics |
Intermittent claudication Rest pain Trophic changes |
|
|
arteriosclerosis obliteans is most likely to lead to |
Ulcerations |
|
|
Risk factors for development of ASO |
Smoking DM HTN Hyperlipedemia Hyperhomocysteinemia |
|
|
A peripheral sign of a long standing disease process; by definition, are associated with arterial insufficency |
Ulceration |
|
|
How many percentage of LE ulcers are caused by arterial disease |
between 10 to 25% |
|
|
Wounds of arterial insufficiency are frequently located on the LEs |
Lateral malleoli Dorsum of foot, toes |
|
|
When these are present on an ischemic limb, atherosclerotic occlusion of the peripheral vasculature is almost always present |
Wounds |
|
|
Trophical changes present include |
abnormal nail growth dec. leg and foot hair dry skin |
|
|
The skin is (hot to touch, cold) on palpation |
Cold |
|
|
wound base of PVD is usually |
necrotic and pale, lacking granulation tissue |
|
|
Skin around PVD wound may be |
black, mummified (dry gangrene) |
|
|
Other signs of arterial insufficiency |
Decreased pulses pallor on leg elevation rubor when dependent |
|
|
Most common complaint of pts with chronic occlusion of the LEs |
Painful cramping or aching of the LEs during walking |
|
|
The painful cramping or aching is caused by |
Intermittent claudication |
|
|
Occurs when exercising mm are not receiving blood perfusion needed for normal function |
Intermittent claudication |
|
|
other signs of intermittent claudication |
Rest pain that develops at night, awakens the pt, or requires analgesics for relief (considered more severe than claudication) |
|
|
The individual with vascular dysfunction may also be |
diabetic |
|
|
This comorbidity wil contribute to slower healing times and difficulty fighting infection |
Diabetes |
|
|
A wound in adistal, ischemic area is not likely to heal unless the vascular supply is |
enhanced or restored |
|
|
Most important test for indivduals with arterial disease, this test is designed to examine the vascular system |
ABI (Ankle Brachial Index) |
|
|
Ankle brachial index that signifies mild arterial disorder, (+) intermittent claudication |
0.94 - 0.75 |
|
|
Ankle brachial index that signifies moderate arterial disorder, (+) resting pain, so defer therapy |
0.74 - 0.50 |
|
|
Ankle brachial index that signifies severe arterial disorder, (+) amputation |
<0.50 |
|
|
T/F if the arterial condition ir worse, compression may be inappropriate even when edema is present |
T |
|
|
A non healing wound on an ischemic limb can lead to |
Gangrene Amputation Loss of life |
|
|
In severe conditions, necrotic tissue should not be _________ since the dead tissue will not be replaced with new tissue |
Debrided |
|
|
This may be used to restore arterial circulation to the ischemic tissue |
Bypass graft |
|
|
Single most important prevention in PVD |
Prevention of smoking |
|
|
Second most important intervention for PVD |
Exercise for weight control |
|
|
Management guidelines for arterial disorders |
Graded exercises (Low duration, high frequency) Lifestyle modification especially smoking |
|
|
According to a systematic review Brandma et. al, this management will significantly improve walking distance of patient with intermittent claudication |
Walking program |
