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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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thrush in adults is a sign of |
immune deficiency |
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vaginal candidiasis common or not |
extremely common. there are OTC diagnosis and treatment kits. |
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ddx hairy leukoplakia from oral candidiasis |
hairy leukoplakia you can't scrape the white on the tongue off. candidiasis you can |
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candidiasis: what kind of flora? |
common, normal floral that can be opportunistic c. albicans |
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vaginal candidiasis presentation dx treat
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'white cottage cheese discharge' itching, burning pain erythema white plaques on red base dx: KOH prep to show 'budding' hyphae treat: Flucanazole 100-200mg PO or -conazole cream 1-7 days oral treatment for thrus!!! no cream. |
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correlation between yeast infection and abx usage in women? |
100% |
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who are more prone to get candidiasis |
diabetics, pregos, HIV (initial symptom), obese patients |
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intertrigo (candida dermatitis) |
topical treatment keep skin dry and exposed to air |
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fungemia |
infection in your blood stream. worried about heart and valves--> endocarditis. might want to get fungal culture to dx if suspicious |
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funguria |
fungus in urine. commonly seen in nursing home patients who are on too many antibiotics. have UTI |
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esophageal candidiasis presentation dx: treatment |
presentation: atypical symptoms: atypical chest pain with dysphagia. difficulty swallowing. odynophagia. biopsy or brushing for dx. sweep off material to confirm candida and r/o disorder like cancer treat with Nystatin or Diflucan Diflucan Nystatin: slurry, weird dose of high units esophageal candidiasis not always correlated with oral candidiasis.
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give someone a steroid to treat bacterial rash/candida and it gets worse |
you know its probably a fungal origin |
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cryptococcocis keywords diagnosis treatment
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keywords: MOST COMMON CAUSE OF FUNGAL MENINGITIS. presentation: asymptomatic in health individuals. immune compromised pts (HIV/AIDS). chemo patients pretty sterile, pretty rare to get this. pulmonary symptoms in immune compromised host--> need to treat. in healthy person, just observe.
treat: Amphoteracin B: hospital setting; Fluconazole used in less intense setting.
dx: India Ink+ |
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After acute infection of Cryptococcosis ends... |
HIV patient has to be treated prophylactically for rest of life. prevention for it not to recur and come back |
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hisoplasmosis presentation dx treatment where |
histoplasmosis: bat guano droppings exposure, camping, cave, bats. Ohio river valley, costa rica
asymptomatic pulmonary infection only disseminated disease symptomatic in immune compromised. CXR shows infiltrates in lung treat with Amphotericin B or Itracanoazole dx with biopsy and urinary test
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PCP |
pneumocystitis fungal pneumocystic carinii (jiroveci) most common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients. AIDS and pneumonia--> think PCP cxr shows interstitial infiltrates non productive cough, fever if paO2<70 mm Hg treat with steroids Bactrim (TMP-SMX) AIDS defining illness dx: DFA is fluorescence antibody testing: new way to test. silver stain is old way pulse ox suddenly plummets
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botulism caused by symptoms treat with |
caused by: neurotoxin from clostridium botulinum symptoms: sudden onset dry mouth, dysphagia, dysphonia, muscle weakness that progresses to respiratory paralysis treat with : trivalent equine antitoxin |
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chlamydia symptoms: key thing to worry about: associated with: diagnosis treat:
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symptoms: urethral discharge in men, dysuria, vaginal discharge, post coital bleeding associated with: Reactive arthritis diagnosed with PCR (lab) treat with Z pack
key thing to worry about: need to treat to prevent PID in women! |
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cholera caused by organism pearl keywords diagnosis treat |
vibrio cholerae caused by poor sanitation= epidemic pearl: rice water stool dx: stool culture treat with : rehydration (ORT, IV fluids), Azithromycine therapy decreases duration
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diphtheria: organism symptoms key pearl terms treatment
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organism: C. diptheriae symptoms: nasal dischargex1-7 days, followed by malaise, sore throat, fever treat: antitoxine (equine) and support wiht abx (penicilin family and EES). do not scrape off the leather hide pearls: grayish membrane...secure the airway!!! vaccinate your kids. boosters are key. |
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gonorrhea organism symptoms syndrome treat associations
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae presentation: oral, vaginal anal. Yellow discharge- profuse (book term) Fitz Hugh curtis syndrome: abdominal pain, complication of PID Ceftrixone 125 mg IM (Cefpodoxime, Cefixime) and Azithromycine 1g po once. Rocephin injectable and Azithromycin pill (really big) "shot and a pill"
women frequently are asymptomatic. don't know they have gonorrhea. |
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inflammatory diarrhea |
small volume, frequent bloody stool with mucus many PMNs chills, crampy abd no peristaltic agents (Lamotil, Immodium) salmonella and shigella |
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salmonellosis symptoms: cause: pearl keywords treatment |
salmonella typhi symptoms: enteric fever, gastroenteritis, abdominal cramps, diarrhea pearl: pea soup diarrhea or marked constipation, rose spots 2-3 mm papules found on trunk. treat: Levaquin or Ceftriaxone if severe disease cause: contaminated food/drink: raw eggs, cookie dough, pet reptiles
enteric fever= typhoid fever
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shigellosis |
s. sonnei, s. dysentarie, s. flexneri how? day care outbreaks presentation: acute, bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, tenesmus, toxicity treat: adults: FQ children: Azithromycin, Bactrim (TMP SMX) |
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tetanus organism how symptoms treat |
clostridium tetani puncutre wounds neck, jaw stiffness, dysphagia, later hyperreflexia, muscle spasm trismus treat with vaccine + TIG + penicillin G 24 mu/d |
