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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Computer Literacy?
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to be computer literate you must:
-Understand a computer's capabilities and limitations -Know how to use a computer |
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What are the challenges facing a digital society?
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-privacy risks
-personal data collection -email monitored -copyright infringement -reliance on computers for security -digital divide |
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The difference between Information Technology (IT) and Information Systems (IS)
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-data are streams of raw facts representing events and occurrences
-Information technology is the hardware and software applied to solve a problem -An information system consists of components that support decision making and control, and help with analysis, visualization, and product creation -One of the components of an information system is information technology |
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Information Systems
-What is a system -An information system includes: -A system development life cycle (SDLC) is: |
System
-A collection of pieces working together to achieve a common goal An information system includes -Data -People -Procedures -Hardware -Software System development life cycle (SDLC) -An organized process (or set of steps) used to develop systems in an orderly fashion |
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Connecting to the Internet
-An internet backbone is... -T lines is the... -An optical carrier line (OC) is... |
Internet backbone - Collection of large national and international networks
T lines—initially used for backbone ISP connection Optical carrier line (OC)—today’s most common backbone ISP connection |
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An IP Addresses is a...
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Unique number that identifies devices connected to the Internet
Typical IP address 197.24.72.157 Static address -Address never changes Dynamic address -Temporary address |
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Domain Names are...
Top-level domains (TLD) Second-level domains |
Names that take the place of an IP address
Sample domain name: - www.mywebsite.com Portion of the domain name that follows the dot -Sample top-level domain names .com, .org, .edu, and .net Unique name within a top-level domain -Sample second-level domain names Yahoo.com, Google.com, and Unesco.org |
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Web site is a ...
First page is known as... Web page contains: |
Web site:
-Collection of related Web pages -First page known as home or index page Web page: -HTML document -Text and graphics -Unique address -Hyperlinks |
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URL stands for:
1: 2: 3: 4: |
Uniform Resource Locator
1: Domain Name 2: Protocol 3: Top-Level Domain (TLD) 4: Path or Subdirectory |
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HTML/XHTML
-Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) -Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) |
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
-Tags that describe the formatting and layout of a Web page Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) -Successor to HTML -Has much more stringent rules regarding tagging |
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computer’s four major functions
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Gathers data (users input data)
Processes data into information Outputs data or information Stores data and information |
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Data vs. Information
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Data: Representation of a fact, figure, or idea
Information: Organized, meaningful data |
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Bit
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Binary digit
0 or 1 -Each letter, number, and character = a string of eight 0s and 1s |
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Byte
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8 bits
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Computer Software
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Programs that enable hardware to perform different tasks
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Software
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A set of instructions that tells the computer what to do
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Two main types of software
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System software
Application software |
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System Software
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Coordinates instructions between software and hardware
Includes -Operating system -Utility programs |
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Application Software
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Programs used to complete tasks
Includes Productivity software Specialty software Entertainment software Educational and reference software Personal software |
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What the OS Does
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Provides a user interface (GUI)
Manages the CPU Manages memory and storage Manages hardware and peripheral devices Coordinates application software with the CPU |
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How does the CPU work?
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Control unit
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Machine cycle: -Fetch -Decode -Execute -Store Speed: -MHz -GHz |
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Types of storage devices
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Hard drive
Floppy drive Zip disk drive CD/DVD Flash memory |
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Virtual Memory
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Instructions and data are stored on the hard drive when RAM is full.
Swap file Paging Thrashing |
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The operating system provides...
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an organizational structure for the computer’s contents
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Hierarchical structure of directories:
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Hierarchical structure of directories:
-Drives -Folders (Directories) -Subfolders (Subdirectories) -Files |
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