Individual And Collective Rights (Chapters 3-4)

Front 1

FIRST NATIONS AND THE INDIAN ACT OF 1876?

Back 1

- In 1876 the federal government passed the Indian Act which affected First Nations who had concluded treaties with Canada’s government
- The Indian Act passed without consultation of Canada’s First Nations
- At this time, people in Canada who were from a European desent thought that European culture was best

Front 2

The Indian Act in 1876

Back 2

1.Required the First Nations people to obtain government permission to wear traditional clothing
2.Banned traditional ceremonies such as the Sun Dance of the Siksika
3.Prevented First Nations from taking any political action
4. took away rights from First Nations People

Front 3

CANADIAN WOMEN AND THE RIGHT TO VOTE

Back 3

- Untill 1918, women in Canada were not allowed to vote or run as candidates in federal elections
- In 1876, Emily Howard Stowe, Canada’s first female doctor, founded the Toronto Literary Club, which was set up as cover to promote women’s suffrage – “women’s right to vote.” In 1917 women finally achieved universal suffrage in Canada.

Front 4

THE INTERNMENT OF UKRAINIAN CANADIANS

Back 4

-In 1914, people from Ukraine and German descent were interned due to their identity
-Canada was at war with Germany and Austria
-Canada’s government made the arrests under the War Measures Act which was passed in 1914

Front 5

THE INTERNMENT OF ITALIAN CANADIANS

Back 5

-In 1940 Canada used the War Measures Act to arrest and intern people of Italian descent
-• The arrests affected more than 700 people and came upon Italy declaring war on Canada

Front 6

THE INTERNMENT OF JAPANESE CANADIANS

Back 6

-in 1942 Canada used the War Measures Act to arrest and intern 20000 people with
Japanese ancestry
-The government decided to move all people of Japanese origin away from the west coast and into remote communities of in BC’s interior
-The intern of the Japanese in Canada followed the bombing of Pearl Harbour December 7, 1941

Front 7

LORD’S DAY ACT AND SUNDAY SHOPPING 1985

Back 7

-Until 1985 the Lord’s Day Act made it illegal for most Canadian businesses to open on Sunday
-This was because of the Christian Sabbath, or day of rest
-• In 1982, and three months after the Charter of Rights and Freedoms became part of the Canada’s Constitution
-Big M Drug Mart challenged the Lord’s Day Act by intentionally staying open on Sunday
-The case was appealed to the Supreme Court where it was found that the Lord’s Day Act violated Canadian’s fundamental right to freedom of conscience and religion

Front 8

CANADA’S NO FLY LIST “ANTI TERRORISM ACT”

Back 8

-In 2007 Canada’s government banned certain people from traveling by air for national security reasons
-Canada’s government published a “no fly” list of people to be barred from boarding airline flights
-These people were "reasonably suspected" by federal officials as threats
-If one of the people tried to check in at an airport, are automatically screened against the government’s “no fly” list
-Canada’s privacy commissioner, Jennifer Stoddart, says the government should suspend Canada’s new “no-fly list” as it is a statute which impedes Canada’s Privacy Act and profoundly impacts the rights of Canadians including freedom of association and mobility rights

Front 9

Residential Schools 1879

Back 9

-schools thats were meant to provide first nations kids with an education and to also assimilate them
- They removed children from their families and disrupted their culture
- Now the canadian government is compensating frmer students for what they had to go through

Front 10

Official language minority group

Back 10

Language minority group speak one of canada's official languages (french or english) and it does not make up the moajority language group in the province or territory

Front 11

Francophone Schools

Back 11

-A school that provides education for kids whose first language is french
-

Front 12

Official Bilingualism

Back 12

-Section 16-20 state that french and english are the two official languages of Canada
- Also that New Brunswick is the only bilingual province in Canada

Front 13

Minority Language Education Rights

Back 13

- Section 23 states that a french or english speaking minority has the right to free publicly funded schools that serve in their language community

Front 14

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Back 14

Document entrenched in the "Constitutional Act" (1982) that lists and describes the fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed to Canadians
-Created constitutional protections for individual rights and freedoms
-Allows Canadians to challenge laws in court that restrict their rights
-Also says government is justified in restricting rights if the restrictions are necessary to maintain Canada as a free and democratic society

Front 15

Indian Act

Back 15

Law pertaining to the rights and status of Aboriginal peoples; initially enacted in 1876 and amended several times

Front 16

Labour Unions

Back 16

An organization of workers that acts to protect worker's rights and intrests

Front 17

Constitution

Back 17

A special set of laws that establish a framework of governance
-Highest law in Canada

Front 18

First Nations

Back 18

The umbrella name for the diverse Aboriginal peoples who have collective rights that are recognized and protected in Canada's constitution. The constitution refers the First Nations as "Indians", in keeping with the name used at the time of negotiating treaties

Front 19

Indian

Back 19

Europeans used the word "Indian" to describe the First Nations of North America, although these people were diverse and had names for themselves. Many First Nations choose not to use the word "Indian" to describe themselves.

Front 20

Our rights under the Charter
(Fundamental Freedoms)

Back 20

-Freedom to express your own opinion
-Freedom to choose your own religion
-Freedom to organize peaceful meetings and demonstrations
-Freedom to association with any person or group

Front 21

Our rights under the Charter
(Democratic Rights)

Back 21

-The right to vote for members of the House of Commons and of provincial legislatures
-The right to vote for a new government at least every 5 years

Front 22

Our rights under the Charter
(Mobility Rights)

Back 22

-The right to move anywhere within Canada and earn a living there
-The right to enter, stay in, or leave Canada

Front 23

Our rights under the Charter
(Legal Rights)

Back 23

-The right to be free of imprisonment, search and seizure without reasons backed by law and evidence
-The right to a fair and quick public trial by an impartial court that assumes you are innocent until proven guilty

Front 24

Our rights under the Charter
(Equality Rights)

Back 24

-The right to be free from discrimination because of race, national or ethnic origin, religion, gender, age, or mental or physical disability

Front 25

Responsibilities as a Canadian Citizen

Back 25

-understand and obey Canada's laws
-express opinions freely while respecting the rights and freedoms of others
-help others in the community
-care for and protect our heritage and environment
-eliminate discrimination & injustice
-vote in elections (municipal, provincial & federal

Front 26

Enforcing our Rights and Freedoms

Back 26

-If the rights of an individual have been violated by the federal or provincial government, recourse may be taken in court
-If the rights of an individual have been violated by a private individual, justice can be sought from the federal or provincial Human Rights Commissions or from the Ombudspersons
-If an individual requires legal assistance to enforce his or her rights and cannot afford to pay for a lawer, Legal Aid in the community can be contacted for assistance

Front 27

Assimilation/Assimilate

Back 27

the incorporation of one culture into another

Front 28

Francophone

Back 28

someone who speaks french as a first language

Front 29

Anglophone

Back 29

someone who speaks english as a first language

Front 30

Affirm (as in 'affirm rights')

Back 30

to validate or agree with

Front 31

Why did the First Nations People sign the treaties?

Back 31

They were fearing starvation due to lack of Buffalo, disease brought by the 'white man' and being out numbered. They signed the treaties to protect themselves.

Front 32

What year did the Charter of Rights and Freedoms come into being?

Back 32

1982

Front 33

What right is being violated if someone is forced to retire at age 65, even if they don't want to?

Back 33

The right to freedom from discrimination

Front 34

What right is being violated if a woman is paid less than a man for doing the same job?

Back 34

The right to freedom from discrimination?

Front 35

Which rights are not given to people who are NOT canadian citizens?

Back 35

- mobility rights (to leave and enter the country)
- democratic rights (the right to vote)

Front 36

Charter and the Workplace

Back 36

- women paid unequal pay for equal work and qualifications
- VIOLATES: right to be free from discrimination

Front 37

Ethnocentrism

Back 37

When someone thinks their culture or beleif system is better/superior to other cultures/beleifs

Front 38

Collective Rights: Language Minority

Back 38

Section 23 of Charter
Allows people who are a language minority (french-speaking in english-speaking province) have the right to education in their native language. New Brunswick is the only official half french and half english speaking province. Government is french and english speaking.

Front 39

Collective Rights

Back 39

Canada is the only nation that has collective rights. Groups that have collective rights are "founding groups" of Canada. The purpose of collective rights it to allow different cultures to exsist within Canada.

Front 40

Numbered Treaties

Back 40

Past agreements with First Nations.
First Nations were starving and getting killed by disease - NO POSITION to figh the Europeans. At first, the treaties AFFIRMED rights. They offered land (reserves), money and protection. Later, they DENIED rights by not allowing them to practice they're traditions and by forcing residential schools upon them.

Front 41

Collective Rights of Metis

Back 41

INITIALLY -- not given rights of french speaking people or First Naitons people. Louise Riel fought for Metis rights. Govt. gave Metis SCRIP land (bad land). In 1990 they gave Metis permenant land and self government. In 2003 they were given fishing and hunting rights.

Front 42

Sovreignty

Back 42

Self government
i.e. Metis after 1990

Front 43

What rights and freedoms does the "No-fly list" violate?

Back 43

- The right to innocence before proven guilty
- The right to enter and leave Canada
- Freedom from discrimination

Front 44

HOW MUCH MONEY DOES A WOMEN MAKE COMPARED TO EVERY DOLLAR A MAN MAKES AT THE SAME JOB, IN CANADA?

Back 44

73 Cents