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112 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
c-myc
|
burkitt's
(oncogene) |
|
bcl-2, fxn
|
follicular and undifft,
fxn=inhib apoptosis (oncogene) |
|
erb-B2
|
breast, ovarian, gastric
(oncogene) |
|
ras
|
colon
(oncogene) |
|
L-myc
|
lung
(oncogene) |
|
N-myc
|
neuroblastoma
(oncogene) |
|
Rb
|
13q, retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma
if a person comes in with one, check for the other! (oncogene) |
|
BRCA1,2
|
17q,13q breast, ovarian
(tumor suppressor) |
|
p53
|
17p, most human cancers, Li Fraumeni syn
(tumor suppressor) |
|
APC
|
5q colorectal
(tumor suppressor) |
|
NF1,2
|
17q,22q NF1,2
(tumor suppressor) |
|
DPC
|
18q, pancreatic
(tumor suppressor) |
|
DCC
|
18q colon (+gastric?)
(tumor suppressor) |
|
name genes assoc colon ca
|
ras (oncogene), APC, DCC (both tumor suppressors)
|
|
bombesin
|
neuroblastoma, lung, gastric tumor marker
|
|
antimicrosomal Ab
|
Hashimoto thyroiditis
|
|
antimitochondrial
|
PBC
|
|
anticentromere
|
Scleroderma, CREST
|
|
AntiIgG
|
RF
|
|
IL1
|
sxn by macro,
+T, B, PMN, fibro, epithelial endogenous pyrogen |
|
IL2
|
sxn by Th
+Th,T (also B?) |
|
IL3
|
sxn activ T
growth diffn BM (like GM-CSF) |
|
IL4
|
SXN Th
+IgE, IgG |
|
IL5
|
sxn Th
+ IgA |
|
IL8
|
sxn ?
major chemotactic for PMN |
|
gamma IFN
|
sxn by Th
stimulates Macrophages |
|
TNF alph
|
sxn macro
Th: incr IL2 R B: prolifer PMN: attract, activate |
|
TNF beta
|
sxn activ T
similar to TNF alpha Th: incr IL2 R B: prolifer PMN: attract, activate |
|
Th surface markers
|
CD3,4,28
TCR |
|
T surface markers
|
CD3,8
TCR |
|
B cell's surface markers
|
CD19,20
B7, IgM |
|
macro surface markers
|
CD14, MHCII
|
|
NK cell surface markers
|
R for MHCI, CD16
|
|
who has MHCI
|
all cells except mature RBC
|
|
cytokines secreted by Th
|
IL2,4,5, gammaIFN
|
|
cytokines secreted macro
|
IL1, TNFalpha
|
|
what stimulates macro
|
gamma IFN (sxn by Th)
|
|
Th cell activation: costimulatory signal
|
B7,CD28
(B7 is on APC, CD28 on Th cell) |
|
when Th activated what secrete
|
IL2, gamma IFN
|
|
what cytokine makes Th1? Th2?
|
Th1=IL 12
Th2=IL4 |
|
1
|
1
|
|
Th2 sxns? fxn?
|
IL4,5 B cells difft into plasma cell
(Ab immunity) |
|
TH1 act on?
|
activated macro (gamma IFN)
activated T (IL2) (cell immunity) |
|
allotype v isotype v idiotype
|
allotype=Ig epitope differs among species
isotype=IgG,IgA, etc, the heavv chain common to the class idiotype=specific Ag (binding site) |
|
compare MHCI,II in terms of R
|
MHCI=1 polypeptide with beta-2 microglobulin
MHCII=2 polypeptides, alpha, beta chain |
|
where MHCI,II loaded
|
MHCI=RER (viral Ag)--all nu cells
MHCII=acidified endosome |
|
name one allergy B cell mediated and one T
|
B cell=hay fever, etc
T cell=poison oak |
|
when do you really need T cells
|
TB, virus infected cells, fungi
|
|
complement: C3b
|
opsonization
|
|
complement: 3a, 5a
|
anaphylaxis
|
|
complement: defic C1 esterase
|
hereditary angioedema (overactive complement)
|
|
complement: defic C6-8
|
Neisseria bacteremia
|
|
defic DAF, what does it stand for
|
PNH
DAF=delay activating factor |
|
alternative pathway starts w
|
C3
|
|
Type I hypersensit
|
Anaphylactic and Atopic (rapid)
Ag binds IgE on mast->degran ex. anaphylaxis, asthma, hives, wheal and flare |
|
complement: C1-4
|
viral neutralization
|
|
complement: C3 defic
|
severe recurrent pyogenic snus and respir ifxns
|
|
general role of interferons, then 3 specific roles
|
put un-infected cells on alert
-alpha, beta inhibit degrade viral mRNA -gamma incr MHC1,II expression and Ag presentation -activates NK to kill the viral infected cells |
|
name 3 bac w Ag variation
|
Salmon-2 flagellar
Borrelia-relapsing fever N gonorrhea-pilus protein |
|
name parasite w Ag variation
|
trypanosomes (programmed rearrangement)
|
|
Type II Hypersensit, ex
|
Cytotoxic, IgM or IgG bind enemy, then either complement lysis, or phago
ex. AIHA, Rh dz, Goodpasteur, Rheumatic Fever, Graves, bullous pemphigoid |
|
Type III Hypersensit
|
=IC, serum sick, arthus
immune complex-Ag/Ab complexes activate complement, bringing PMN (think of 3 things stuck together) ex=PAN, IC GN, SLE, RA |
|
Serum Sickness
|
type III (w IC, arthus)
Ab formed ag foreign proteins (takes 5 d), then complement fixed->tissue damage sx: fever, urticaria, arthralgias, proteinuria, LAD |
|
Arthus rxn
|
local subacute hypersensiti (III), form AgAb complexes in skin, activ complement
sx: edema, necrosis |
|
ex Arthus
|
hypersensitivity pneumonitis from actinomycetes
|
|
Hypersens IV, ex
|
delayed (cell mediated) sensitized T encounter Ag and rel lymphokines which activ complement
ex=TB,touching (contact dermatitis) ,transplant rxns |
|
How to remember the hypersensitivities
|
ACID
|
|
RA which type
|
III
|
|
hives which type
|
I
|
|
asthma which type
|
I
|
|
Goodpasteur which type
|
II
|
|
rheumatic fever which type
|
II
|
|
bullous pemphigoid which type
|
II
|
|
PAN which type
|
III
|
|
SLE which type
|
III
|
|
wheal and flair which type
|
I
|
|
urticaria which type
|
part of III serum sickness
|
|
contact dermatitis which type
|
IV
|
|
PPD which type
|
IV
|
|
symptoms serum sickness, usu cause
|
F, urticaria, arthralgias, proteinuria, LAD 5-10 d after Rx
|
|
what usu activates alternate complement
|
endotoxin (remember classic is IgG, IgM
|
|
name gene types for MHCs
|
I=A,B,C
II=DP,DQ,DR |
|
what's IgD
|
we don't know, on surface many B cells and in serum
|
|
when give passive immunity (preformed Ab's)
|
Tetanus, Botulinum, HBV, Rabies (To Be Healed Rapidly)
|
|
dangerous infxns preg
|
ToRCHeS
toxoplasma, rubella, CMV, HSV/HIV, syphilis |
|
tuberous sclerosis facial (angiofibroma, sz, MR) assoc w
|
astrocytoma and cardiac rhabdomyoma
|
|
what's tuberous sclerosis
|
facial angiofibroma, sz, MR
|
|
Paget's dz assoc w
|
2 osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma
|
|
acanthosis nigricans assoc w
|
visceral malig (stomach, lung, breast, uterus)
|
|
name for benign teratoma
|
mature teratoma
|
|
name for epithelail cancers? mesenchymal?
|
epithel=carcinoma
mesench=sarcoma |
|
which type of cell proliferations are reversible
|
-metaplasia (irritation)
-dysplasia (pre cancer) |
|
difft bw dysplasia, anaplasia, neoplasia
|
dysplasia=loss cell orient, shape, etc (preneo, reversible)
anaplasia=cells lacking difftn neoplasia=clonal prolifer uncontrolled, excessive |
|
diff hyperplasia, metaplasia
|
hyperplasia=incrse number cells
metaplasia=1 adult cell type replaced by another, often due to irritation or environ exposure |
|
which is usu more px: stage or grade?
|
stage
remember TNM system (Tumor sie, Nodes, Mets) |
|
HLA B27 assoc w
|
PAIR
Psoriasis Ankylosing spondylitis IBD Reiters |
|
HLA B8 assoc w
|
Graves, Celiac sprue
|
|
HLA DR2
|
MS, hay fever, SLE, Goodpasteur
|
|
HLA DR3
|
DMI
|
|
HLA DR4
|
DM2, RA
|
|
HLA DR5
|
Pernicious Anemia, Hashimoto's thyroiditis
|
|
HLA DR7
|
steroid responsive nephrotic
|
|
HLA type for RA
|
DR4
|
|
HLA type for Graves
|
B8
|
|
HLA type for Goodpasteur
|
DR2 (along w MS, hay fever, SLE)
|
|
HLA type for SLE
|
DR2 (along w MS, hay fever, Goodpasteur)
|
|
HLA type for celiac sprue
|
B8
|
|
HLA type for MS
|
DR2 (along with hay fever, Goodpasteur, SLE)
|
|
HLA type for steroid-responsive nephrotic syn
|
DR7
|
|
HLA for psoriasis
|
B27
PAIR Psoriasis Ankylosing spondylitis IBD Reiters |
|
HLA for IBD
|
B27
PAIR Psoriasis Ankylosing spondylitis IBD Reiters |
|
HLA for Reiters
|
B27
PAIR Psoriasis Ankylosing spondylitis IBD Reiters |