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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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manifest is |
visible |
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latent is |
invisible |
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what is the reduction in the energy or number of photons in the primary x ray beam |
attenuation |
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what two processes occur in the diagnostic range ? |
absorption and scatter |
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total photon absorption depends on the energy of the incoming x ray photon and the _____ _____ of anationmic tissue is what ??? |
atomic number photoelectric effect |
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photon interacts with an outer orbital electron, and has less energy |
compton effect |
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kvp up scatter up absorption ___ |
down |
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probability depends on energy of the incoming x ray |
compton effect |
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fewer photon interactions at highger kvp settings |
photoelectric |
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photoelectric is created because of the difference in ?? |
electron binding energies |
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low energy x rays below diagnostic range ? |
coherent scatter |
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what does not contribute to any useful info and contributes to the radiation exposure of the patient and others ? |
scatter photons |
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x ray photons pass through the bod without any interaction |
transmission |
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what is compromised if scatter photons strike the image |
image quality |
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what is below 10kev |
coherent scatter |
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for a given tissue increasing its ______ increases beam ______ by either absorption or scattering ? |
thickness attenuation |
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x rays are attenuated exponentially and reduced by ____ % for each ___ cm of tissue thickness |
50,,, 4 |
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tissue composed of a ______ atomic number attenuates the beam _____ than tissue composed of a lower atomic number |
higher, more |
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atomic particles that are more ____ or ____ attenuate the x ray beam more |
dense and compact |
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higher penetrating x rays have ____ wavelength and ______ frequency |
shorter, higher |
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which x rays are more likely to be transmitted through tissue without interacting with structures |
higher penetrating x rays |
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lower x rays have ______ wavelength and ______ frequency |
longer, lower |
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lower x rays are _____ likley to interact with structures |
more |
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increasing thickness beam attenation goes ___ absorption goes ____ transmission goes ___ |
up, up, down |
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decreasing thickness beam attenation goes ___ absorption goes ____ transmission goes ___ |
down, down, up |
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increasing atomic number beam attenation goes ___ absorption goes ____ transmission goes ___ |
up up down |
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decreasing atomic number beam attenation goes ___ absorption goes ____ transmission goes ___ |
down down up |
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increasing tissue denstiy beam attenation goes ___ absorption goes ____ transmission goes ___ |
up up down |
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decreasing tissue denstiy beam attenation goes ___ absorption goes ____ transmission goes ___ |
down down up |
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increasing beam quality beam attenation goes ___ absorption goes ____ transmission goes ___ |
down down up |
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decreasing beam quality beam attenation goes ___ absorption goes ____ transmission goes ___ |
up up down |
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exit or ____ radiation is composed of transmitted and ____ radiation |
remnant , scattered |
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unwanted exposure on image caused by scatter |
fog |
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shades of grey or ____ recorded in the image make tissue visible |
brightness |
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invisible image |
latent |
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visible image |
manifest |
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two types of receptors are used |
digital and film screen |
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exit x rays intensities are converted into )______ data |
digital |
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film screen is film placed between two ____ ___ |
intensifying screens |
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_____ ____ convert exit radiation to visible light |
intensifying screens |
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chemical processing of film produces a _____ image |
manifest |
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image intensification creates a _____ image |
brighter |
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converts exit radiation to light intensities |
input phosphor |
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converts light intensities to electron |
photocathode |
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accelerate and focus electrons twoard anode |
electrostatic focusing lenses |
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converts electrons to brighter light intensities |
output phosphor |
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accelerating electrons increase light intensittes |
flux gain |
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size of output phosphor is small than input phosphor and increases the light intensities |
minification gain |
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product of both flux gain and minificaiton gaim |
brightness gain |
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an expression of the luminance at the output phosphor divided by the input exposure rate |
conversion factor |
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light intensities form ___ phophor are converted to ______ video signal |
output, electronic |
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___ or ____ can be attatched to created permanent image |
spot film or cine |
