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153 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a water bearing formation |
Aquifer |
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volume of a cylinder formula |
3.14R(squared)H |
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study of liquid in motion |
Hydraulics |
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speed that water moves and units |
velocity feet/second |
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source of water is below the pipe
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suction life
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friction loss determined by 5 things
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velocity
pipe size pipe length c factor fittings |
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1 feet cubed = ______ gal
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7.48 gal
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1 gal = _____ lbs
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8.34 lbs
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4 water quality characteristics
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physical
chemical biological radiological |
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formula for velocity
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V = Q/A
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examples of physical characteristics
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tastes
odors turbidity |
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MAC stands for
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max allowable concentration
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MCL stands for
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Max contaminant level
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Musts bf starting a centrifugal pump
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must be primed
stand against a closed discharge valve casing (volute) full of water foot valve must be primed |
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VOC stand for
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volatile organic compounds
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roughness of pipe interior is called _____
what does a higher number mean |
C-factor
higher the number means its more smooth |
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source of water is above pump |
suction head |
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area of rectangle formula |
LWH |
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volume of a cube (basin) formula |
LWH |
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1 foot = _____ PSI |
1 foot = .433 psi |
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1 inch of hg = _____ ft |
1 inch of hg = 1.13 feet |
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1 foot cubed = ______ lbs |
1 foot cubed = 62.4 lbs |
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1 psi = _____ feet |
1 psi = 2.31 feet |
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what is the measurement of hydraulics and units |
pressure, psi units = head feet |
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what contains packing, packing gland, and lantern ring in a pump? |
stuffing box |
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study of liquid in motion |
hydraulics |
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what is a water bearing formation |
aquifer |
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volume of cylinder |
3.14RsquaredH |
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speed that water moves and units |
velocity feet/sec |
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how is friction loss determined (5 things) |
velocity, rate of flow pipe size pipe length c-factor fittings |
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how many cubic feet in a gallon
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1 foot cubed = 7.48 gallons |
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1 gallon = ___ lbs |
1 gallon = 8.34 lbs |
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what is turbidity |
cloudiness of water |
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what does VOC stand for |
volatile organic compounds |
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what is high turbidity bad |
reduces cl2 effectiveness |
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desirable pH of water |
6.5-8.5 |
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disease causing bacteria and virus |
pathogen |
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whats used to raise pH |
caustic soda and sodium hydroxide (NAOH) |
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high iron causes what problems |
bad taste odor red staining |
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high manganese causes what problems
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brown/black staining taste/odor problems |
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high nitrate levels causes |
infant suffocation blue babies |
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what problems can lead have in water |
brain damage to children hypertension |
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purpose of low service pumping
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surface treatment source to treatment plant low pressure |
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purpose of high service pumping |
moving treated water under pressure |
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purpose of booster service pumping |
increase pressure in distribution |
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2 types of service pumping |
turbine submersible |
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purpose of chemical feed pumps |
to add chemicals |
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what is the most common pump |
centrifugal pump |
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examples of vertical turbine pumps |
well pumps booster pumps |
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example of a positive displacement pump |
chemical feed pump |
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what needs to be done to start a centrifugal pump (5 things) |
pump must be primed casing (volute) full of water foot valve must be primed start against a closed discharge valve |
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what needs to be done to stop a centrifugal pump |
stop against a closed discharge valve pump control valve |
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what part of a pump contains the impeller |
casing or volute |
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purpose of packing in a pump |
seals space between shaft and case keeps air out of casing |
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purpose of packing gland |
used to tighten down packing |
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purpose of lantern ring |
distributes lubricating water to packing to maintain seal |
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measure of current |
amps |
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used to measure the condition of motor insulation |
megger |
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protection from current overload |
fuse |
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starts pump motor |
magnetic contactor |
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energizes coil in magnetic contactor
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relay |
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total head = discharge head (+ or -) suction lift |
total head = discharge head + suction lift
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total head = discharge head (+ or -) suction head |
total head = discharge head - suction head |
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1 inch of hg = ______ feet
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1 inch of hg = 1.13 feet
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type of chemical that neutralizes chlorine
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sodium thiosulfate
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a boil order must be ordered when water pressure in a water supply drops below how many psi |
20 psi
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when a boil order is issued, water for drinking and cooking must be boiled for how long? |
5 minutes |
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top of the ground water is called |
water table |
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gravel packing is used in what kind of aquifer |
sand and gravel |
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not enough net positive suction head could result in |
cavitation
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an increase in total dynamic head will |
decrease capacity |
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a fuse will protect a circuit from a current overload measured in |
amps |
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over a months time, the shutoff head and pumping capacity both decreased. this is an indication of |
impeller or wear ring wearing |
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water is steadily dripping from the stuffing box that contains packing and lantern ring. you should |
do nothing it's ok |
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high sulfate levels might cause |
diarrhea |
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high trihalomthane levels might cause |
cancer |
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what is the maximum allowed limit for turbidity |
1 ntu |
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a positive langlier index is most likely to cause |
scale deposits |
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trihalomethanes are produced when |
chlorine reacts with organics |
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what does the langlier index measure |
corrosion of water |
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coliforms are |
indicator bacteria |
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Storage tank that diameter is greater that height |
Ground storage tank |
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Storage tank that diameter is greater that height |
Ground storage tank |
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Type storage that height is greater than diameter |
Standpipe |
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Water taken from wells or springs |
Ground water |
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Water taken from wells or springs |
Ground water |
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Cavitation can be caused by |
Not enough net positive suction head available |
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gG |
H |
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During pump operation a water lubricated mechanical seal should |
not leak any water |
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Tightening or loosening the packing gland will control water flow from the |
stuffing box |
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What may need to be replaced if pump capacity decreases |
wear rings |
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before starting a centrifugal pump, the volute should be |
full of water |
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most centrifugal pumps should be |
be started against a closed discharge valve |
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what valve keeps the pump primed |
Foot |
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pump cavitation is most likely to occur in which situation |
suction lift
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the purpose of an altitude valve is to prevent |
overflows |
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If the air vent plugs, a water storage tank could |
Collapse |
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Iron begins to cause water quality programs at any level above ____ |
.3 mg/l |
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manganese begins to cause water quality programs at any level above |
.05 mg/l |
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high nitrate levels may cause |
infant suffocation |
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high sulfate levels may cause |
diarrhea |
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high trihalomethane levels may cause |
cancer |
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high turbidity can hide or shield |
pathogens |
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a finished water with a negative langlier index may be |
corrosive |
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a scale forming water is most likely to cause |
calcium carbonate deposits |
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a positive langlier index can be produced by |
increasing water pH |
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organic acids reacting with Chlorine produces |
trihalomethanes |
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which waster meter is most likely to be used in a single family home |
displacement |
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when a residential watermeter under registers, this is a sign of |
proper operation |
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the Illinois EPA requires that routine bacteria samples to be taken and analyzed how often |
every month |
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when taking a bacteria sample, the sample bottle should be filled with water |
within 1 inch from the top |
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a bacteria sample must be mailed so that the lab analysis can begin no later than |
30 hours after the sample was collected |
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the lab results fro a bacteria sample is G+ and U this means |
excessive bacteria growth with coliforms |
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before taking a bacteria sample, the sample should be taken |
find a sampling tap with no threads or aerator |
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check samples for bact t's should be taken from |
the same location as the contamination and both sides of the location indicating the contamination |
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a corporation stop begins a service line at the |
water main |
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which backflow preventer should be installed as part of the water service line to an industry using toxics |
reduced pressure principle |
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sewer lines and potable water lines should be separated horozontally by how many feet |
10 feet |
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water service lines should be located at least ______ inches above sewer lines |
18 inches |
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it is possible for the following substance to diffuse or permeate through plastic service lines |
gasoline |
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which of the following substances should not be used to disinfect water main |
chlorine dioxide |
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before using a water main that has been disinfected, waer from the main should not show |
coliforms |
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gasoline can easily permeate which type of water main |
plastic |
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which type of water main requires a pressure rating of at least 160 psi |
plastic |
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to attach a new water main to an existing water main, which of the following will eliminate the need to shut down the main and issue a boil order |
tapping sleeve |
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water main tuberculation is caused by |
corossive water |
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a brand new plastic water main should have a c factor of |
greater than 100 |
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a min water pressure of ____ psi should be continually maintained in a distribution system |
20 psi
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the min acceptable water distribution system pressure should be determined |
at ground surface |
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for a boil order, drinking water should be boiled at least ____ min |
5 minutes |
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the MAC for iron is ______ mg/l |
1.0 |
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the MAC for manganese is ____ mg/l |
.15 |
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when polyphosphates are added to water, it is recommended that the free chlorine residual be maintained at ____ |
10 mg/l |
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the max suction lift at sea level is |
34 feet |
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which chlorine residual is most likely to contain hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ion |
free |
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for a positive displacement chemical feed pump, an antisiphon valce would be located |
at the discharge valve of hte pump |
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the purpose of the anti-siphon valve is to |
prevent air pressure from feeding the chemical |
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cavitation is caused by |
not enough net positive suction head avail.
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during pump operation, the following part rotates |
impeller |
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fuses protect motors from the following type of overload___ |
current |
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a pump with the following condition does not need priming |
suction head |
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the distance between the static water level and pumping level is referred to as |
drawdown |
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which storage system uses air to provide distribution pressure |
hydropneumatic |
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the pits and bumps on the interior or exterior of pipes, caused by corossive water are called |
tuberculation |
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a service line is connected to the main with |
corporation stop |
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which device is usually located at the property line |
curb stop |
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the pressure rating for pvc piping should be |
160 psi |
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the best mechanical cross connection control device is |
RPZ |
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a megger is used to check condition of |
motor insulation |
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the purpose of pump lantern rings is to help in providing uniform lubrication to |
packing |
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which of the following is found in a motor control box |
magnetic contactor |
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coliforms are |
indicator bacteria |
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g |
g |
