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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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receptor editing
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B cell can make new receptor if 1st one doesn't function well for central tolerance
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3 processes for peripheral tolerance
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anergy
deletion- activated by repetitive antigenic stim immune suppression- T regulatory b/c T+self Ag- will suppress other self reactive |
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mechanisms to activate self reactive lymphocytes
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break T cell anergy- b/c microbe stimulates
molecular mimicry injury to immune priviledged site |
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HLA genes involved in disease
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DR 2 & 3 is SLE
DR 3 & 4 DM (sugar no more) DR 4 RA B27 ankylosing spondylitis |
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Type I Hypersensitivity
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IL-4 cause switch to IgE (activate masts)
mast cell mediators (heparin & histimine) inflammation (eos & basos) |
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Type II Hypersensitivity
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AB to cell or tissue antigen
IgM or IgG to self Complement & Fc R mediate damage due to PMNs & MPs May affect hormone receptors |
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Graves
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Type II hypersensitivity
damage to thyroid Rs |
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Myasthenia Gravis
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Type II hypersensitivity
damage to ACh Rs |
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Goodpastures
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Type II hypersensitivity
Ab to type IV collagen |
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Rheumatic fever
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Type II hypersensitivity
Ab to heart tissue |
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Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
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Type II hypersensitivity
opsonization of RBC Antigen is Rh protein |
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Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia Purpura
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Type II hypersensitivity
opsonization of platelets antigen is plt membrane protein |
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Pemphigus Vulgaris
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Type II hypersensitivity
antigen is epidermal cadherin causes skin vesicles (bullae) |
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Pernicious Anemia
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Type II hypersensivity
damage to intrinsic factor of parietal cells can't absorb B 12 abnormal EPoisis |
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Type III Hypersensitivity
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Circulating Immune Complexes
IgG & IgM complement & recruitment of leukocytes |
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SLE- type of hypersensitivity
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Type III Hypersensitivity
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antigen in SLE
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DNA, Chromatin, Ribonuc prots, cellular constituents
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mechanism of damage in SLE & symptoms
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Mechanism of damage- inflamm (complement & FcR)
Symptoms- nephritis, arthritis, vasculitis |
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Polyarteritis nodosa
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Type III hypersensitivity
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antigen in Polyarteritis Nodosa
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Hep B or C surface Ag (from persistant infection)
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mechanism & symptoms of Polyarteritis Nodosa
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inflammation (complement & FcR)
vasculitis |
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Post-streptococcal glomerularnephritis
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type III hypersensitivity
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mechanism of damage & symptoms of Post-Strep glomerulonephritis
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inflammation (complement & FcR)
nephritis |
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Type IV Hypersensitivity
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delayed, cell mediated (Ts)
CD4 reacts to cell tissue Ag Th1 activation (IL-12) Activation of MPs (IFN) or CD8s bind directly to self |
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examples of Type IV hypersensitivity
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PPD, Poison Ivy,
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cytokine that activates Eosinophils
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IL 5
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Preformed mediators from mast cells
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histamine, heparin, tryptase
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new lipid synthesis in activated mast cell
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PLA2 (leads to PAF), PG, LT
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De Novo gene expression in activated mast cell
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cytokines (TNF, IL1, 3, 4, 13), GM-CSF, MIP-1
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Activation of Mast cells
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must be multi-valent antigen
binds 2 IgE on sensitized mast cell Lyn, ITAM, MAPK Granule exocytosis |
